American English Dialects
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The Map
1. Click on on the
2. Click on
3. Click on
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Western dialects:
7. North Central
8. The West
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Dialects that begin from the eastern seaboard:
1. Canada
2. Northern New England
3. The North
4. Larger New York Metropolis
5. The Midland
6. The South
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Internet-Based mostly Survey now accomplished
A bunch of linguists had been gathering information on
North American English dialects utilizing a web-based survey. They requested for our
assist, and a few of you helped with this survey. This survey is now closed,
with 3903 whole responses in December 2012. You may see some preliminary
outcomes at: pantheon.yale.edu/~clb3/NorthAmericanDialects.
Nonetheless, I discover that a few of their samples
undoubtedly don’t symbolize the native dialect! 26-Dec.-2012
That is only a hobby of mine, that I believed is likely to be fascinating to
lots of people. Some folks gather stamps. Others gather cash. I gather
dialects. – Rick Aschmann. (Web page final
up to date: Might 2, 2018.
Due to all of you who’ve written expressing
appreciation for the web page! I don’t promise to answer each e-mail, however I
am nonetheless attempting to reply all those that despatched in a pattern or different
data, or perhaps a grievance. Sadly, my life is all the time very busy,
and I can solely dedicate a small portion of my time to this, so I’ve hassle
even maintaining with present correspondence about this web page. Worse but, from
time to time this web page will get posted to a different standard weblog, and I get a brand new
surge of e-mail, so I’ve doubts of ever having the ability to reply all of it. However
I’ll maintain working at it! 12-Aug.-2014
There are 8 main
English dialect areas in North America, listed beneath the map at left. These
are proven in blue, every with its quantity, on the map and within the Dialect Description Chart beneath, and are
additionally outlined with blue traces on the map. The primary 6 of those start on the eastern seaboard and proceed west,
reflecting western settlement patterns.
The various subdialects are
proven in purple on the map and within the chart, and are outlined with purple traces on
the map. All of those are listed within the margins of the map as properly.
Within the Dialect Description Chart extra
options not proven on the map are offered for distinguishing the dialects.
Latest additions
• I
did fairly a little bit of beauty adjustment to put identify positioning and different
issues to make the map extra readable. New!
5-Oct.-2017
• I
adjusted the identify of the Mat-Su Valley dialect in Alaska from Mat-Su Valley to Mat-Su Valley (North Central)
to higher make clear its standing, as an Island of North Central in Alaska.
New! 4-Oct.-2017
• As a result of
native French audio system don’t usually have the Canadian elevating, I’ve now
explicitly proven the pink Canadian-raising line as excluding the
French-speaking space in Canada. (Earlier I had merely not proven it on this
space, however the outcome was complicated even to me, so I put it in.) I additionally
adjusted a number of traces operating throughout Hudson Bay. Adj.
4-Oct.-2017
• I
adjusted the primary map to match the New Orleans inset in its southeast nook
and added St. Bernard Parish, reflecting the truth that apparently all of St.
Bernard Parish has the identical dialect. New!
13-Sep.-2017
• I
have now completed decreasing the dimensions of the dots for cities and cities, besides
for the bigger inhabitants facilities, to cut back the litter on the map. I’ve
now accomplished this for all U.S. states and Canadian provinces. Adj. 13-Sep.-2017
• Oops!
In some unspecified time in the future I unintentionally modified the colour of the El Paso dialect from
white to pink. It’s now fastened. New! 13-Sep.-2017
• I
made various beauty changes to the dialect descriptions and features
on the fitting facet of the map (within the Atlantic Ocean), none of which have an effect on
the content material of the map. New! 13-Sep.-2017
• Persevering with
survey: I solely found in 2011 that many if not most Individuals
pronounce the “l” in phrases like “calm” and different phrases ending in “-alm”, which stunned me very a lot, since I
don’t. Some additionally pronounce the “l” in “folks”, and even a number of might pronounce
the “l” in “speak”. See The Pronunciation of “-alm” and “-olk”
and “-alk” for extra particulars. I’d like to know if you happen to do or don’t
pronounce the “l” in such phrases, and the place you grew up! Sure, I do know lots of
you may have despatched in information, and I’m nonetheless attempting to get all of it compiled. One
factor that has discouraged me is that to date no very discernible sample is
rising! 8-Dec.-2014
What’s New? All additions or modifications throughout the
previous couple of months are marked with “ New! ” and the date, or with “ Adj. ”
(for “Adjusted”.) To see this new data, merely seek for these phrases.
Map Format
I’ve made various
changes to the map format based mostly on feedback and solutions from folks
who write in. Nonetheless, the primary grievance, that the map is simply too difficult
and complicated, I can’t actually repair: the topic is difficult, and I’m properly
conscious that I’ve tried to incorporate too many options. Nonetheless, if folks have
concepts on how you can make the map or net web page much less complicated, I’m all ears! 8-Might-2013
One factor that will assistance is
you can now view the file in layers. 16-Sep.-2014
Dialect Survey of Particular person Phrases
(27-June-2013)
A lot of you may have written in to ask, “What about
such-and-such a phrase? What’s its distribution throughout North America?” And my
reply has all the time been, “That’s not what this map is about, it’s about sound
patterns affecting many phrases without delay, it’s about phonemic
patterns.” Not that I’m not , I’m, it’s simply that there is no such thing as a
place for this type of data on my map. (The one such phrase that does
seem on the map is the “on” line.) 17-Dec.-2015
Nonetheless, lastly somebody has executed simply what lots of
you may have wished, they’ve mapped the distribution of a lot of these
particular person phrases, in addition to some grammatical constructions, and you may
take pleasure in searching via them here.
Should you don’t need to wrestle via the entire record, a collection of a few of
essentially the most fascinating with whimsical feedback might be discovered here. 21-Aug.-2013
The hyperlink for this website was
despatched in by Joshua Katz. Thanks! Additionally, Joshua has redone the
maps to make a whole lot of them extra readable, as for instance his map of phrases
for carbonated
beverage. (Oops, these hyperlinks appear to be out of date. He nonetheless has this
page, however many of the hyperlinks on it don’t work, although the one for the
poster does, and this does have the carbonated beverage map and some others.
The final hyperlink within the earlier paragraph exhibits a number of extra, although a few of
the hyperlinks don’t work there both.) 17-Dec.-2015
Sadly, they nonetheless don’t have
among the ones I’m eager about, like “greasy/greazy”,
which has a north-south distribution just like “on”! Does anybody know of a
map of this? 11-Nov.-2015
I’ve discovered a
description of the road on the American Heritage Dictionary entry for greasy
(copied from the Dictionary
of American Regional English), which merely exhibits that it largely follows
the “on” line (or maybe runs barely to the south of it), besides in fact
that it continues throughout areas with the cot-caught merger, akin to
Allegheny Midland or the West, the place the “on” line is undefined, and the
description particularly states that the “greazy”
area consists of all of New Mexico.
17-Dec.-2015
This site says that using “greazy” extends so far as southern California, and particularly
says that “about 1/5 of all So. Cal. residents, however half of rural
Riversiders, used greazy relatively
than greasy.” 17-Dec.-2015
Based mostly on the remark in
the AHD entry, I believe that the subscription-only Dictionary of American
Regional English has a map of this, however since I presently dwell in South
America I can’t go to a library and test it out.
11-Nov.-2015
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Guide to
How Many Vowels are there in American English?
How Many Consonants are there?
The Stress
R-Coloring 8-July-2013
The
Sō kŏŏd wē rīt ŧħə
Soh kuud wee riyt thə way wee speek,
Key to the Spelling Systems 21-Aug.-2013
How I Use the IPA (and how I don’t)
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Special
Did
The Pronunciation of “-alm” and “-olk” and “-alk”
Inland and Lowland
Classical
The Pin-Pen
Other Areas with the Pin-Pen Merger 16-Jul.-2016
New York City and Its
Where do
Do some
Do state or
Which states are
The Unique
The U.S. -
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Print the Map!
A number of folks have requested if
Nonetheless, I wished a poster
Click here to open the printable PDF file.
After you may have opened it,
I don’t promise to replace
If you wish to use the
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View the
If you wish to see the
This map was created utilizing
An outline of every layer
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The small map beneath is similar as
the Full-Scale Dialect Map that follows, however
exhibits the complete width of the map (on most displays). 24-Aug.-2010
Click on on
any a part of this map to maneuver to the equal a part of the Full-Scale Dialect
Map. (For now this solely strikes to the far
left or the far proper of the Full-Scale Dialect Map, so sadly it
doesn’t work properly for the center parts, and you’ll simply should scroll
over.) 24-Aug.-2010
For most of the cities or cities on
this map, you may hearken to an audio or video pattern of speech of a local
(extra particularly, somebody who was raised there, although not essentially born
there, and whose dialect clearly represents that place). All the cities or
cities with a inexperienced heart have such an audio or
video pattern that may be listened to (and some of those with pink facilities do additionally). I’ll proceed including new
audio and video samples, so examine again sometimes. To date there are over
900 samples listed, increasingly more of that are from contributors! Thanks! 1-Sep.-2014
The cities and cities with a big
dot are these that are bigger or extra essential in every state or province. New! 13-Sep.-2017
Use the scroll bars to maneuver round
on this map, or, even less complicated, begin on the tiny map above
and click on the nation (U.S. or Canada) that you simply need to have a look at. This may take
you to the Small-Scale
Dialect Map. Click
once more to zoom in additional in your
location. (For now this solely strikes
to the far left or the far proper of the Full-Scale Dialect Map, so sadly
it doesn’t work properly for the center parts, and you’ll simply should scroll
over.) 24-Aug.-2010
All the map is clickable, taking
you to the record of samples for that state or province. Solely these places
with inexperienced facilities, and some with pink facilities, have a pattern to date. There might be
a number of areas of the oceans and the legends that aren’t clickable, however all of
the states and provinces now are. Place the mouse over a specific state or
province to see its identify. (The map
guides, displaying the which means of all the colours, are on the top right and bottom left of the map.) 25-Sep.-2013
Assist! For a lot of locations I
haven’t discovered an audio pattern but. If you realize of an audio or video pattern
on the Web that includes a speaker who was raised in a specific place,
and whose dialect clearly represents that place, please let me know, whether or not that place is
at the moment listed or not! Though most of the folks in these samples are distinguished
folks, I really choose odd native folks, however anybody in any respect will do, as
lengthy as their pronunciation represents the native dialect. (The
ones I particularly want, and can’t discover, are these with an orange-yellow
heart.) Additionally, if you happen to suppose that one of many audio examples doesn’t really
symbolize the native dialect, please let me
know in the identical manner. (Oh, however please maintain the samples clear. I’ve a
coverage of not utilizing a pattern if it makes use of a phrase you may’t say on TV within the
U.S.!) I’ll usually record your identify because the contributor, to make this extra of
a neighborhood mission, until you’d relatively I didn’t, wherein case I’ll use
initials. Nonetheless, I can’t publish anybody’s e-mail tackle. 10-Might-2011
Numbered Areas: A quantity
of states (17 to date) now have so many places mapped that there was no
longer room for all of the names, so I used to be compelled to go to a numbering system for such areas, because the scale of
the map is already large enough! I put the important thing to the numbers off the east coast of Canada. The world with essentially the most
numbers is way of Kentucky and Tennessee and
neighboring areas, that are about as completely mapped as they probably
might be, thanks partially to enthusiastic contributor Eli Ok. in 2010. That’s the
sort of assist wanted to actually fill out this map! Adj.
2-Oct.-2017
I’m grateful to the Atlas of North American English
(ANAE) by William Labov, Sharon Ash, and Charles Boberg, for a
good a part of the info on which this map was based mostly. Particularly, a lot of the
data on the map above and within the Dialect
Description Chart beneath was obtained from ANAE chapter 11 (a draft model out there on the
Web), in addition to from many different chapters of the identical work, with a number of
concepts from a a lot older model of the identical: ling.upenn.edu/phono_atlas/home.html.
(The Desk of Contents of the draft model of the atlas might be seen at: www.ling.upenn.edu/phonoatlas/ANAE_ToC.pdf,
however this doesn’t hyperlink on to the chapters. Hyperlinks to every chapter are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23.) 11-Nov.-2015
Nonetheless, the names of various the dialects are my
personal, and I’ve made many changes to their borders (particularly Inland and Lowland South, West Midland, and Allegheny
Midland). Additionally, a whole lot of the info is from my very own analysis and evaluation. -
Rick Aschmann
I found in late 2011 that a lot or the entire audio information
upon which the atlas was based mostly is now out there on the Web, on this website (choose North American English Dialects). (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) I might be including samples
from this website as I’ve time, marked as “ANAE data and audio”. 26-Jan.-2013
The next notes check with numbers on the map, and present
the corresponding part of the ANAE:
2: Lengthy /ō/ [oʊ] fronting:
See Map 20.2 in ANAE chapter 20. 2: The boundary between central-back and
central-front (the yellow dots) was utilized by the ANAE to outline the boundary
between North and Midland, however this line then extends into the West. The deep
dip that it takes southwards in Utah and Nevada would appear to point
settlement of those areas by Northerners, most likely represented by the Mormon settlement. Thus this dip corresponds to a big
diploma to the “Mormon Corridor”. Many of those settlers have been originally from the Palmyra, New York, area and from Kirtland,
Ohio. One other northern contribution might have been the early
northeastern organized crime influence in Las Vegas. Now I’m not saying
that individuals in these areas sound like northeasterners: they don’t, they sound
like westerners, with this one function being dragged south due to this
origin. 20-Jan.-2010
3: R-dropping:
See Map 7.1 in ANAE chapter 7. R-droppers are additionally known as non-rhotic English audio system, although I discover this time period relatively
obscure and educational, and like to not apply it to a website like this, which is
not for teachers. There are two sorts of r-droppers, which I name Systematic
R-droppers and Easy R-droppers. 11-Might-2015
Systematic R-droppers are discovered within the northeastern
U. S., in a lot of England, and in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India,
a lot of the Caribbean, and different locations. Systematic R-droppers have linking and intrusive
r’s. John F. Kennedy
is a wonderful instance of a Systematic r-dropper. In a speech he
gave prior to being elected, he says “The hungry youngsters I sawr in West Vaginia.” This quote has one intrusive r, and one
dropped r, each highlighted in purple. In one other speech during
the Cuban missile crisis he says, beginning at 4:55: “…Soviet international minista Gromyko
informed me in my workplace that he was instructed to make it cleah as soon as once more, as he stated his govament had
already executed, Soviet help to Cubar, and I quote, …”, which once more has one
intrusive r, and three dropped r’s, once more highlighted in purple. 11-Might-2015
Easy R-droppers are present in components of the Lowland South. As a basic rule, they don’t have linking and
intrusive r’s. All the areas in
the South marked as r-droppers on my map are Easy R-dropper areas, although New
Orleans exhibits some tendency to retain closing r’s earlier than a vowel, although not
sufficient to make it systematic. (It seems that Hawai’i
Creole English can also be of this sort.)
11-Mar.-2016
Quite a few examples of each sorts of r-droppers are given in
the audio samples beneath. This sample is receding, so sometimes solely a lot
older audio system retain the r-dropping in a given location. These are surrounded
on the map by a dotted inexperienced circle, and within the chart beneath might be indicated
with the phrase “Older r-dropper”. 3-Apr.-2010
4: Canadian
and Tidewater elevating: See Map 15.5
in ANAE chapter 15, noting solely the information for the /ou/ [aʊ] vowel (which
he writes /aw/), not the /ī/
[aɪ] vowel (which he writes /ay/). The ANAE doesn’t present this data on
any map for the Tidewater South, so I’ve gleaned the information from varied
sources, together with stray feedback in ANAE. That is additionally present in one, and
apparently just one, of the New Orleans subdialects,
St. Bernard Parish, which is way away from both Canada or the Tidewater
South! Why this needs to be the case is a thriller. Adj.
16-Sep.-2017
6: “On” line: See Map 14.2
in ANAE chapter 14. That is the one lexical merchandise included in
this evaluation, however it appears to correlate with the phonological information, and because the
ANAE factors out, largely follows the North-Midland boundary. Why it turns north
at its western finish within the Dakotas and does some contortions is unclear. (The
ANAE didn’t have Mitchell, SD or Ashley, ND, that are the surprises. I had
earlier thought Mitchell was north of the road, however really it’s south of
it.) Miles Metropolis, Montana, an outlier of Western North, can also be beneath the road.
In San Francisco the sample appears to be reversed, with the “Don” group
probably representing a later inflow of some kind.
17-Dec.-2015
vowel
of “lot”
/ŏ/ [a]
virtually
as a lot
as vowel
of “let”
/ĕ/ [ɛ]
vowel
of “cot”
/ŏ/ [a]
extra
fronted
than
vowel
of “reduce”
/ŭ/ [ʌ]
vowel
of “too”
/ōō/ [ᵿʉ]
a lot
extra
fronted
than
vowel
of “toe”
/ō/ [o(ʊ)]
Vowel
of “far”
/är/ [aɹ]
fronted
Vowel
of
“caught”
/ô/ [oə]
strongly
raised
“hoarse”
=
“horse”,
“mourning”
=
“morning”,
“four”
=
“for”
Distinctive
Options
Chapter
and
map in
ANAE
Chapter and map in ANAE
sure
Like Western
North, however “cot”=“caught”.
sure
Refined variations from the
remainder of the North Central, significantly /ŧħ/
[ð] turns into /d/ [d].
Mat-Su Valley, Alaska *
sure
sure
Strongly like North Central, however with some admixture from
the primary Alaska dialect. (See Sarah Palin.)
sure
sure
Vowel of “too” considerably extra fronted than vowel of
“toe”, “cot”=“caught”.
Alaska
sure
sure
Similar as West
(ANAE chapter 11 says there are important variations,
however doesn’t clarify what they’re.)
Silver Metropolis, NM
sure
sure
Similar as West,
however “cot”≠“caught”.
sure
little or no
sure
Similar as West,
plus Canadian vowel shift, vowel of “cat” central, elevating of “chew”, “bout”, Canadian elevating. Adj. 2-Oct.-2017
Atlantic Provinces
combined?
sure
sure
Vowel of “far” fronted (however not “father”). Canadian
elevating solely partial. Adj. 2-Oct.-2017
sure
sure
sure
Just like the Atlantic Provinces, however with a powerful Irish
element.
Jap New England (ENE)
sure
no
“far” & “father”
fronted to [a], systematic
r-dropping, “cot”=“caught”, “father” [a] &
“trouble” [ɒə] don’t rhyme.
NW New England
very little
very little
sure
sure
Vowel of “far” fronted (however not “father”), “cot”=“caught”.
combined
combined
principally
virtually all
Western North
combined
combined
principally
sure
Inland North
sure
sure
principally
virtually all
Northern Cities Shift: /ă/ in “bat” strongly
raised to [eə], most brief vowels shifted.
St. Louis Hall
sure
sure
Blended
combined
Northern Cities Shift: /ă/ in “bat” strongly raised to [eə],
most brief vowels shifted, however many different vowels like Midland.
Indiana North[3]
no
no
sure
Similar to Western North, however separated from it
geographically[4].
Jap North
sure
sure
very little
combined
sure
Largely like Western
North, however some similarities to Larger New York Metropolis.
Albany
sure
sure
very little
sure
sure
Many vowels like Larger New York Metropolis, however no r-dropping.
Windfall
sure
no
/ă/
in “cat” central [a], systematic
r-dropping, “cart”=“cot”, which isn’t seen wherever else on the earth!
4. Larger New York Metropolis
(GNYC)
sure
sure
Varied uncommon vowels, systematic
r-dropping, “dangerous” [eə] & “had” [æ] don’t rhyme, and “father” [ɑə]
& “trouble” [a] don’t rhyme for a lot of audio system. For
extra particulars, see New
York City and Its Offspring.
11-Mar.-2016
The Hamptons
sure
Rather a lot like Larger New York Metropolis, however extra analysis wanted!
Downtown New Orleans
no?
Extra like Larger New York Metropolis than anything,
though “dangerous” & “had” most likely rhyme, and “on” rhymes with “Daybreak”. For
extra particulars, see New Orleans.
11-Mar.-2016
virtually all
In some ways is intermediate between Northern and Southern[5].
Central Midland
virtually all
Least distinctive dialect within the U.S., many sections are “General American”
Canton, Ohio
sure
“bat” strongly raised, “on” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”
sure
Many vowels are pronounced like Larger New York Metropolis, “pin”≠“pen”, not like the encircling
space[6].
West Midland *
sure
(19)
Allegheny
Midland[7]
sure
“cot”=“caught”,
not like most of Midland.
Pittsburgh
sure
Pittsburgh vowel shift: “out” is pronounced [ˈat], with no diphthong, the way in which a Bostonian says
“artwork”.
Oklahoma Metropolis * [8]
sure
Just like the components of the Central Midland south of the pin-pen
line.
East Midland *
sure
sure
Just like the Central Midland, with influences from Atlantic
Midland.
Atlantic
Midland[9]
sure
sure
“dangerous” doesn’t rhyme
with “had”, like Larger New York Metropolis, however in any other case like East Midland.
North
Florida
sure
Like Central Midland, “pin”=“pen”.
South
Florida
sure
Like Central Midland, “pin”≠“pen”.
El Paso
sure
“cot”≠“caught”
like Central Midland, “pin”=“pen”.
Galveston *
sure
Similar to East Midland, and even to Atlantic Midland,
besides that “dangerous” rhymes with “had”
sure
sure
Similar to East Midland, and even to Atlantic Midland,
besides that “dangerous” rhymes with “had”
(11)
combined
Partial to full Southern shift:
vowels of “trip” and “purchase” haven’t any diphthong: lengthy /ī/ is [a].
In virtually total space “pin”=“pen”, besides as famous beneath or on map.
Lowland South
combined
Partial Southern shift: lengthy /ī/
vowels of “trip” and “purchase” have [a], with no
diphthong, however “proper” is [aɪ].
combined
Outlined in darkish inexperienced relatively than purple, a catch-all for
all R-dropping dialects within the South, consists of or cuts throughout among the
dialects beneath.
combined
Outlined in pink relatively than purple, a catch-all for these
components of the coastal southeast which have the Tidewater elevating, as defined
on the map. It really consists of two areas that lack the Southern shift, Down
East & Outer Banks, and Charleston. Adj. 2-Oct.-2017
Savannah
sure
R-dropping, “pin”≠“pen”.
sure
East is R-dropping, west apparently not, “pin”=“pen”,
French affect, th > t,d.
New Orleans, Mid Metropolis
sure
See the New Orleans inset on the map and the New Orleans part beneath. Adj.
14-Sep.-2017
New Orleans, Irish Channel
sure
See the New Orleans inset on the map and the New Orleans part beneath. Adj.
13-Sep.-2017
New Orleans, St. Bernard Parish
sure
See the New Orleans inset on the map and the New Orleans part beneath. Adj.
14-Sep.-2017
New Orleans, Peripheral
sure
See the New Orleans inset on the map and the New Orleans part beneath. Adj.
14-Sep.-2017
Inland South
virtually all
Full Southern shift: vowels of
“trip”, “purchase”, and “proper” all have [a], with no
diphthong.
Anomalous peripheral
areas within the southeast that resisted the Southern shift:
Charleston
sure
No Southern shift, R-dropping, vowels of “bait” and “boat”
are usually not diphthongs, however easy [e] and [o].
Down East & Outer Banks *
sure
No Southern shift, lengthy /ī/ [ɒɪ]
vowel usually virtually like /oi/ [ɔɪ], “pin”=“pen”[11].
Chesapeake Islands *
sure
No Southern shift, lengthy /ī/ [ɒɪ]
vowel much less like /oi/
[ɔɪ] than Down East & Outer Banks, “pin”≠“pen”.
I’ve added and adjusted a whole lot of the data on the
map based mostly on the next audio and non-audio information. – Rick Aschmann
Location
Supply
Remark
Samples from almost all U. S. states and some from
Canada
International
Dialects of English Archive (IDEA) (or new clickable map: www.dialectsarchive.com/globalmap)
This website has been utterly redone, maybe in 2013, and
is vastly improved, because it now offers much more details about the
audio system, together with place of origin and typically an inventory of locations the place they
have lived, plus a whole lot of different data!
Nonetheless,
I nonetheless discover that most of the samples don’t symbolize properly the bedrock
pronunciation of the realm, however as an alternative symbolize those that have tried to
sound much less “native”. Additionally, places are sometimes restricted (although I see that extra
have been added just lately), and infrequently solely city places are given.
Even
so, in lots of circumstances the info is helpful, and I’ve used it within the sound samples
beneath, particularly when clearer indications are given of “nativeness”, and now
that extra data has been offered, I’ll most likely add extra. If anybody
finds any of those that I’ve ignored and shouldn’t have, please let me
know!
(As a result of
this website modified its total construction, not one of the previous hyperlinks labored anymore,
and I’ve redone all of them. The unique website was web.ku.edu/~idea or web.ku.edu/~idea.) 8-Nov.-2013
Samples solely from north-central U. S.
csumc.wisc.edu/AmericanLanguages/english/eng_us.htm
Once more, it isn’t all the time clear if the audio system are natives
of the realm wherein they have been interviewed, or in the event that they symbolize properly the
native dialect. Nonetheless, it consists of rural audio system, which might help fill in
holes. Used sometimes. If anybody finds any of those that I’ve ignored
and shouldn’t have, please let me know! 11-Mar.-2016
In lots of locations on this net web page the pronunciation of a reputation
or different phrase might be given after it. These pronunciation guides could have two
types: a phonemic
information between slashes / /, based mostly on the Traditional Dictionary Pronunciation System (TDPS) that’s
discovered in lots of dictionaries, particularly American ones[12],
and a phonetic
information (offering the phonetic particulars) between sq. brackets [
], based mostly on the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). (Thanks, Maria
Mikkonen![13]) 26-Aug.-2013
The benefit of the phonemic information is that it permits
totally different dialects to make use of the identical pronunciation key and get the fitting outcome
for every dialect. For this information I’ve principally adopted the TDPS system used within the American Heritage Dictionary[14],
relatively than the one utilized by Merriam-Webster
or others, since it’s extra full and applies to extra
dialects. 31-Aug.-2015
Nonetheless, I’ve included the phonetic information as properly, partly
to present a extra exact phonetic pronunciation of native variants, and partly
as a result of many have complained that they like the IPA or are acquainted
solely with it. (This information consists of allophonic variation akin to aspiration
on unvoiced consonants, which is conditioned by stress and phrase place.
Nonetheless, it will be impractical to symbolize all of the wonderful element, such because the rounding
that many English consonants have, or the variations between “clear l” [l] and “dark l” [ɫ].) 18-July-2013
1.
I write the syllable with primary stress utilizing daring and underline, and syllables with secondary stress with simply daring, relatively than utilizing an
apostrophe after it just like the AHD. In different phrases, I present the pronunciation of
“beneath” as /ŭndərnēth/, whereas the AHD does it as /ŭn’dər-nēth’/. 31-Aug.-2015
2. I don’t separate syllables with a hyphen besides when completely
essential, as in “cartridge” /kärtrij/ versus “cartwright” /kärt–rīt/, or “mission” /mĭshən/ versus
“mishap” /mĭs-hăp/;
though technically in these two circumstances the underlining of the primary-stressed
syllable offers sufficient data, even so the hyphens assist to make clear.
3.
I present the pronunciation of
phrases like “needle” and “sudden” as /nēdəl/ and /sǔdən/, relatively
than treating them as having syllabic /l/ or /n/, which they clearly have phonetically: [ˈniɾl̩, ˈsʌdn̩]. 2-Jan.-2012
The ANAE doesn’t use both the TDPS or the IPA, however as an alternative makes use of a very totally different transcription
system, described in ANAE chapter 2. This method is phonemic, like
the TDPS.[16] 31-Aug.-2015
No, the reply isn’t: “5: a, e, i, o u.” Granted, in conventional English spelling these are
the vowel letters, sure, however I’m speaking about our spoken language: What number of
important vowel sounds are there? Effectively, if you happen to seek the advice of any standard American
English dictionary, and research the Pronunciation Key, there might be a protracted record
of vowels. Within the Pronunciation Key to the American Heritage Dictionary, 19
totally different vowel symbols are listed (not counting those solely utilized in international
phrases)! Nonetheless, a few of these are particular vowels that solely happen earlier than the /r/ sound, that are “coloured” by the /r/,
so these might be separated out as particular circumstances. And certainly one of these vowels, /ə/,
solely happens in weak syllables (utterly unstressed syllables),
by no means in stressed syllables, so it additionally might be separated
out as a particular case. This leaves us with 15 Unusual Vowels that may happen in
burdened syllables. Only a few North American English audio system have all of those
vowels: Many have 14 (missing the /ä/ vowel), and plenty of have solely 13 (missing each /ä/ and /ô/). Larger
New York Metropolis has 16 Unusual Careworn Vowels, the 15 within the American Heritage
record plus one that’s not normally listed in dictionary pronunciation guides,
discovered within the phrase “dangerous”, which it is smart to spell /â/, since on this dialect it’s
the identical because the r-colored vowel that happens earlier than /r/
in phrases like “bearing”! This vowel additionally happens within the Atlantic Midland
dialect. (I had initially spelled this vowel as /ăə/,
however there is no such thing as a want to make use of extra symbols when this isn’t essential.) 31-Aug.-2015
These 16 vowels are listed beneath within the second column, with
pattern phrases proven within the first column. These with a breve ˘ over
them, /ă,ĕ,ĭ,ŏ,ŭ,ŏŏ/,
are these vowels that traditionally have been brief vowels in English (and nonetheless are
in British English), whereas these with a macron ˉ
over them, /ā,ē,ī,ō,ōō/,
are these vowels that traditionally have been lengthy vowels in English (and nonetheless are
in British English). In American English these vowels are not
phonetically lengthy or brief, although the “brief” ones are typically phonetically lax, and the
“lengthy” ones tense.
As a basic rule the brief/lax ones don’t happen on the finish of a phrase or
syllable, solely earlier than a consonant; this rule has no exceptions in British
English, although it does appear to have a number of in American English. (The remaining
Unusual Careworn Vowels /ä/, /â/ (in Larger New York Metropolis and Atlantic Midland), /ô/, /oi/, and /ou/ slot in
extra with the lengthy/tense group when it comes to their pronunciation, historical past, and
distribution.) (See additionally the part How I Use the IPA
(and how I don’t) for extra dialogue about this.) 10-Nov.-2015
The remaining columns present what occurs to vowels earlier than
closing r, displaying the “R-colored” vowels utilized in most of North America, and
displaying the Southern System within the closing column, representing the system used
in a lot of the South, which doesn’t have “R-colored” vowels.
(I’ve included the IPA equivalents
of those vowels in brackets [ ] as properly. Nonetheless, maintain
in thoughts that the precise pronunciation of a given phonemic vowel
might fluctuate drastically from area to area. For instance, the /ŏ/ vowel is pronounced as [a], an open entrance unrounded vowel, in a lot of the Inland
North, however is pronounced as [ɔ], an open-mid again
rounded vowel, in England. An entire gamut of vowel sounds in between these two
happens someplace in North America: in a lot of Canada and in another
“cot”=“caught” areas the pronunciation is [ɒ],
whereas most others use [ɑ] or [a]
or one thing in between. Many different vowels have related variants. Probably the most
distinctive Southern pronunciation is proven in a separate column. Nonetheless, maintain
in thoughts that I’ve not listed all attainable variants for any area.) 3-July-2010
If anybody finds that any of the symbols within the chart don’t
show correctly on their net browsers, please let me know. Most of them are
normal Unicode characters.
On Android telephones and tablets: up till Android model 4.3
in 2013, in the usual Android browser and in Chrome the symbols /ȯ/, one of many R-colored vowels beneath,
and uppercase /Ə/, used within the phonemic respelling section, didn’t show
accurately. And up till model 5 they nonetheless hadn’t fastened a number of of the IPA
characters, like [ᵿ], which I exploit to indicate the
Southern pronunciation of the vowel in “boot”, nor had they fastened different font
issues, like for Historic Greek, leaving me pissed off with my Android cellphone
for a very long time! Nonetheless, now in model 5 they lastly appear to have fastened all
of those points. Nonetheless, in case you have an older model of Android the answer
is straightforward: simply use the Firefox browser, which shows these characters
correctly regardless of Android. 31-Aug.-2015
Unusual
Careworn Vowels
“R-colored”
Careworn Vowels
Remaining Wells (pattern phrases)
phonemic
IPA
IPA
South ††
keepers
droppers
Southern System
beat bee fleece
really feel
ē
[i]
[ɪi]
concern, pier,
peer, close to
îr
[ɪɹ]
[ɪə]
intermediate
between /ē/
and /ĭ/
/ēər/ [ɪiə(ɹ)], rhymes with “skier”
bit package fill
ĭ
[ɪ]
[iə]
1
bait bay face
fail
ā
[eɪ/e]
[ɛɪ]
truthful, bear,
care, sq.,
pair, hair
âr
[eɹ]
[eə]
(British
[ɛə])
For many audio system
intermediate between
/ā/
and /ĕ/,
however [eə(ɹ)] in GNYC,
Atlantic Midland,
and E. New England
/ăr/ [æɹ/æə]: “furry”=“Harry” /hărĭ/ [ˈhæɹɪ]
which rhyme with “marry” /mărĭ/ [ˈmæɹɪ],
however “merry” /mĕrĭ/ [ˈmeɹɪ]
and
“Mary” /mārĭ/ [ˈmɛɪɹɪ]
are totally different.
wager costume fell
ĕ
[ɛ]
[e]
bat entice had
ă
[æ]
┐
[æ(ɪə)]
dangerous man
â
[eə]
┘
(GNYC,
Atlantic
Midland)
1
ah palm father Bach’s
ä
[a/ɑə]
┐
(E. New England
[a], GNYC [ɑə])
far, farther,
coronary heart, begin
är
[aɹ/ɑɹ/ɒɹ]
[a/ɑ/ɑə]
Almost everybody
has this![17]
/är/ [ɑɹ/ɑə(ɹ)/ɒɹ]
for many speakers,
/ôr/ [ɔə(ɹ)]
for others
cot lot trouble field
doll,
yacht, watch
ŏ
[a/ɑ/ɒ/ɒəENE]
┤
[ɑ]
caught awe thought balks
paw fall, cough, speak
ô
[ɒ/ɔ/oə/ɒəENE]
┘
(Jap U.S.
See map.)
[ɒʊ]
for, horse,
morning, north
ôr
**
[ɔɹ]
[ɒəENE]
See ANAE map 8.2
/är/ [ɑɹ/ɑə(ɹ)/ɒɹ]
for many speakers,
/ôr/ [ɔə(ɹ)]
for others
1
boat toe goat foal
ō
[o(ʊ)]
[əʊ]
4, hoarse,
mourning, power
ȯr
**
[oɹ]
[oə]
For most speakers,
intermediate between
/ô/ and
/ō/
/ôər/ [ɒʊə(ɹ)],
rhymes with “rawer”
/ȯr/ [oə(ɹ)]
in a lot of New Orleans
1
reduce strut rush, love, tough
ŭ
[ʌ]
[ə]
fur, urge, nurse,
time period, agency,
phrase, heard
ûr
[ɝ]
[ɝ/ɜ/ɜɪ]
Varies.
/ûr/ [ɝ] or /ŭr/ [ʌɹ]
or /ŏŏy/ [ɜɪ]
1
foot foot full, took, put, bush
ŏŏ *
[ʊ]
[ʏ]
poor, tour
remedy, pure
ŏŏr
(yŏŏr)
†
[ʊɹ],
and so on.
([jʊɹ])
[ʊə],
and so on.
([jʊə])
Many lack this,
utilizing /ōōər/, /ȯr/,
or /ûr/ as an alternative
/ōōər/ [ᵿʉə(ɹ)],
“poor” usually /pôər/ [ˈpʰɒʊə(ɹ)]
boot true goose idiot, spook
via
ōō *
[u]
[ᵿʉ]
(cute) cue magnificence
you
(yōō) †
[ju]
[ɪʊ]
1
chew by value
ī
[aɪ/ɑɪ]
[a/aɛ/aɪ]
bout now mouth
ou
[æʊ/aʊ/ɑʊ]
[æə]
Hoyt boy alternative noise
oi
[ɔɪ]
[ɒʊɛ/ɔɛ]
Vowel
that Solely Happens in Weak (Completely Unstressed) Syllables
“R-colored”
Vowel that Solely Happens in Weak (Completely Unstressed)
Syllables
about,
item, civil, gallop, circus
ə
[ə]
[ə]
butter,
motor, solar
ər
[ɚ]
[ə]
Similar
Different
Vowels that Can Happen in Weak (Completely Unstressed)
Syllables
permit
(noun), colic, impose
ĭ
[ɪ]
[ɪ]
funny,
linear
ē (ĭ) ºº
[i] ([ɪ])
[i/ɪ]
situate,
fruition, issue
ōō º
[u/ʊ]
[u/ʊ/əw/ə]
invoiceowing,
tabletow, potato
ō º
[o/ʊ]
[o/ʊ/əw/ə]
Black: The black
vowels are these which all Individuals have as distinct vowels.
Crimson: The purple vowels are these which many however not all
Individuals have, as distinguished from the opposite vowels. I made a decision to make /ŏ/ the default vowel of the /ä/ŏ/ô/
group for all however Jap New England, since for many who make the excellence
it’s by far the most typical. In different phrases, for many who say all three the
similar, solely /ŏ/
might be used within the phonemic spelling. Nonetheless, in Jap New England it makes
extra sense to make the default vowel /ô/, due to the way in which it interacts with a following dropped
r; e.g. “wad” and “ward” are pronounced the identical in Jap New England, however
nowhere else on the earth! They each come out [ˈwɒəd],
which phonemically could be /wôd/ or
maybe /wô(r)d/. 17-Dec.-2015
Inexperienced: The inexperienced vowels are these which a small minority of Individuals have, as
distinguished from the opposite vowels, particularly areas or dialects.
†† The
pronunciation given right here exhibits essentially the most distinctive Southern pronunciation,
particularly these areas which have skilled each Stage 2 and Stage 3 of the
Southern Shift, as proven on Map 18.6 in ANAE chapter 18. Stage 2 covers many of the South, whereas
Stage 3 solely covers a lot of Alabama and components of neighboring states. These
levels are impartial of and reduce throughout the boundary between Inland Southern and Lowland Southern. 8-July-2013
* These two
sounds are literally spelled as /
/
and /
/ as an alternative of /ŏŏ/
and /ōō/ within the AHD and most different dictionary pronunciation methods, however
since there may be not a sensible method to show such a mixture in Unicode,
I’ve adopted the instance of this web site (a part of reference.com, although they don’t now use the AHD
pronunciation system), and this Wikipedia page, which is likely one of the most full
therapies of the system. (Technically there’s a method to do // and //
in Unicode, as contributor Brian Ewins confirmed me[18],
however I’ve tried them in varied browsers, and they won’t show
constantly.) 11-Mar.-2016
† The /yōō/ sound isn’t a single sound, however is
merely /y/ adopted by /ōō/.[19]
Thus, there actually isn’t any “lengthy /ū/”
vowel. Equally, /yŏŏr/ is just /y/ adopted by /ŏŏr/.
ºº This vowel is usually pronounced as /ĭ/ [ɪ] by Southern Individuals and Britishers. 8-Feb.-2013
º Based on Merriam-Webster, these two vowels are literally pronounced
the identical, and are extra correctly represented as a impartial weak diphthong /əw/. They might be proper for a lot of audio system, and
are most likely proper for me in lots of circumstances, however no different dictionary that I’ve
discovered agrees with them. They’re most likely proper for many Southerners, and
probably for many Britishers. 8-Feb.-2013
[ENE] Pronunciations marked
with this are solely present in Jap New England. 17-Dec.-2015
The reply to this one is a bit easier, however once more
the reply isn’t based mostly on the normal English alphabet. Most English
audio system have 24. (The /hw/ [ʍ]
sound, which is normally spelled “wh” in
English, is absolutely only a mixture of /h/ adopted
by /w/, and was initially
spelled this fashion in Old English. Most English audio system not have this
sound, although I and plenty of different older audio system do in lots of components of North
America, and in sure areas, significantly the South, almost all audio system
do.) 8-July-2013
The AHD makes use of /th/, in
italics, for the voiced “th” sound, as in
“this” (which is totally different from the unvoiced “th”
sound, as in “skinny”), and for a very long time I did the identical on this web page, however I’m
now utilizing /ŧħ/ for this sound, for a number of
causes, certainly one of which is that utilizing a formatting function like italics limits
the locations this writing system can be utilized, and anyway I would favor to maintain
italics for his or her regular goal. 31-Aug.-2015
Notice that the letters c,
q, and x are usually not listed. It is because they’re merely alternative ways of
spelling sounds already listed: /ok/ or /s/, /kw/, and /ks/ or /gz/. I
present the comparability beneath:
The Stress Sample of English,
and The way it Messes with the Pronunciation
(8-Feb.-2013)
American English (and most different forms of English) has three levels of stress on every syllable of a phrase, main
stress, secondary stress, or no stress. Just one syllable within the phrase can have
main stress, and that is the syllable that’s pronounced with the best
depth or loudness. The opposite syllables can have both secondary stress or
no stress. An instance is the phrase “counterrevolutionary”, pronounced /kountərrĕvəlōōshənârē/ [ˌkʰaʊɾ̃ɚˌɹɛvəˈluʃəˌneɹi].
This phrase has 8 syllables, divided with hyphens as /koun-tər-rĕv-ə-lōō-shə-nâr-ē/ [ˌkʰaʊ-ɾ̃ɚ-ˌɹɛv-ə-ˈlu-ʃə-ˌneɹ-i].
It has one syllable with main stress, /lōō/ [ˈlu], marked with daring and underline within the dictionary
spelling and with [ˈ] earlier than it within the IPA. It has
three syllables with secondary stress, syllables 1, 3, and seven, marked with daring
within the dictionary spelling and with [ˌ] earlier than them
within the IPA, and 4 with no stress, syllables 2, 4, 6, and eight. As is true with
many phrases in English, particularly lengthy ones, each different syllable is weak
(unstressed). 10-Aug.-2013
In burdened syllables (whether or not main or secondary) all of
the Careworn Vowels within the chart above can happen, however in utterly unstressed
syllables (weak syllables) in English a phenomenon known as vowel weakening or neutralization happens. Consequently, most
of the vowels in these syllables are weakened or neutralized to the vowel /ə/, and
the remainder of the vowels are weakened or neutralized to a really small group,
listed below “Different Vowels that Can Happen in Weak (Fully Unstressed)
Syllables” above. This vowel weakening is a attribute of English in
explicit (although it does happen in different languages as properly), however it doesn’t
happen in any respect in some languages, like Spanish, which makes it particularly laborious
for English audio system to talk good Spanish or vice versa, since they’re every
all the time subconsciously attempting to use their very own sample to the opposite language. 22-Mar.-2013
We will see this weakening course of in motion in lots of teams
of phrases in English. For instance, “melody”, “melodious”, and “melodic” are
spelled as if they need to have the identical vowel sounds, however the truth is they don’t,
being /mĕlədē/
[ˈmɛlədi], /məlōdēəs/ [məˈloʊdiəs], and /məlŏdĭk/ [məˈlɑdɪk]. The vowel within the second
syllable has three pronunciations, two burdened and one unstressed (weak), and
the vowel within the first syllable has two. Spanish has equivalents of those three
phrases, “melodía, melodioso, melódico”,
however not like English, the vowels are pronounced precisely as they’re spelled in
IPA, with no modifications in any respect within the vowel high quality, though the stress falls
on a unique syllable in every phrase.
22-Mar.-2013
So, simply to see if you happen to’ve obtained the concept, take the phrase
“supercalifragilisticexpialidocious”, invented for the Walt Disney film Mary
Poppins. What number of syllables does it have? Which syllables are utterly
unstressed (weak)? Which syllable has the first stress? The solutions might be
discovered within the endnote.[20] 22-Mar.-2013
Within the vowel section above, we noticed
that there are a restricted variety of vowel sounds that may come earlier than /r/ on the finish of a phrase, or when the /r/
comes earlier than one other consonant, and that these are normally “coloured” by the /r/, that’s, they’re modified in order that they don’t actually
match any of the odd vowels. (These vowels are often known as “r-controlled
vowels”.[21])
Some audio system have as few as 5 of those r-colored vowels in burdened syllables,
others have 6 or 7, and this variation is present in each North America and Nice
Britain. 11-Mar.-2016
What about phrases like “rent” or “bitter”? Aren’t these
extra vowels that may come earlier than /r/? At first
look it may appear so, however the truth is, in most if not all English dialects,
these phrases really rhyme with phrases like “greater” and “energy”, which means that
they’re really two-syllable phrases pronounced /hīər/ [ˈhaɪɚ] and /souər/ [ˈsaʊɚ], so no new vowel earlier than /r/ happens.
For r-droppers the /r/ itself is
normally dropped, however the vowel nonetheless stays distinctive, most often totally different
from the odd vowels.
Initially these r’s weren’t coloured, however have been similar to
all the opposite vowels, and a minimum of one dialect retains this previous system, Scottish
English, which doesn’t shade these vowels in any respect, saying them as an alternative
very a lot the way in which they’re spelled. This method might be seen on the backside of
the desk above. 11-Mar.-2016
Thus in Scotland “hen” has a vowel near that of “beard”
for a lot of Individuals, whereas “beard” has the identical vowel as “beet”! (I’ve proven
the entire /r/s within the Scottish pronunciation within the
previous chart as [ɾ], an alveolar flap, although
the [ɹ] utilized in North America can also be frequent in
Scotland.) 11-Mar.-2016
The next chart exhibits how this technique works in a
collection of dialects, each in and out of doors of North America. These objects in darkish purple have a one-syllable r-colored vowel.
These objects in orange have a two-syllable
r-colored vowel sequence (these don’t really add any new distinct vowels to
the system). These objects in blue are usually not
r-colored within the indicated dialect, however are r-colored by many Individuals. In
every column the quantity and nature of the one-syllable r-colored vowels is given
on the high of the column. As all the time on this web page, if you realize for certain that I
have the pronunciation of certainly one of these phrases mistaken, please let me know. 11-Mar.-2016
Okay, however what about r’s in the course of phrases, with a
vowel on each side? Are the vowels earlier than the /r/
nonetheless restricted to those few r-colored vowels within the dialects that shade their r’s? Effectively, no, actually not, we are able to have phrases
like “rerun”, “payroll”, and “prorate”. In different phrases, vowels that generally
happen on the finish of a phrase, particularly the traditionally lengthy vowels, can freely
happen earlier than an /r/
in the course of a phrase, when there’s a clear syllable break earlier than the r. 17-Dec.-2015
However what in regards to the traditionally brief vowels like /ă,ĕ,ĭ,ŏ,ŭ/?
Surprisingly, these do happen in lots of dialects, particularly in Britain but additionally
in components of jap North America, however most Individuals exchange them with the
r-colored vowels. Thus, the phrase “marry” is pronounced /mărē/ [ˈmæɹi] by Britishers and by many audio system within the
Jap U.S., From Maine to the South (and apparently additionally in Montreal), and
most of those audio system would pronounce the phrases “marry”, “merry”, and “Mary” with
three totally different vowels, however most Individuals pronounce all three of those precisely
the identical, as /mârē/
[ˈmeɹi]. This function of permitting /ă,ĕ,ĭ,ŏ,ŭ/
to happen earlier than /r/ in the course of a phrase (however not
on the finish) is likely one of the options that makes audio system from the east coast
sound totally different from different Individuals, even within the case of radio and tv
personalities who’ve in any other case modified their speech to Common American. So
what number of vowels can come earlier than an r adopted by one other vowel? It varies vastly
from one dialect to the subsequent! 17-Dec.-2015
The next chart exhibits a whole lot of these variations, although
there are actually others. These objects in black are usually not r-colored in any
dialect. These objects in darkish purple have a
one-syllable r-colored vowel. These objects in orange
have a two-syllable r-colored vowel sequence (these don’t really add
any new distinct vowels to the system). These objects in blue
are usually not r-colored within the indicated dialect, however are r-colored by many
Individuals. In every column the quantity and nature of the one-syllable r-colored
vowels is given on the high of the column. This doesn’t rely “tiring”, in
which the r-coloring is 2 syllables, not one. As all the time on this web page, if you happen to
know for certain that I’ve the pronunciation of certainly one of these phrases mistaken, please
let me know. 21-Aug.-2013
As you may see, the primary three columns have an virtually
an identical system, differing solely in a number of minor particulars. The identical is true of
the final two columns. Southern and Scottish stand completely on their very own, and in
truth have extra similarities with one another than they’ve with any of the
others. 17-Dec.-2015
For some Southerners “4” might rhyme with “rawer”, wherein
case “4” could be /fôər/ [ˈfɒʊɚ], and they’d not even have
the /ȯr/ [oɹ]
vowel (nonetheless, I would like to check this additional, since preliminary testing with some
Alabamians didn’t present this to be true).
Within the phonemic texts beneath, the dialect offered is my very own,
with none of the blue vowels within the desk in R’s Between Vowels: To Color or Not to Color.
Within the phonemic texts beneath, any vowels that may be certainly one of these blue vowels
for one of many first two columns above (British or GNYC) is marked in darkish purple.
17-Dec.-2015
Click on within the field beneath and check out typing,
utilizing both of the spelling methods defined above: 1-July-2013
(Transfer the pop-up
keyboard round if it will get in your manner. You may as well resize the field.) 11-Jan.-2013
Dictionary symbols:
*For these audio system who’ve this vowel {o} however not {aa},
in different phrases for many who rhyme “father” with “trouble” (most North
Individuals), on the finish of a phrase this vowel have to be spelled as {aa} as an alternative of {o}. It also needs to be spelled {aa} earlier than {h}.
Thus “aha” could be spelled {aahaa}
relatively than {oho}, “ah” could be
spelled {aa} relatively than {o}, and “la” could be spelled {laa} relatively than {lo}. To be constant we actually ought to
spell all of them as {aa} relatively than {o}, however that may make for a lot too many
circumstances of {aa}, and this may actually
find yourself wanting totally different from our conventional spelling. Since {o} is way extra frequent than {aa} in these dialects which have them each,
doing it this fashion will scale back difficulties for all involved. 21-Aug.-2013
b
ch
d
f
g
h
j
ok
l
m
n
ng
p
r
s
sh
t
th
ŧħ
v
w
y
z
zh
(hw)
Plain letters:
b
ch
d
f
g
h
j
ok
l
m
n
ng
p
r
s
sh
t
thh
th
v
w
y
z
zh
(hw)
Conventional:
church,
nature
judge
sing,
singer,
finger
shush,
nation
thin,
bath
this,
bathe
pleasure,
vision,
genre,
rouge
(which,
whale)
You might discover in
the above phonemic writing samples that I write a number of quite common phrases in additional
than a method. I do that as a result of I pronounce them a couple of manner, in accordance
to some pretty clear guidelines, and so do most English audio system. All of those are
what linguists name function words relatively than content words. 14-Jan.-2013
The best group
of those is proven within the chart beneath. The unstressed kind all the time has the weak
vowel /ə/, whereas the burdened kind can have varied
vowels. This isn’t an exhaustive record, although such phrases are fairly a small
group. 19-June-2013
A second group of
these phrases has a particular sample when unstressed (weak), relying on whether or not
the next phrase begins with a vowel or a consonant. In a single case the
conventional spelling represents this sample, that of “a” earlier than a consonant,
and “an” earlier than a vowel. However a minimum of two
different phrases have an identical sample, however as a result of the usual spelling doesn’t
symbolize it, we’re normally unaware of it. These are listed within the following
chart. Examples of most are discovered within the pattern above, or within the footnotes. The
following record might be full.
22-Mar.-2013
Once I present the pronunciation of a spot, I attempt to all the time
present how somebody from that place would really pronounce it. Nonetheless,
sometimes even the natives can’t agree. As an example, many Chicagoans say /shĭkôgō/ [ʃɪˈkʰɒˌɡo] and even /shĭkôgə/
[ʃɪˈkʰɒɡə], however there
are additionally many who say /shĭkŏgō/ [ʃɪˈkʰaˌɡo],
and the latter group could also be rising. (I had initially had the impression that
the previous group was bigger, however contributor and native Chicagoan Richard R.
says that they’re about evenly matched. He says, ‘I believe that this can be a
North Facet versus South Facet and/or West Facet factor, as my Cubs fan associates
are likely to say “ah”, however my Sox fan associates (and Richard Daley) say “aw”. FWIW, I
grew up within the western suburbs saying “ah”.’) Take into account that all of those
audio system undoubtedly have “cot”≠“caught”.
I’ve all the time known as it /shĭkŏgō/ [ʃɪˈkʰɑˌɡoʊ],
with a few slight vowel variations, since I don’t have an Inland North
accent! 18-July-2013
I’ve seen that many individuals who use the IPA to indicate the
pronunciation of place names on Wikipedia do a number of
issues that I’ve chosen to not do.
For one factor, they usually write each [ə]
and [ɨ] in displaying the pronunciation of the weak
vowel /ə/ in American English. Now this isn’t
incorrect, since for me the phrase “couch” /sōfə/ would
normally be phonetically [ˈsoʊfə], whereas
the phrase “damaged” /brōkən/
could be phonetically [ˈbɹoʊkɨn].
Nonetheless, it needs to be understood that this can be a phonetic
distinction, not a phonemic one, in order that the distinction is incidental relatively
than important. And in precise apply I discover I’ve a whole lot of variation: for
occasion, “couch mattress” /sōfə
bĕd/ would normally come out [ˈsoʊfɨˌbɛd],
and “sofas” /sōfəz/
might come out [ˈsoʊfəz] or [ˈsoʊfɨz] relying on how intentionally I’m
talking, or its place within the sentence. And I discover that others have the identical
drawback: within the Appalachian Mountains article the pronunciation is given as
“/ˌæpəˈleɪʃɨn/
or /ˌæpəˈlætʃɨn/”; for
me the vowels proven as [ə] and [ɨ]
in these pronunciations are precisely the identical for me, most likely each [ɨ].
So for strictly sensible functions I’m writing each [ə]
and [ɨ] as [ə]. 18-July-2013
One other factor I discover folks doing is utilizing British phonetic
transcription to indicate the pronunciation of American place names. As an example,
within the Lafayette,
Indiana article the pronunciation is given as “/ˌlɑːfiːˈɛt/”.
Now, in British English there really are phonetically lengthy and brief vowels:
“beat” is phonetically [ˈbiːt], the place the vowel [iː] is
phonetically lengthy, whereas “bit” is phonetically [ˈbɪt],
the place the vowel [ɪ] is phonetically brief. Nonetheless,
in almost all North American English dialects, this isn’t the case: each
“beat” [ˈbit] and “bit” [ˈbɪt] have
vowels that are phonetically the identical size, regardless of the truth that the
first has what’s historically known as a “lengthy e”, whereas the second has what’s
historically known as a “brief i”. Scottish
English is like American English on this respect. And it seems that the
“/ˌlɑːfiːˈɛt/” pronunciation given within the Wikipedia
article is mistaken for each British and American English: in British it will
normally be [ˌlɑːfɪˈɛt]
or [ˌlɑːfiˈɛt], the [ɪ]
or [i] being brief as a result of it’s unstressed (weak),
whereas in American English (a minimum of in West
Lafayette, Indiana) it will be [ˌlɑfiˈɛt],
phonemically /lŏfēĕt/. 18-July-2013
Phrases in pink within the chart within the How Many Vowels are there in American
English? part above are
from John Wells’s Standard
Lexical Sets. Notice that he has a pattern phrase for every of the 15 Unusual
Careworn Vowels and the 7 “R-colored” Careworn Vowels within the American Heritage
Dictionary’s record, however not for the extra localized /â/ vowel present in “dangerous” in GNYC
and Atlantic Midland. I’ve included the entire phrases in John Wells’s record
aside from the next two phrases, which we might name Skew Phrases, since they
have totally different vowels in numerous areas:
18-July-2013
This skewing of the /ŏ/ and /ô/ vowels between the British and
American methods is often seen solely earlier than the consonant phonemes /f/, /th/, and /g/ ([f], [θ],
and [ɡ]), as might be seen within the chart of Different
Examples in The Cot-Caught Merger article,
evaluating the blue objects with these within the previous column. 10-Aug.-2013
Nonetheless, it appears to me that John Wells’s record above was not
properly chosen to indicate contrasts in an identical atmosphere. As an alternative, I’d draw
your consideration to the entire phrases in blue beneath, all of which finish in /t/, and most of which start with /b/,
and likewise to the phrases in darkish purple, which
equally present contrasts in different environments. Thus, my lexical units could be
the next: 1-Oct.-2010
She did this after interviewing me on her program in March
of 2011, the place I defined the necessity for extra samples of this type. To hearken to
the interview, go to www.cbc.ca/spark/2011/03/spark-142-march-27-30-2011, then scroll
down until you see “YouTube Dialects Map”, or seek for “YouTube Dialects Map”
or “Rick Aschmann”. The interview might be heard by clicking the hyperlink beneath the
paragraph.
Should you grew up in a single explicit place in Canada or the
U.S., then I’d very very like a pattern from you. Particularly, if you happen to
lived in a single city for many of your childhood, particularly between the ages of
5 and 15, and converse like folks from that place, then you have to be a terrific
pattern. (That’s, until you tried to consciously change your accent after
that: I do know a gal who moved from the South to the Midland earlier than her senior
yr of highschool, and she or he was subjected to a lot ridicule that she
utterly modified her manner of talking.) And clearly, if you happen to moved round a
lot all through your childhood, then you definately received’t actually work for my map.
You are able to do only a easy recording, like Nora did, as brief
or so long as you want, simply telling a bit about your self and the place you grew
up. Or, if you wish to be fairly thorough about it, or simply don’t know what to
say, I’ve ready a model of Goldilocks and the Three Bears (barely expanded to
embrace sure key phrases) you can learn. This fashion if I have to examine a
explicit phrase to nail down the dialect of your hometown I will. Both manner, please you’ll want to say the place you grew up,
and if just for a part of your childhood, from what age to what age.
Your entire clips despatched in like this might be labeled
“(Self-recording for this website. Thanks!)” in
the desk beneath, so that may make them simple to seek out. 30-Mar.-2011
Notice to Canadians: Nora factors out that Canadians are
at the moment underrepresented on the map. So, that is your probability to alter that!
Ship in your samples!
Right here you may hear audio
samples of various native dialects. These are all discovered on the Web:
So far as attainable these have been restricted to individuals who
have been raised within the location, and in lots of circumstances have lived there almost all
their lives, and have presumably retained the native dialect, besides the place
indicated. (For many of those folks, their birthplace and life historical past might be
discovered on en.wikipedia.org, or on the hyperlinks offered.) Gadgets
in pink are uncertain as to whether or not they
symbolize precisely the dialect indicated, or, within the case of the rejected samples at
the underside of the chart, undoubtedly don’t symbolize their native dialect. 1-July-2010
DISCLAIMER: I don’t essentially agree with the entire
folks talking right here: I’ve merely chosen them pretty much as good examples of their
dialect! Nor does the truth that lots of them are politicians point out that
I significantly like politicians: The very fact is that politicians are likely to retain
their native dialect greater than different public professions (actors, artists), to
preserve their identification with the locals. Additionally, they speak in public so much, so
the info is available. Nation singers and southern gospel singers additionally
are typically dependable,[31]
and I like them higher than politicians. Considerably surprisingly to me, NASCAR
racers appear to be very dependable, additionally: though they journey so much for the
races, they have an inclination to boost their households of their previous residence city, from
era to era, and don’t care within the least how they speak! 4-Aug.-2010
You may additionally discover that I choose older folks to youthful
folks. That is just because there was much more dialect mixing amongst
the youthful era than in earlier generations.
As talked about above, the pronunciation
of among the names is given after the identify. If anybody thinks I’ve the
pronunciation of a spot mistaken, please let me
know! 3-July-2010
Individual(s)
Location
State or Province
Supply
1
Unnamed lady, twister survivor
Albertville
Alabama
YouTube video Extraordinarily pure instance of Inland Southern! 19-Mar.-2012
2
Bobby Edwards, nation singer
Anniston
Alabama
YouTube video (Clearly Lowland, occasional “northern”
lengthy /ī/
[aɪ] vowels)
16-Mar.-2010
3
White male, pupil, born 1988
Auburn
Alabama
IDEA audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
4
Eric Bennett, southern gospel singer
Battleground
Alabama
YouTube video (clip at 1:16), YouTube
video, YouTube video, YouTube
video (more info). He’s utterly constant when he speaks,
each single /ī/
vowel is [a], however sometimes he comes out with [aɪ] when he sings, although I solely hear it on the final
clip. What an incredible bass voice! 16-Sep.-2014
5
U.S. consultant Spencer Bachus
Birmingham
Alabama
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) 31-Dec.-2011
6
Bobby Bowden, soccer coach
Birmingham
Alabama
7
U.S. senator Richard Shelby
Birmingham
Alabama
YouTube video 7-Nov.-2009
8
White male, pupil, born 1980
Brewton
Alabama
IDEA audio (source)
This speaker doesn’t drop r’s, suggesting that the youthful era no
longer speaks Classical Southern. Nonetheless, I visited Brewton in February of
2012, and spent fairly a little bit of time with an older gentleman who was born and
raised there, and who does converse Classical Southern, and talked briefly with
others who additionally do, making it clear that that is a part of the Classical
Southern space with older r-droppers.
15-Sep.-2014
9
Governor Robert Bentley
Columbiana
Alabama
YouTube video 11-July-2011
10
Governor George Wallace
Clio
Alabama
YouTube video Classical Southern! 8-Dec.-2014
11
Charlie Hodge, Elvis affiliate
Decatur
Alabama
YouTube
video 30-Jan.-2010
12
William Bradford Huie, journalist & author
Decatur (Hartselle)
Alabama
YouTube video (Older r-dropper retaining Classical Southern, though youthful ones have
apparently utterly misplaced it!) 12-Dec.-2011
13
Governor Jim Folsom, Sr.
Elba
Alabama
audio links 30-Jan.-2010
14
White male, pupil, born 1981
Elberta
Alabama
IDEA audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
15
Chris Yeager, highschool soccer coach
Fairview
Alabama
YouTube video (more info) Inland Southern.
4-Nov.-2015
16
Sam Phillips, file producer
Florence
Alabama
YouTube video 30-Jan.-2010
17
Ron Sparks, Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and
Industries
Fort Payne
Alabama
18
Randy Owen, nation singer
Fort Payne
Alabama
YouTube video I might clearly have picked any of 100
different songs, however moreover being a cool tune this one clearly demonstrates his
Inland Southern, additionally heard on this interview: YouTube
video (His clip begins at 3:10.)
12-July-2011
19
Steve Grissom, NASCAR driver
Alabama
YouTube video (clip at 9:30) (more info) 19-Mar.-2012
20
Sonny James Loden, nation singer
Alabama
YouTube video 7-Nov.-2009
21
Metropolis council assembly
Alabama
YouTube video All audio system clearly Inland North! 7-Nov.-2009
22
Charlie Louvin, nation singer
Alabama
YouTube video 10-Mar.-2010
23
Jimmy Means, NASCAR driver
Huntsville
Alabama
YouTube
video Born and raised in Huntsville, and clearly speaks Inland
Southern, whereas Bud Cramer within the subsequent pattern was additionally born and raised
right here, however speaks Lowland Southern. This means that the distinction relies upon
on the Possible
Southern Class Distinction? (I had beforehand doubted if Jimmy Means
actually was raised right here, however I’ve seen varied internet sites that make it clear
that he was.) 4-Nov.-2015
24
U.S. consultant Bud Cramer
Alabama
25
Butch Foster, salesman on the Carl Cannon auto dealership
Jasper
Alabama
YouTube video 19-Mar.-2012
26
Larry, salesman on the Carl Cannon auto dealership
Jasper
Alabama
YouTube video 19-Mar.-2012
27
White feminine, born and raised in Lanett
Lanett
Alabama
IDEA audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
28
Eugene Walter, author
Cell
Alabama
YouTube video 7-Dec.-2009
29
Robert Lightfoot, Marshall Area Flight Heart director
Montevallo
Alabama
YouTube video 10-Mar.-2010
30
Lt. Gov. Jim Folsom, Jr.
Montgomery
Alabama
31
Robby Franklin, twister survivor
Odenville
Alabama
YouTube video Brief, however clearly Inland. 19-Mar.-2012
32
Steve Patton, soccer coach
Oneonta
Alabama
33
Tammy Wynette, nation singer
Redbay
Alabama
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink, after contributor Ben
Moore suggested me that it was dangerous. Thanks!) That is an early interview, and is
fairly constantly Inland Southern, e.g. “pipe” at 2:28, “like” at 2:33 and
3:20. This interview is way later: YouTube
video, and is far more Lowland Southern. It isn’t too shocking that
she would possibly modify in later life, provided that she grew up proper on the border. Adj. 13-Sep.-2017
34
Charlie Louvin, nation singer
Part
Alabama
35
Jay Barker, soccer participant
Trussville
Alabama
36
William Christenberry, artist
Tuscaloosa
Alabama
YouTube video (Classical
Southern, occasional “northern” lengthy /ī/ [aɪ]
vowels) 16-Mar.-2010
37
Jodie Farnetti, soccer coach’s daughter
West Blocton
Alabama
Info & video (more info) She is clearly Inland, and the second hyperlink
makes it clear that she was born and raised right here. Nonetheless, see the subsequent two
clips for dialogue of this distinctive place.
4-Nov.-2015
38
Varied highschool soccer gamers
West Blocton
Alabama
YouTube video All white audio system clearly converse Inland Southern,
although the blacks converse Lowland, as anticipated. (Coach Chris Yeager is
apparently not from right here, however as an alternative is from Fairview in Cullman County, see
his entry above.) See the subsequent clip for a full dialogue. 4-Nov.-2015
39
Varied veterans and officers
West Blocton
Alabama
YouTube video Not like the earlier two clips, all of those
audio system, each white and (as anticipated) black converse Lowland Southern. So what
offers? Is there a social class distinction among the many whites? (See Possible
Southern Class Distinction.) I don’t see it: why would veterans be
greater class than soccer coaches and gamers? It doesn’t make sense.
Nonetheless, it’s clear that there are important numbers of each Inland and
Lowland white audio system on this small city, with the entire blacks talking
Lowland. Maybe one a part of the puzzle is that the city was settled properly
after the Civil Struggle as a coal-mining neighborhood (see Southern Areas Settled after the Civil War),
however this issue doesn’t assist a lot both, since the entire different examples of
this converse solely Lowland! It should stay a thriller for now. 4-Nov.-2015
40
Winton Blount, politician
Union Springs
Alabama
YouTube video 16-Mar.-2010
41
U.S. senator Mark Begich
Anchorage
Alaska
42
John Binkley, politician
Fairbanks
Alaska
43
Jake Metcalfe, politician
Juneau
Alaska
44
Sarah Palin, governor of Alaska, V.P. candidate
Wasilla
Alaska
YouTube
video (Begins speech at 4:43.) (Changed useless hyperlink.) Sarah Palin talks like she’s from (northern) Minnesota! The unique
hyperlink, now useless, was despatched in by Annie Wang (thanks!), however this search hyperlink
exhibits the huge quantity of debate on this topic. On another web site it says she talks like she’s from Fargo,
North Dakota (really, just like the folks within the film Fargo, really filmed
in Minnesota)! Actually, it seems that the realm of Alaska round Wasilla
and Palmer is far more just like the North Central dialect than it’s like different
Alaska dialects. [32]
On
the web site above linguist James
Crippen describes this dialect as Mat-Su Valley English, after the Matanuska-Susitna
Valley the place it’s spoken. James Crippen has now kindly offered me with
data that enables me to set its borders pretty precisely. He says that
it most likely extends no additional west than Willow, no farther northeast than
Sutton, and might be dying out in a lot of the realm anyway, due to a
continued inflow of individuals from different components of Alaska.
So
why do they speak like this? As a result of this space was virtually completely settled
in the course of the Nice Despair by folks from Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan
as a part of a federal mission. Historic data might be discovered on this Wikipedia
article, and on this page despatched in by contributor Susan Alexander. Thanks! 23-Apr.-2011
45
Wayne Salmans, realtor
Wasilla
Alaska
YouTube video One other good instance of the unique Mat-Su
Valley English. 4-Mar.-2011
46
Ralph Klein, provincial premier
Calgary
Alberta
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2011
47
Diane Sandbrand, contributor
Consort /kŏnsərt/ [ˈkʰɒnsɚt]
Alberta
YouTube video (Self-recording for this website. Thanks!)
(Clip initially posted right here 30-Apr.-2011. Corrected spelling of final identify
(sorry!) and added pronunciation of city 2015.)
29-Aug.-2015
48
Andy Devine, actor
Kingman
Arizona
YouTube video (Chubby man with odd voice. Additionally performs
Friar Tuck on Disney’s Robin Hood.)
1-Sep.-2009
49
Carlos Nakai, Native American flutist
Flagstaff
Arizona
YouTube video 26-Sep.-2009
50
U.S. consultant Ann Kirkpatrick
McNary
Arizona
YouTube video 1-Sep.-2009
51
Joan Ganz Cooney, Sesame Road creator
Phoenix
Arizona
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
52
Transportation Sec. Mary Peters
Phoenix
Arizona
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
53
Karen Womack Vold, rodeo trick rider
Phoenix
Arizona
National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum interview
(Supply recommended by archivist Laura Anne Heller. Thanks!) 30-Apr.-2011
54
U.S. senator Dennis DeConcini
Tucson
Arizona
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
55
Rex Allen, western actor
Willcox
Arizona
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
56
Ernest Tsosie, Navajo comic
Window Rock
Arizona
YouTube video (more info)
26-Sep.-2009
57
Caroline Alfaro, therapeutic massage pupil
Yuma
Arizona
YouTube video 23-Sep.-2010
58
Larry Ward, pastor and singer
Conway
Arkansas
I Bowed on My Knees and Cried Holy: YouTube
video, My Chains Are Gone: YouTube
video – (more info). 12-Might-2015
59
Pamela Nacke, contributor
Damascus
Arkansas
Audio (Self-recording for this website. Thanks!) Pamela
clearly speaks Inland Southern (a extra western selection), as anticipated, although
she appears to be most constant in her lengthy /ī/ [a]
vowels within the studying of the Goldilocks story.
23-July-2011
60
White male, born 1980
DeVall’s Bluff
Arkansas
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
61
Johnny Money, nation singer
Dyess
Arkansas
YouTube video (Fastened mistaken hyperlink.) This interview exhibits
Johnny together with his native dialect, which is difficult to catch, since in each his
songs and his interviews he usually appears to suppress it. It’s clearly
Lowland. This tune most likely exhibits it greatest, although even right here it isn’t as
southern because the interview: YouTube
video. 1-Might-2012
62
Bear Bryant, soccer coach
Fordyce
Arkansas
63
Tracy Lawrence, nation singer
Foreman
Arkansas
YouTube video Totally Inland aside from the phrase
“lifer”, which he pronounces the Lowland manner, not shocking contemplating how
near the border he’s! 16-Jan.-2012
64
State senator Kim Hendren
Gravette /grăvĭt/ [ˈɡɹævɪt]
Arkansas
YouTube video (Pronunciation discovered here.) 14-Jan.-2013
65
U.S. senator Blanche Lincoln
Helena
Arkansas
YouTube video 23-June-2010
66
U.S. president Invoice Clinton
Scorching Springs
Arkansas
YouTube
video 13-Might-2009
67
Houston Nutt, school soccer coach[33]
Little Rock
Arkansas
68
Jerry Jones, Dallas Cowboys proprietor [33]
Little Rock
Arkansas
69
White feminine, born 1947, medical technician[34]
Little Rock
Arkansas
IDEA audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
70
State consultant Lane Jean
Magnolia
Arkansas
YouTube video 24-Sep.-2015
71
Ben Coulter, nation singer
Montrose
Arkansas
YouTube video 24-Sep.-2015
72
White male, born 1982, pupil
Palestine
Arkansas
IDEA audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
73
Levon Helm, singer and musician
Turkey Scratch
Arkansas
YouTube video 27-Nov.-2012
74
Ben Rutledge, Olympic rower
Cranbrook
British Columbia
75
Ian Tyson, singer-songwriter
Duncan
British Columbia
YouTube video 6-Sep.-2011
76
Jay Hill, M.P.
Fort St. John
British Columbia
YouTube video 6-Dec.-2010
77
Nilesh Patel /nĭlĕsh pətĕl/ [nɪˈlɛʃ pʰəˈtʰɛl],
filmmaker
Prince George
British Columbia
YouTube
video 24-Jan.-2011
78
Cam Clayton, pupil
Sechelt /sēshĕlt/ [ˈsiˌʃɛlt]
British Columbia
YouTube video (Oops, video appears to have been eliminated.)
(Self-recording for this website. Thanks!)
29-Aug.-2015
79
Michael Bublé /bōōblā/ [ˈbuˌbleɪ],
huge band singer, actor
Vancouver
British Columbia
YouTube
video 24-Jan.-2011
80
Carey Worth, professional hockey participant
Anahim Lake
British Columbia
81
Lori McCreary, film producer
Antioch
California
YouTube video 30-Apr.-2011
82
Caitlin Flanagan, writer
Berkeley
California
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”. 1-Nov.-2010
83
Alex Skolnick, guitarist
Berkeley
California
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”. 1-Nov.-2010
84
37 year-old male, native Los Angelino, “half white and
half American Indian”. Surfer.
Canoga Park
California
IDEA audio (source)
(Despatched in by M.M. Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2013
85
Dave Brubeck, jazz musician
Harmony
California
YouTube video (His clip begins at 5:40.) (more info)
“On” rhymes with “Daybreak”, not “Don”. 14-Mar.-2012
86
Lincoln Lageson, movie and tv producer
Crockett
California
National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum interview
(Supply recommended by archivist Laura Anne Heller. Thanks!) “cot”≠“caught”, however they’re very
shut, as is likely to be anticipated on the very fringe of the dialect space, and “on”
rhymes with “Daybreak”, not “Don”, although you must hear very near be certain!
30-Apr.-2011
87
Don Hertzfeldt, brief animated movie maker
Fremont
California
YouTube video 23-June-2009
88
U.S. consultant Jim Costa
Fresno
California
YouTube video 25-Sep.-2010
89
Chuck Poochigian, choose
Fresno
California
YouTube video 25-Sep.-2010
90
Jack Del Rio, professional soccer coach
Hayward
California
video “On” rhymes
with “Daybreak”, not “Don”. 23-June-2009
91
Conor Chinn, professional soccer participant
La Jolla /lə hoiə/ [lə ˈhɔɪə]
California
YouTube video 11-July-2011
92
David Strathairn, actor
Larkspur
California
YouTube video (more info) 15-Sep.-2014
93
Varied
Livermore
California
94
U.S. consultant Jack Kemp
Los Angeles
California
YouTube video (Clip begins at 1:39.) Based on contributor
M.M., Kemp “could be labeled as normal American/impartial accent by
Californians themselves”. Contributor Shulamit
Widawsky additionally doesn’t think about him a consultant pattern. Even so, he
clearly has “cot”=“caught”, and retains sure different distinctive California
options. 3-June-2011
95
John MacArthur, pastor
Los Angeles (varied shut suburbs)
California
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) (more
info) 16-Jan.-2012
96
Kari Byron, Mythbusters
host
Los Gatos /lŏs gătəs/ [ˌlɒs ˈɡæɾəs][35]
California
97
Sarah Austin, different media
Mill Valley
California
YouTube video 23-June-2009
98
White feminine, twenties, born 1981, pupil. Dialect
typical of age group.
Mission Viejo
California
IDEA audio (source)
(Despatched in by M.M. Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2013
99
Kenny Roberts, Sr., motorbike racer
Modesto
California
YouTube video (more info) 25-Sep.-2010
100
Nick Lazzarini, dancer
Mountain View
California
YouTube video. 18-July-2013
101
Frank Chin, author
Oakland
California
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”, not “Don”.
“Leading edge”: that’s, peculiar and barely crude. 2-3 minutes are sufficient! 23-June-2009
102
U.S. Legal professional Common Edwin Meese
Oakland
California
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”. 13-June-2009
103
“Crash Holly” (Mike Lockwood), “professional” wrestler
Pacifica
California
YouTube video 25-Sep.-2010
104
William Shockley, physicist & inventor
Palo Alto
California
YouTube video. 18-July-2013
105
Invoice Martin, weatherman
Paradise
California
YouTube video (more
info) (Urged by Noah Zimmerman. Thanks!)
10-Mar.-2011
106
Clint Eastwood, actor
Piedmont
California
YouTube video (Changed clip.) “On” rhymes with “Don”,
not “Daybreak”. 31-Dec.-2011
107
Ashley Parker Angel, pop singer
Redding
California
YouTube video 25-Oct.-2010
108
Jeff Sutherland, Jeff’s
Star Discuss
Richmond
California
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”, not “Don”. (more info, changed dangerous hyperlink.) 10-Might-2011
109
Lynn Anderson, nation singer & equestrian
Sacramento (Honest Oaks)
California
National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum interview
(Supply recommended by archivist Laura Anne Heller. Thanks!) 22-Apr.-2011
110
Suzanne Somers, actress
San Bruno
California
YouTube video 25-Sep.-2010
111
Rex Walheim, astronaut
San Carlos
California
YouTube video 23-June-2009
112
Dana Carvey, comic
San Carlos
California
YouTube video 23-June-2009
113
Cathy Scott, writer
San Diego
California
YouTube video “pin”≠“pen”,
however “any”, “many”, and so on. are pronounced “inny”. 26-Sep.-2009
114
Jolene Blalock, actress
San Diego
California
YouTube video “pin”≠“pen”.
Changed dangerous hyperlink. 4-Mar.-2011
115
Jerry Brown, lawyer basic, and so on.
San Francisco
California
YouTube
video “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”, not “Don”.
116
Pat Brown, governor
San Francisco
California
YouTube
video “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”, not “Don”.
117
U.S. senator Dianne Feinstein
San Francisco
California
YouTube
video “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”, not “Don”.
118
Benjamin Bratt, actor
San Francisco
California
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”. 28-Sep.-2009
119
Steve Jobs, Apple co-founder
San Francisco
California
YouTube
video (more
info) Oops! I appear to have been mistaken about Steve Jobs! He lived in San
Francisco till he was 5, and solely then moved to Mountain View, however he
appears to have retained the cot/caught distinction from S.F., as a result of it’s
not really discovered within the Mountain View space, as Nick Lazzarini and William
Shockley present. “On” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”. 18-July-2013
120
U.S. Transp. Sec. Norman Mineta
San José
California
YouTube video 13-June-2009
121
Alicia Silverstone, actress
San Mateo
California
YouTube video “cot”≠“caught”,
“on” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”, however not clear
when she moved from San Francisco!
25-Sep.-2010
122
Merv Griffin, tv host
San Mateo
California
YouTube video “cot”≠“caught”,
“on” rhymes with “Don”, not “Daybreak”.13-June-2009
123
Brad Lewis, film producer
San Mateo
California
YouTube video, video Oops! Thought had “cot”=“caught”, however “cot”≠“caught”, “on” rhymes with “Don”,
not “Daybreak”. 25-Sep.-2010
124
Heather Fargo, former mayor of Sacramento
Stockton
California
YouTube video 25-Oct.-2010
125
Ed Rollins, marketing campaign marketing consultant
Vallejo
California
YouTube video 23-June-2009
126
Eric Willett /wǐlĕt/ [wɪˈlɛt], snowboarder
Breckenridge
Colorado
YouTube video (more info) 21-Dec.-2010
127
Wealthy “Goose” Gossage, pitcher
Colorado Springs
Colorado
128
Ace Younger, singer
Denver
Colorado
YouTube video 26-Sep.-2009
129
U.S. consultant Tom Tancredo
Denver
Colorado
130
State consultant Randy Fischer
Fort Collins
Colorado
YouTube video 26-Sep.-2009
131
U.S. consultant Scott McInnis
Glenwood Springs
Colorado
YouTube video 26-Sep.-2009
132
Dalton Trumbo, movie director
Grand Junction
Colorado
YouTube video 26-Sep.-2009
133
Rebecca Dussault, excessive athlete
Gunnison
Colorado
YouTube video 7-Dec.-2009
134
Colleen Piatt, grocery retailer proprietor
Hasty
Colorado
video & info
(Despatched in by Kirk Sniff. Thanks!) She is unquestionably a local, in line with
contributor Kirk Sniff. He isn’t certain about Ralph Hogue, and Ralph’s
pronunciation means that he is likely to be from someplace extra south and east,
since he has extra secondary options of Inland Southern, although not
technically Inland Southern based mostly on his lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)]
vowels. 21-Sep.-2011
135
State senator Kenneth Kester
Cañon Metropolis /kănyən sĭtē/ [ˈkʰænjən
ˈsɪɾi]
Colorado
YouTube video Oops! I had listed him as being from Lamar,
however this web site offers the straight scoop! 21-Sep.-2011
136
Scott Elarton, professional baseball participant
Lamar
Colorado
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2011
137
Kory Sperry, professional soccer participant
Pueblo /pwĕblō/ [ˈpʰwɛbloʊ]
Colorado
YouTube video 21-Sep.-2011
138
Drew Dix, Medal of Honor winner
Pueblo
Colorado
video & info
Oops! For some cause I had listed him as having “pin”≠“pen”, however in listening once more I discover that he has
“pin”=“pen”, similar to the opposite samples from the Pueblo space! 21-Sep.-2011
139
State consultant Wes McKinley
Walsh
Colorado
140
State consultant Andrew Roraback
Goshen
Connecticut
YouTube video (more info)
(Despatched in by Darren Farrington. Thanks!)
24-Jan.-2011
141
State consultant Joe Courtney
Hartford
Connecticut
YouTube video (clip at 2:51)
3-Apr.-2010
142
Katharine Hepburn, actress
Hartford
Connecticut
Older r-dropper: YouTube
video Drops r’s superbly, however clearly native, not Mid-Atlantic,
since she follows the Windfall sample, with “cart”=“cot”. 3-Apr.-2010
143
Ken Sullivan, Director of utilities
Jewett Metropolis
Connecticut
YouTube video Clearly drops r’s, although solely partially.
3-Apr.-2010
144
Governor Ruth Ann Minner
Milford
Delaware
145
Kevin Mench, professional baseball participant
Newark
Delaware
YouTube video 19-Feb.-2011
146
Barbara Delledonne, involved citizen
Wilmington
Delaware
YouTube video (Despatched in by Joseph DeSebasco. Thanks!) 14-Apr.-2011
147
State consultant Nick Manolakos
Wilmington
Delaware
YouTube video (Despatched in by Joseph DeSebasco. Thanks!) 14-Apr.-2011
148
Metropolis council member Kevin Kelley
Wilmington
Delaware
YouTube video (Despatched in by Joseph DeSebasco. Thanks!) 14-Apr.-2011
149
U.S. senator John Warner
Washington
District of Columbia
YouTube
video (Older r-dropper retaining Classical
Southern, though youthful ones have apparently utterly misplaced it!) 15-Sep.-2014
150
Mayor John Land
Apopka
Florida
video & info
(Older speaker retaining Lowland Southern, though youthful ones have
apparently utterly misplaced it! He doesn’t converse Classical, since he doesn’t
drop r’s.) 15-Sep.-2014
151
Linda Williams, president, Desoto County Chamber of
Commerce
Arcadia
Florida
YouTube video (First clip begins at 0:32, however reappears
all through.) (Older speaker retaining Lowland Southern. It’s unclear how the
youthful ones who grew up there converse, since many of the different audio system present
indicators of being transplants! 8-Aug.-2014
152
Howard Melton, Arcadia historian
Arcadia
Florida
YouTube video (First clip begins at 1:01, however reappears
all through.) (Older speaker retaining Lowland Southern. It’s unclear how the
youthful ones who grew up there converse, since many of the different audio system present
indicators of being transplants! 8-Aug.-2014
153
Buck Showalter, professional baseball supervisor
Century
Florida
YouTube video (His first clip is 6:00-13:30.) 31-Aug.-2013
154
The Bellamy Brothers, nation singers
Darby
Florida
YouTube video (Older audio system retaining Lowland Southern,
though youthful ones might have utterly misplaced it!) 23-Sep.-2015
155
Gregg Allman, rock singer
Daytona Seashore
Florida
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
156
Invoice France, Jr., NASCAR govt
Daytona Seashore
Florida
YouTube video (His clip is at 1:38.) (Changed useless
hyperlink.) 10-Feb.-2011
157
Jonathan Cohn, writer & journalist
Fort Lauderdale
Florida
YouTube video 23-July-2009
158
Tom Petty, rock singer
Gainesville
Florida
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
159
Marty Raybon, nation singer
Jacksonville
Florida
YouTube video 7-Nov.-2009
160
Donnie Van Zant, nation singer
Jacksonville
Florida
YouTube video (more
info) 30-Jan.-2010
161
Lee Ann Womack, nation singer
Jacksonville
Florida
YouTube video. 6-Sep.-2013
162
State rep. Leonard Bembry
Jasper
Florida
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
163
Albert Mohler, president of Southern Baptist Theological
Seminary
Lakeland
Florida
YouTube video This pulls the pin-pen line down very shut
to Tampa, however Tampa continues to be clearly beneath it, because the samples present. 9-Sep.-2013
164
Danny Lipford, TV handyman
Marianna
Florida
YouTube video 5-July-2010
165
Michael Wynne, USAF Secretary
Melbourne
Florida
YouTube video 24-Oct.-2009
U.S. senator Invoice Nelson [36]
Melbourne
Florida
YouTube
video 23-June-2010
166
Roy Sekoff, Web journalist
Miami
Florida
YouTube video 23-July-2009
167
Decide Alex Ferrer, TV choose
Miami
Florida
YouTube video (His clip actually begins at 1:45) 20-Mar.-2012
168
Ron Dermer, Israeli politician
Miami Seashore
Florida
YouTube video 23-July-2009
169
Lauren Brooke, “professional” wrestling interviewer
Orlando
Florida
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
170
Wilma Burgess, nation singer
Orlando
Florida
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
171
Clint Daniels, nation singer
Panama Metropolis
Florida
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
172
David Eckstein, professional baseball participant
Sanford
Florida
173
Emilie Richards, writer
St. Petersburg
Florida
video & info 23-July-2009
174
Mayor Invoice Foster
St. Petersburg
Florida
YouTube video, YouTube
video Tampa and St. Petersburg mainly represent one metropolitan
space, so it’s shocking that in St. Pete “on” rhymes with “Don”, whereas in
Tampa “on” rhymes with “Daybreak”. I simply thought I’d confirm this by discovering
extra examples, and the brand new examples affirm it. 31-Aug.-2013
175
Lynne Koplitz, comedienne
Sarasota
Florida
YouTube video 23-July-2009
176
Will Kirby, TV physician
Tallahassee
Florida
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
177
U.S. consultant Kathy Castor
Tampa
Florida
YouTube video 23-July-2009
178
Mayor Pam Iorio
Tampa
Florida
YouTube video Tampa and St. Petersburg mainly
represent one metropolitan space, so it’s shocking that in St. Pete “on”
rhymes with “Don”, whereas in Tampa “on” rhymes with “Daybreak”. I simply thought I
would confirm this by discovering extra examples, and the brand new examples affirm it. 31-Aug.-2013
179
Kyle Minor, writer
West Palm Seashore
Florida
YouTube video 23-July-2009
180
Jerry Reed, nation singer
Atlanta
Georgia
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) (Older r-dropper
retaining Classical Southern, though most youthful ones have apparently utterly
misplaced it!) 5-Nov.-2015
181
Bobby Jones, early professional golfer
Atlanta
Georgia
YouTube video (Older r-dropper retaining Classical Southern, though most youthful ones have apparently utterly
misplaced it!) 5-Nov.-2015
182
Artwork Williams, billionaire
Cairo /kārō/ [ˈkʰeɪˌɹoʊ]
Georgia
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) (Speech begins at
2:50) more info 9-Mar.-2012
183
Lari Goss, southern gospel singer
Cartersville
Georgia
YouTube video (more info)
31-Aug.-2013
184
Mallory Hope, nation singer
Cohutta /kəhŭtə/ [kʰəˈhʌɾə]
Georgia
YouTube video Inland!
1-Nov.-2011
185
Zac Brown, nation singer
Cumming
Georgia
YouTube video 23-July-2011
186
Invoice Elliott, NASCAR driver
Dawsonville
Georgia
187
Josh & Dana Shields, southern gospel singers
Flintstone
Georgia
188
Clifton H. Johnson, historian
Griffin
Georgia
YouTube video (clip begins at 4:10) (more info) Classical Southern!
13-June-2015
189
Luke Bryan, nation singer
Leesburg
Georgia
YouTube video 23-July-2011
190
The Marksmen Quartet, southern gospel singers
Murrayville
Georgia
YouTube video, audio & info Within the first video the lead (second from
left) is Earle Wheeler, and he a minimum of is unquestionably from Murrayville and
speaks Inland Southern. The group has modified so much, although Earle continues to be in
it, although he’s wanting fairly aged.
24-Sep.-2015
191
Lewis Grizzard, humor columnist
Newnan (Moreland)
Georgia
YouTube
video A superb instance of Classical Southern. 20-Mar.-2012
192
Col. Joe Jackson, Air Pressure pilot
Newnan
Georgia
YouTube
video His speech is relatively variable; it tends to sound extra
Classical Southern in the direction of the tip.
20-Mar.-2012
193
Alan Jackson, nation singer
Newnan
Georgia
YouTube video He’s clearly Lowland Southern, with no
obvious r-dropping regardless of being on the sting of the Classical Southern
area. YouTube
video On this tune he sings constant Lowland Southern, with no obvious
r-dropping. YouTube video On this tune he mixes Inland and Lowland;
it appears to me that the one phrase he drops the r in is “southern”. 13-June-2015
194
U.S. president Jimmy Carter
Plains
Georgia
YouTube video Classical Southern! 23-Sep.-2015
195
U.S. First Woman Rosalynn Carter
Plains
Georgia
YouTube video Classical Southern! 23-Sep.-2015
196
Sonny Seiler, well-known canine proprietor
Savannah
Georgia
YouTube video Classical Southern with particular Savannah
options! 23-Sep.-2015
197
Cross Ties Band, bluegrass singers
Waco
Georgia
YouTube video, YouTube
video (more info) Clearly
Inland Southern. To not be confused with the Virginia Cross Ties, who’re
from Coeburn, Virginia. (I’ve but to discover a good clear video of them.) At
least one website online confuses the 2, attaching “Virginia” to the Georgia
group: Video;
the Inland Southern is especially noticeable within the introduction. New! 29-Sep.-2017
198
Hinton Mitchem, Alabama state senator
Watkinsville
Georgia
YouTube video (more info) 7-Dec.-2009
199
U.S. senator Mike Crapo
Idaho Falls
Idaho
200
Dale Harwood, saddle maker
Soda Springs
Idaho
YouTube video (more info) 30-Nov.-2010
201
State Sen. Gary Gorby
Anna
Illinois
YouTube video 22-July-2009
202
Buddy Ebsen, actor
Belleville
Illinois
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
203
Tommy Johnagin, comic
Benton
Illinois
YouTube video 8-Jan.-2011
204
Invoice Grammer, Nation Singer
Benton
Illinois
YouTube video 8-Jan.-2011
205
Varied residents
Brookport
Illinois
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 16-Feb.-2010
206
Shawn Watson, soccer coach
Carbondale
Illinois
207
Alison Krauss, nation singer
Champaign
Illinois
YouTube video 12-Nov.-2010
208
Richard M. Daley, mayor
Chicago /shĭkôgə/ [ʃɪˈkʰɒɡə]
or /shĭkôgō/
[ʃɪˈkʰɒˌɡo],
minority /shĭkŏgō/
[ʃɪˈkʰaˌɡo]
Illinois
YouTube video (See How I Use the
IPA for a dialogue of the pronunciation of this metropolis.) 10-Feb.-2011
209
George Gobel, comic
Chicago
Illinois
YouTube video 1-Jan.-2010
210
Dick Van Dyke, actor
Danville
Illinois
YouTube video Changed useless video hyperlink! 11-Jan.-2011
211
James Loewen, sociologist
Decatur
Illinois
YouTube video 12-Nov.-2010
212
U.S. president Ronald Reagan
Dixon
Illinois
YouTube video (more
info) 19-Oct.-2010
213
Jimmy Kite, NASCAR driver
Effingham
Illinois
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2011
214
Matt Hughes, combined martial artist
Hillsboro
Illinois
YouTube video Function mannequin: “I would like my youngsters to take a look at me
and do as I do, say as I say.” 11-Jan.-2011
215
Jerry Barber, professional golfer
Jacksonville
Illinois
YouTube video :34-1:12
11-Jan.-2011
216
Transportation Sec. Ray LaHood
Peoria
Illinois
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
217
D. A. Weibring, golfer
Quincy
Illinois
218
John Spring, mayor of Quincy, IL
Rock Island
Illinois
MSNBC video, NPR audio (Despatched in by Y.I. Thanks!) 24-June-2010
219
Mayor Timothy Davlin
Springfield
Illinois
YouTube video 9-Jan.-2010
220
Jack Benny, comic & actor
Waukegan
Illinois
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2013
221
Bob Woodward, reporter & writer
Wheaton
Illinois
video
& info (scroll right down to video) 9-Might-2011
222
Alan Baumler, writer
Wheaton
Illinois
YouTube video (Speech begins at 2:25) (Despatched in by Alan
Baumler. Thanks!) 16-Dec.-2011
223
Invoice Gaither, southern gospel singer
Alexandria
Indiana
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) 8-Might-2013
224
Sharon McShurley, mayor of Muncie
Anderson
Indiana
YouTube video, YouTube
video (Second clip despatched in by Brad King. Thanks!) Her secondary Southern options
are much less apparent than these of Invoice Gaither or Dennis Tyler, however they’re
actually there! 9-Might-2013
225
Orville Redenbacher, popcorn producer
Brazil
Indiana
YouTube video (Kinda
brief, however “pin”=“pen”!) 1-Mar.-2010
226
Max Starkey, believer
Bunker Hill
Indiana
YouTube video (His clip begins at 4:07). He sounds about
midway between Crystal Gayle (Wabash) and the cities to the south. 8-Dec.-2014
227
Jamie Hyneman, Mythbuster
Columbus
Indiana
YouTube video 25-Sep.-2010
228
Mayor Jonathan Weinzapfel
Evansville
Indiana
YouTube video 20-Jan.-2010
229
Mayor Tom Henry
Fort Wayne
Indiana
YouTube video 16-Feb.-2010
230
Larry Hen, professional basketball participant
French Lick
Indiana
YouTube video Southern Indiana speaks Lowland Southern! I
had heard this for a very long time, and have been on the lookout for samples, and
lastly discovered one. Consider it or not, Larry Hen’s nickname is “The hick from
French Lick”! 4-Sep.-2012
231
Gary Nabhan, ethnobotanist
Gary
Indiana
YouTube video 15-Dec.-2010
232
Don Williams, astronaut
Inexperienced Hill
Indiana
YouTube video (His clips: 17:55-19:15 and 20:15-21:38) This
appears to be the highest left nook of the “pin”=“pen” space! 2-Feb.-2011
233
U.S. senator Richard Lugar
Indianapolis
Indiana
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
234
Dennis Tyler, mayor
Muncie
Indiana
YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video, YouTube
video (Clips despatched in by Brad King. Thanks!) (more
info) It’s superb what number of secondary options of Southern this speaker
has, and the way totally different he sounds from the Greenville, Ohio speaker. Invoice
Gaither from Alexandria sounds virtually precisely the identical. 9-Might-2013
235
State consultant Jackie Walorski
South Bend
Indiana
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2011
236
Mayor Joe Yochum
Vincennes
Indiana
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2013
237
Crystal Gayle, nation singer
Wabash
Indiana
YouTube video She undoubtedly has “pin”=“pen”, which is surprising,
being so near Fort Wayne. A contributor from Wabash has written to me to
say that individuals there sound Southern, and he could also be referring to “pin”=“pen”
and the truth that her lengthy /ō/ [oʊ]
vowel is barely extra fronted than Fort Wayne. In any case, this pushes the
pin-pen line fairly a bit farther north!
8-Dec.-2014
238
Ralph Braun, wheelchair accessible car producer
Winamac
Indiana
YouTube video Common American, uncommon in Indiana! 1-Jan.-2015
239
Brad Nelson, professional baseball participant
Algona
Iowa
YouTube video 11-Mar.-2016
240
Sam Kooiker /kwākər/ [ˈkʰweɪkɚ],
mayor of Speedy Metropolis, South Dakota
Boyden
Iowa
YouTube video (His clip begins at 0:30.) (more info). 9-Mar.-2013
241
Dean Schwartz, ceramic artist
Cedar Rapids
Iowa
YouTube video Each his /ou/ [aʊ]
vowel and his /ō/
[oʊ] vowel are to date again that I initially thought
that Cedar Rapids was above the bite-bout line and above the pink dots, even
although the ANAE had put it beneath these traces, however on listening once more I
understand that they’re simply barely beneath them!
21-Dec.-2010
242
Donna Reed, actress
Dennison
Iowa
YouTube video 24-Jan.-2011
243
Pamela Gorman, politician
Des Moines
Iowa
YouTube video 1-Nov.-2010
244
Dayton Duncan, producer
Indianola
Iowa
YouTube video 1-Nov.-2010
245
Dr. William Lane Craig, theologian
Keokuk
Iowa
246
B. J. Hermsen
Masonville
Iowa
YouTube video 11-Mar.-2016
247
Phil Vischer, co-creator of VeggieTales
Muscatine /mǔskətēn/
[ˌmʌskəˈtʰin]
Iowa
YouTube video 21-Dec.-2010
248
Mike Johanns, Nebraska governor
Osage
Iowa
YouTube video 28-Oct.-2011
249
Mayor Dale Uehling
Ottumwa /ətǔmwə/ [əˈtʰʌmwə]
Iowa
video & info
(Despatched in by Kevin McMillin. Thanks!)
2-Feb.-2011
250
Carol Morris, Miss Universe 1956
Ottumwa
Iowa
251
Everly Brothers, rock singers
Shenandoah
Iowa
YouTube video When these guys sing, they use a transparent
Inland Southern accent (e.g. YouTube
video), however once they converse, as within the interview above, it’s clearly
Iowa. The one southernism they’ve is that “pin”=“pen”, however that is additionally
from this a part of Iowa, as seen by the next pattern. 12-July-2011
252
Charlie Haden, musician
Shenandoah
Iowa
YouTube video.
12-July-2011
253
U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower
Abilene
Kansas
YouTube video I discovered this higher clip of him, and
realized that he has “cot”≠“caught”!
His brother (beneath) does too. Even so, I want to discover different samples
from Abilene to verify this, because it makes the traces twist rather a lot! 18-Nov.-2011
254
Milton Eisenhower, college president, War Relocation Authority director
Abilene
Kansas
YouTube video.
18-Nov.-2011
255
Mark Schultz, modern Christian singer/songwriter
Colby
Kansas
YouTube video 6-Jan.-2012
256
Archbishop Charles Chaput /shəpōō/ [ʃəˈpʰu]
Concordia
Kansas
YouTube video I had not listened as clearly as I ought to
have, and thought that “cot”=“caught”, however it doesn’t, thereby offering a
bridge to Hays and Plainville! 18-Sep.-2010
257
David A. R. White, actor, producer
Dodge Metropolis
Kansas
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) 6-Jan.-2012
258
Chuck Reed, mayor of San Jose, CA
Backyard Metropolis
Kansas
259
Victor Ortiz, boxer
Backyard Metropolis
Kansas
260
John L. Allen, Jr., Journalist
Hays
Kansas
YouTube video 18-Sep.-2010
261
Varied locals
Hugoton /hyōōgətən/? [ˈhjuɡətən]?
Kansas
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 3-Dec.-2009
262
Billy Drago, actor
Hugoton
Kansas
YouTube video 3-Dec.-2009
263
Scott Heim, novelist
Hutchinson
Kansas
264
Ed Asner, actor
Kansas Metropolis
Kansas
265
Wantha Davis, jockey
Liberal
Kansas
YouTube video (Her clip begins at 3:40) (more info) She’s again! For a very long time this net
website was offline, and the video was unavailable, however each are actually out there once more!
This is excellent, as a result of she is certainly one of solely two samples for Liberal, which
is the one clear case of Inland Southern in Kansas. 27-Oct.-2011
266
Kasey Hayes, bull rider
Liberal
Kansas
YouTube video Barely inconsistent on his lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)] vowels, however clearly Inland South. (Despatched in by
Eli Ok. Thanks!) 24-Jan.-2011
267
Caucasian male
Oskaloosa
Kansas
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
268
Darren Bousman, movie director
Overland Park
Kansas
269
U.S. consultant Jerry Moran
Plainville
Kansas
YouTube video 18-Sep.-2010
270
Marlin Fitzwater, former White Home press sec.
Salina
Kansas
271
Mitch Holthus, soccer announcer
Smith Heart
Kansas
YouTube video I changed the video I had with this one
which is significantly better, and realized that “cot”≠“caught”
for him. This opens up the slim bridge to Hays and Plainville, which makes
extra sense. 15-Nov.-2011
272
Martina McBride, nation singer
Sharon
Kansas
YouTube video Changed dangerous hyperlink. 31-Might-2011
273
Andy McKee, guitarist
Topeka
Kansas
274
U.S. senator Pat Roberts
Topeka
Kansas
YouTube video 6-Jan.-2012
275
Jason Crabb, southern gospel singer
Beaver Dam
Kentucky
YouTube video 11-July-2009
276
Jimmy Wolford, singer songwriter, descendant of the feudin’
McCoys
Belfry
Kentucky
YouTube video (First clip begins at 1:00, however reappears
all through.) 30-Apr.-2010
277
County faculties personnel
Benton
Kentucky
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) Oops! This
video has been eliminated. In any case, I now suspect that Benton could be very a lot a
combined space (which shouldn’t be shocking seeing the complexity of the map
in that space), since I had a dialog with a local, and she or he undoubtedly
spoke Lowland Southern. 27-Oct.-2011
278
Jason Lambert, net entrepreneur
Bowling Inexperienced (Scottsville)
Kentucky
YouTube video (more info)
11-July-2009
279
David Williams, Kentucky Senate president
Burkesville
Kentucky
YouTube video 11-July-2009
280
Loretta Lynn, nation singer
Butcher Holler (formally Hole)
Kentucky
YouTube video, YouTube
video, I’ve lastly determined that for Loretta, “cot”≠“caught”. The issue is that she is inconsistent: In
each an early
and a recent model
of “Coal Miner’s Daughter”, she all the time says /dŏtər/ [ˈdɑɾɚ], utilizing precisely the identical vowel sound
as in “lot” afterward within the tune, by no means /dôtər/ [ˈdɒʊɾɚ], the
typical Southern pronunciation. This was what made me suppose that she had
“cot”=“caught”, together with the truth that she grew up very near the
“cot”=“caught” space. Nonetheless, even on this tune she makes use of /ô/ [ɒʊ]
within the phrase “all”, however /ŏ/ [ɑ] within the phrase “holler”, each earlier than /l/, so she clearly has the phoneme distinction. Equally,
on this early model of “You Ain’t Woman Enough
(To Take My Man)”, the phrase “ought” is clearly /ŏt/ [ˈɑt], not /ôt/ [ˈɒʊt],
however in the identical tune there are clear circumstances of /ô/ [ɒʊ]
in “’trigger” and “caught”. 26-July-2012
281
Gatewood Galbraith, politician
Carlisle
Kentucky
YouTube video (more info) 22-Aug.-2009
282
An entire slew of individuals at a political rally
Columbus
Kentucky
dead link: YouTube
video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) (Oops, this video has now been eliminated!
Anybody have one other one from Columbus?) Arduous to judge, however a number of who say
they’re undoubtedly locals are clearly Inland Southern, together with the man
from between Bardwell and Berkley, the woman standing along with her husband, and
the person together with his spouse and two infants.
25-Nov.-2009
283
John Michael Montgomery, nation singer
Danville
Kentucky
YouTube
video, YouTube video 13-Might-2009
284
Billy Ray Cyrus, nation singer
Flatwoods
Kentucky
YouTube video This can be a key pattern: Clearly Lowland,
although occasional phrases sound Inland. “cot”≠“caught”.
(more info) 30-Might-2011
285
Brice Lengthy, nation singer
Hopkinsville
Kentucky
YouTube video 20-Jan.-2010
286
Gerald Crabb, southern gospel singer
Horse Department
Kentucky
YouTube video (more
info) The sample of Inland and Lowland Southern in Kentucky is so
peculiar, and appears to be getting extra so! 25-Apr.-2013
287
Ernie Brown Jr., turtle man
Lebanon
Kentucky
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 16-Feb.-2010
288
“Lardo Moron”,
bluegrass artist
Lexington (Loradale)
Kentucky
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) Lowland Southern,
however with occasional lapses into Inland on a number of phrases, like “proper”. Examine
these with the Little Rock samples.
26-Nov.-2009
289
“Burley Moron”,
bluegrass artist
Lexington (Nicholasville)
Kentucky
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) Just like the
earlier, however with a number of extra Inland lapses, which we might anticipate, since
he’s from barely nearer to the dialect line.
26-Nov.-2009
290
Brian Littrell, pop singer
Lexington
Kentucky
YouTube video 22-Aug.-2009
291
Silas Home, writer
Lily
Kentucky
video & info (Despatched in by Amanda
Warren. Thanks!) 9-Might-2011
292
U.S. senator Mitch McConnell
Louisville
Kentucky
293
white male, born 1933, retired farmer
Marion
Kentucky
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
294
Kevin Skinner, America’s Bought Expertise winner
Mayfield
Kentucky
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 26-Nov.-2009
295
Heather French Henry, Miss America 2000
Maysville
Kentucky
YouTube video 7-Dec.-2009
296
Tim Farmer, TV outdoorsman
Maysville
Kentucky
YouTube video “cot”≠“caught”,
personally confirmed by Tim, thanks! I had thought he sounded extra like
“cot”=“caught”. (more info) 30-Might-2011
297
Kevin Denney, nation singer
Monticello
Kentucky
YouTube
video 1-June-2009
298
Dottie Rambo, southern gospel singer
Morganfield
Kentucky
YouTube video 11-July-2009
299
W. Earl Brown, actor, singer
Murray
Kentucky
YouTube video (No have to hearken to all of it!) 11-July-2009
300
Darrell Waltrip, NASCAR driver
Owensboro
Kentucky
YouTube video 12-June-2010
301
U.S. senator Wendell Ford
Owensboro
Kentucky
YouTube video (more info) 11-July-2009
302
Bobby Inexperienced, NASCAR driver
Owensboro
Kentucky
YouTube video (clip begins at 3:30) 31-Dec.-2011
303
U.S. senator and former governor Julian Carroll
Paducah
Kentucky
304
Dr. Herbert Anderson, M.D.
Paducah
Kentucky
audio link & info 9-Might-2009
305
Ron Hagan, flood fighter
Paducah
Kentucky
YouTube video (His clip begins at 1:18.) (Despatched in by Eli
Ok. Thanks!) 11-Jan.-2011
306
Patty Loveless, nation singer
Pikeville
Kentucky
YouTube video 20-Jan.-2010
307
Joe Isaacs, bluegrass musician
Pikeville (Large Hill)
Kentucky
YouTube video (more info) 9-Sep.-2010
308
Merle Travis, nation singer
Rosewood
Kentucky
YouTube video 18-Oct.-2010
309
Invoice Monroe, Bluegrass singer
Rosine
Kentucky
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
310
Adam Crowe, net entrepreneur
Russellville
Kentucky
YouTube video (more info)
11-July-2009
311
Tim Elkins, dairy producer
Smiths Grove
Kentucky
YouTube video 18-Dec.-2010
312
Heidi Douglas Greer, bluegrass gospel singer
Stearns
Kentucky
YouTube video (more info) New! 13-Sep.-2017
313
Joseph Boudreaux, alligator hunter
Abbeville
Louisiana
YouTube video Cajun English!
23-June-2010
314
Anne Patout, long-time resident of Jeanerette
Alexandria
Louisiana
YouTube video (Despatched in by Janet Schexnayder. Thanks!)
Janet stated, “My mom simply informed me that Ann Patout was born Ann Bolner, and
her household was from the Alexandria, Louisiana, space, so her speech wouldn’t
be typical of Jeanerette or New Iberia. Alexandria isn’t a Cajun space and
was settled by Scots Irish and different English-speaking descendants from
Virginia, South Carolina, Mississippi, and so on.” Based mostly on this, and the truth that
she is sort of distinct from the Jeanerette clip beneath, I’m itemizing her for
Alexandria, though I’m undecided the place she was born or lived her early
years. She is clearly an older speaker who speaks Classical, as is the clip
from Marksville beneath, which strikes the Classical line north. Younger folks in
Alexandria, together with my son-in-law, don’t drop r’s. New! 2-Might-2018
315
Larry Bankston, lawyer
Baton Rouge
Louisiana
YouTube video Normal Lowland Southern. Can discover no
proof of Classical Southern (r dropping) in Baton Rouge. New! 2-Might-2018
316
Lifelong resident, shrimper
Belle Chasse
Louisiana
YouTube video Clearly Cajun English, displaying that the New
Orleans dialects are just about restricted to the town itself or to St. Bernard
Parish! Adj. 2-Might-2018
317
James Carville, political commentator
Carville
Louisiana
YouTube video (Oops, I had unintentionally put the mistaken
clip in right here, certainly one of Jimmy Martin from Tennessee, as contributors Marc
Sketchler, Daniel Veals, and Janet Schexnayder identified to me. Thanks! I
know I had a terrific clip from James Carville, however I’ve no file of what it
was. No sweat, he’s a political commentator, there’s one million extra out
there. I simply needed to decide one other one!)
The
city was named after his grandfather. Wonderful instance of Cajun English,
although not fairly as sturdy as among the others.
Adj. 13-Sep.-2017
318
Jerry Lee Lewis, Rock singer
Ferriday
Louisiana
YouTube video 30-Jan.-2010
319
Narrator, identify not given
Galliano
Louisiana
YouTube video (Despatched in by Marc Sketchler. Thanks!)
Based on Marc Sketchler, this can be a good pattern from this space. Nonetheless, I
discover that he’s a bit inconsistent: he doesn’t all the time drop his r’s or have
the Southern pronunciation of the lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)]
vowel. However clearly Cajun! New! 13-Sep.-2017
320
Mayor David Camardelle
Grand Isle
Louisiana
YouTube video 12-June-2010
321
Janet Schexnayder’s father
Jeanerette /jĭnrĕt/ [ˈdʒɪnˌɹɛt]
Adj. 2-Might-2018
Louisiana
YouTube video (Despatched in by Janet Schexnayder. Thanks!)
There are three audio system on this clip, Janet, her father, and the man who
says “holy crap” close to the tip. The one certainly one of curiosity is Janet’s father,
who’s first heard at 0:10, although his greatest clip is towards the tip. He’s
clearly Cajun. Adj. 2-Might-2018
322
Lynne Spears, mom of Britney Spears
Kentwood
Louisiana
YouTube video 9-Jan.-2010
323
Lenis Guillot /lĭnĭs gēŏt/
[ˈlɪnɪs ˈɡiˌɑt],
witness
Lafayette /lăfēĕt/
[ˌlæfiˈɛt]
Louisiana
YouTube video Cajun English!
14-Feb.-2011
324
Charles Addison Riddle III, state consultant, parish
district lawyer
Marksville
Louisiana
YouTube video Classical, not Cajun. New! 2-Might-2018
325
Deborah Chauvin, occupation unknown
Louisiana
I’ve organized this and the next New Orleans audio system
in a graduated sequence starting from virtually pure Larger New York Metropolis to
pure Lowland Southern. No two of them are at precisely the identical level within the
sequence! Initially I had listed those I’m now calling “Peripheral New
Orleans” as “Classical Southern”, however I noticed that they’d some
distinctive New Orleans options, and wanted to have their very own class. The
dialect names are merely my tentative divisions of New Orleans based mostly on these
samples:
New Orleans Downtown dialect: YouTube
video (Her clip is at the start of this video.) Not Southern in any respect,
as proven by her pronunciation of “ninth” and “Bywater”, and sounds very a lot
like Larger New York Metropolis, although inconceivable to inform on this brief clip
whether or not “had” rhymes with “dangerous” (although the Mehrvigne
pattern beneath means that it does), whether or not “father” rhymes with “trouble”
(although the opposite New Orleans samples make it virtually sure that this isn’t
true), or whether or not “pin”=“pen” (although the opposite Central New Orleans samples
make it virtually sure that that this isn’t true, as proven on the map).
Nonetheless, clearly “on” rhymes with “Daybreak”, which isn’t like GNYC. 11-Mar.-2016
326
“dem two stunning
ladies” (self-description)
New Orleans (Irish Channel)
Louisiana
New Orleans Irish Channel dialect: YouTube
video (Their clip begins at 5:25, and finishes the video.) They sound
very very like Larger New York Metropolis, hardly Southern in any respect, however they’re
Lowland Southern so far as their lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)]
is anxious. Clearly “pin”≠“pen”!
Favourite quotes: “Once I need to speak correct, I’ll”, “Have a look at dem two stunning ladies, if dey’d shut deir mouts dey’d be nice”. 17-Dec.-2015
327
New Orleans (Arabi /ărəbē/ [ˈæɹəbi])
Louisiana
St. Bernard Parish dialect: YouTube
video (Despatched in by Todd Meredith. Thanks!), YouTube
video She additionally sounds very very like Larger New York Metropolis, hardly
Southern in any respect, however is Lowland Southern so far as her lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)] is anxious. Clearly “pin”≠“pen”! Nonetheless, the truth is there are fairly a number of different
variations from New York Metropolis, which match many different Southern dialects.
For
instance, not like New York Metropolis, however like many different Southerners, she clearly
has the card-cord
merger, thus the distinction between /ä(r)/
and /ô(r)/ has disappeared, each
being pronounced [ɔə]! Nonetheless, as a result of she
can also be a powerful r-dropper, this results in some
uncommon losses of distinction: for her “cart”=“caught” and “park” rhymes with
“hawk” and “stroll”. Mehrvigne confirmed
all this for me (see the texting beneath the clip), and gave the pattern
sentence, “Ah cawt the cawt because it was rollin
dow’na pawk sidewawk.” (“I caught the cart because it was rolling down the
park sidewalk.”) Nonetheless, she simply as clearly doesn’t have the horse-hoarse merger,
which we might anticipate from somebody with the card-cord merger: within the first
clip at 5:36 she says “story” as [ˈstoəɹi]
(/stȯrē/),
however at 5:42 she says “for ’im” as [ˈfɔəɹɪm]
(/fôrĭm/),
and within the second clip at 2:45 she clearly says, “Let’s begin [ˈstɔət] once more, let’s be extra [ˈmoə] cautious.” This
additionally matches the entire different New Orleans samples.
She
additionally texted me: “Unhealthy, had, lad, mad: All of them have the identical a vowel sound,”
which exhibits that on this additionally New Orleans isn’t like GNYC!
One
manner wherein the St. Bernard Parish dialect is not like the entire different
New Orleans dialects is that it has the Tidewater elevating, as identified by
contributor Todd Meredith! That is surprising, because the solely different place
that is present in the USA is on the jap seaboard. It’s also
surprising that it will solely apply to the St. Bernard Parish dialect
and to not some other New Orleans dialect. Ah, properly, this mission by no means ceases
to shock!
As acknowledged
within the r-dropping dialogue, the r-dropping
areas within the South are all primarily easy r-droppers, not systematic
r-droppers. Nonetheless, she exhibits some tendency to retain closing r’s earlier than a
vowel, although not sufficient to make her systematic.
11-Mar.-2016
328
Brittany George, school pupil
New Orleans (Chalmette /shălmĕt/ [ˌʃælˈmɛt])
Louisiana
St. Bernard Parish dialect: YouTube
video Basically the identical because the earlier, although maybe not as
constant, in that she pronounces extra r’s than a constant r-dropper
would. Clearly additionally has Tidewater elevating just like the earlier. 11-Mar.-2016
329
New Orleans (French Quarter)
Louisiana
New Orleans Mid Metropolis dialect: YouTube
video, YouTube video.
11-Mar.-2016
330
Mayor Mitch Landrieu
New Orleans (Broadmoor)
Louisiana
New Orleans Mid Metropolis dialect: YouTube
video, YouTube video Clearly Lowland Southern, however with many
GNYC options, “pin”≠“pen”, and
he pronounces “father” as [ˈfɒəðə],
however pronounces “Thompson” as [ˈtʰɑmpsən],
once more similar to GNYC! Thus he evidently has the father-bother
distinction, as do another New Orleans samples, and it’s possible that
the entire others do additionally. He additionally has [ɜɪ] instead of [ɝ] in “anniversary”
(1:23) and another phrases, which is each a GNYC and a Southern function). 11-Mar.-2016
331
Billy Delle, radio host
New Orleans (Gentilly)
Louisiana
Peripheral New Orleans dialect: YouTube
video He’s the narrator. (He kindly let me know that he grew up in
Gentilly. Thanks!) (Clips: 0:58-1:15, 4:12-4:35, 5:46-5:56) Clearly part of
Classical Southern as a basic class,
with “pin”=“pen”, however /ô/ = [oə], like GNYC, and with
extra different GNYC options than Harry Connick. (Finish credit: YouTube
video, his clip is at 0:43.) (more
info) 17-Dec.-2015
332
Harry Connick, Jr., jazz composer & singer
New Orleans (Lakewood)
Louisiana
Peripheral New Orleans dialect: YouTube
video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) (He speaks first at 1:52) Clearly part of Classical Southern as a basic class, with
“pin”=“pen”, however /ô/
= [oə], like GNYC. Nonetheless, he doesn’t drop all
of his r’s that don’t precede vowels.
One
nameless contributor from New Orleans stated, “I’d say that Harry Connick
Jr. sounds extra like New Orleans black than New Orleans white (most likely from
hanging round all these jazz musicians rising up!), so you actually ought to
not use him as a consultant of the white New Orleans accents.” I’d
say that is actually true, however solely partly: he nonetheless has tons in frequent with
the opposite white audio system listed right here.
17-Dec.-2015
333
Roger Villere, Republican Occasion State Chairman
New Orleans (Metairie /mĕtərē/ [ˈmɛɾɚi])
Louisiana
Peripheral New Orleans dialect: YouTube
video Basically the identical as Harry Connick. (Despatched in by Ben
Trawick-Smith. Thanks!) 17-Dec.-2015
334
Older gentleman, higher class
New Orleans (Backyard District)
Louisiana
Classical Southern dialect: YouTube
video (His clip begins at 1:40 and once more at 2:35.) Older r-dropper:
Clearly essentially the most traditional of Classical Southern,
“pin”=“pen”, with no GNYC options in any respect (aside from [ɜɪ] instead of [ɝ] in
some phrases, which can also be a Southern function); /ô/ = [ɒʊ],
like most southerners. My favourite quote: “I simply don’t suppose folks from the
Backyard District have any accent.” 17-Dec.-2015
335
Man sitting on park bench, described by the transcript
as an “Higher-class man”
New Orleans (Uptown, probably Audubon Blvd.)
Louisiana
Classical Southern dialect: YouTube
video (His clip begins at 1:57.) A lot youthful than the earlier speaker,
and so lacks the [ɜɪ] instead of [ɝ]
function, however clearly Classical Southern,
although he appears to attempt to suppress this sometimes, saying a number of closing
r’s and saying a number of of his lengthy /ī/ vowels that may be
anticipated to be [a] as [aɪ].
He has no GNYC options in any respect; /ô/ = [ɒʊ], like most southerners.
His evaluation of New Orleans could be very useful. Contributor Charles Meeks says,
“The man sitting on the bench within the park is Uptown
for certain. Arduous to pin level the precise park, however I believe it’s Audubon Blvd.”, although this doesn’t
imply that that’s essentially his residence neighborhood, so I’ve made this solely
a tentative identification, with a pink dot, although I’m treating the Uptown
identification as particular. 17-Dec.-2015
336
Jimmie Davis, nation singer & governor
Quitman
Louisiana
YouTube video 23-July-2011
337
Brooks Blanche, agriculturalist
Saint Joseph
Louisiana
YouTube video (Despatched in by Brooks Blanche. Thanks!) 17-Apr.-2013
338
Kix Brooks, nation singer
Shreveport
Louisiana
YouTube video 31-Might-2011
339
Tim McGraw, nation singer
Begin
Louisiana
YouTube video 8-Dec.-2014
340
Tim Pattern, humorist
Boothbay Harbor
Maine
YouTube video (Despatched in by Ken Homer. Thanks!) 4-Mar.-2011
341
U.S. senator Susan Collins
Caribou
Maine
YouTube video (Her clip begins at 1:28.) In listening to this
clip once more, I’m impressed by how totally different her sound system is from the
coastal Maine accents, together with the man who offers the prayer on the
starting. She clearly makes use of the identical vowel in “father” (4:05) as in phrases
like “bronze”, and this vowel is low and central, whereas her /är/ [aɹ] is strongly fronted. Her lengthy /ō/ [oʊ]
vowel is extra fronted than Ellis Paul’s, so I’ve run the yellow long /ō/
[oʊ] fronting line between Fort
Kent and Caribou. 28-Aug.-2013
342
Ellis Paul, folks singer
Fort Kent
Maine
YouTube video 8-June-2009
343
Jeremy Van Dyne, lobsterman
Matinicus Island
Maine
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
344
Ed Muskie, politician
Rumford
Maine
YouTube video 2-June-2009
345
Michael Service provider, “Out of the Wild” volunteer, bigfoot
proponent
Tenants Harbor
Maine
YouTube video (Changed hyperlink: the unique hyperlink despatched in
by Kathy Villarreal in 2011, private
link: YouTube video, is not out there to the general public.) Hypothesis
about bigfoot utilizing medication? No matter…
He
solely drops about half of his droppable r’s (those not previous a vowel),
however in any other case he has a typical Jap New England accent. (dead link: more info) The earlier website, now useless, had
stated that he was from Hampden (proper subsequent to Bangor /bănggôr/ [ˈbæŋˌɡɒə]), however Kathy knowledgeable me that
he really grew up in Tenants Harbor earlier than highschool. 17-Dec.-2015
346
Ty Babb, lobster fisherman
Tenants Harbor
Maine
YouTube video (Despatched in by Jill Miller. Thanks!) He’s
similar to the earlier. Apparently r’s
are creeping into the dialect right here!
6-Jan.-2012
347
Mayor Sam Katz /kāts/ [ˈkʰets]
Winnipeg
Manitoba
YouTube video. 25-Sep.-2013
348
Judy Marsales /märsālz/ [ˌmɑɹˈseɪlz],
businessperson and politician
Winnipeg
Manitoba
YouTube video Her dialect sounds a bit extra Toronto than
Winnipeg, as distinct from Mayor Katz and the others in his interview, as far
because the fronting of the /ou/ [ɑʊ] and /ō/ [o(ʊ)] vowels. 25-Sep.-2013
349
U.S. senator Barbara Mikulski
Baltimore
Maryland
YouTube video 19-Feb.-2011
350
Varied politicians[37]
Baltimore
Maryland
351
State senate president Mike Miller
Clinton
Maryland
YouTube video (Older speaker retaining Lowland Southern,
though youthful ones have apparently utterly misplaced it!) 11-Jan.-2011
352
Chris Rice, Christian singer
Clinton
Maryland
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2011
353
Frank Nethken, politician
Cumberland
Maryland
YouTube video Attention-grabbing character! That is additionally the
northernmost instance of Southern! 4-Nov.-2010
354
Alex Coblentz, contributor
Frederick
Maryland
YouTube video (Self-recording for this website. Thanks!)
Fairly strong East Midland, although I used to be at first in some doubt about whether or not
“pin”=“pen”, however I consider he does distinguish!
16-Dec.-2011
355
Chris Shank, state Home Minority Whip
Hagerstown
Maryland
356
Jeannie Haddaway-Riccio, state Delegate
Neavitt
Maryland
357
Frank Perdue, hen producer
Salisbury
Maryland
YouTube video (Despatched in by Bryan Gadow. Thanks!), YouTube
video The second hyperlink is his very first industrial, and his Southern
accent is sort of evident. Nonetheless, it’s too brief to indicate any Tidewater
elevating. The second hyperlink various different early commercials, however already it’s
clear that his handlers have eradicated a lot of his Southern accent, or a minimum of
have virtually utterly eradicated the pronunciation of lengthy /ī/ as [a] (although he nonetheless slips up sometimes, as at 1:03,
2:00, 2:04). Nonetheless, the Tidewater elevating is clear, as at 3:01).
I had
one other previous hyperlink the place each the Southern accent and the Tidewater elevating have been
distinguished, however it’s now useless: dead link: YouTube video (His clip was at
2:30-3:00 if anybody can monitor it down). Adj. 2-Might-2018
358
Varied residents
Smith Island
Maryland
YouTube video, YouTube
video 9-Sep.-2010
359
Mary Ada Marshall, cake maker
Smith Island
Maryland
YouTube video 9-Sep.-2010
360
Cathy Lanier, Washington, D.C. Police Chief
Tuxedo
Maryland
YouTube video. 23-Sep.-2013
361
Thomas Menino, mayor
Boston (Hyde Park)
Massachusetts
YouTube video Wonderful instance! 25-Apr.-2013
362
Unnamed metropolis counselor
Boston (Medford)
Massachusetts
YouTube video (Despatched in by Bryant Garrigus. Thanks!) This
is a significantly better pattern of a Boston accent than JFK or Powers beneath. 2-Apr.-2011
363
Alyssa McBride, contributor
Boston (Chelsea)
Massachusetts
Audio (Self-recording for this website. Thanks!) Alyssa is
constant as a systematic r-dropper greater than
95% of the time. 28-Nov.-2011
364
U.S. president John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Boston (Brookline)
Massachusetts
YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink for second video.) He
solely lived in Boston till the age of ten, after which spent many of the
the rest of his youth outdoors the state (see Wikipedia), and in consequence, although he does have a really
particular systematic r-dropper dialect, he’s
probably not a superb instance of a Boston accent, as contributor Bryant Garrigus
has identified, particularly in his pronunciation of the /ä/ vowel in phrases like
“father” and “park”, which he pronounces extra like Larger New York Metropolis,
although a few of his different vowels are nearer to Boston. 2-Apr.-2011
365
Dave Powers, JFK particular assistant
Boston (Charlestown)
Massachusetts
YouTube video (more info) Powers, alternatively, lived his total
youth in Charlestown, besides, his pronunciation of the /ä/ vowel in
phrases like “father” and “park” is extra like JFK than it’s Boston, as
contributor Bryant Garrigus has identified.
2-Apr.-2011
366
Rick Starbard /stärbərd/ [ˈstabəd],
college committee candidate
Boston (Lynn)
Massachusetts
info and video (His first clip begins at
12:10, with extra all through the video.) (Despatched in by Shirley Tessler. Thanks!) 25-Mar.-2011
367
Walter Brennan, actor
Boston (Lynn)
Massachusetts
YouTube video (His clip begins at 5:45.)
Initially
I had posted this YouTube
video as a pattern for Walter Brennan. Nonetheless, contributor Shirley
Tessler wrote: “I appeared on the YouTube video of Walter Brennan that you simply
present for instance of a Lynn Massachusetts dialect. Lynn is my residence city.
Though Mr. Brennan was born in Lynn, he’s talking as an actor in that
YouTube video in a dialect of an unschooled farmer from Texas (or related
location very removed from Lynn Mass). I recommend that you simply not level to
the Walter Brennan video, since it isn’t a real instance of a Lynn dialect.”
My
preliminary response on her feedback was, “No manner! He sounds very Jap New
England to me!” That’s as a result of the vowels he makes use of in phrases like “farm” [a] and “on” [ɒə] are so
ENE as to be unmistakable. No place else on the earth are these vowels
pronounced exactly that manner! Anybody from outdoors of ENE who is aware of accents
would instantly know he’s ENE. 17-Aug.-2015
In
truth, after I began this map, I believed, “Now who was that previous actor whose
accent I keep in mind so vividly from after I was a child? He was clearly ENE. Let’s
see… He performed in ‘The Tycoon’, I keep in mind.” And that’s how I discovered him.
Nonetheless, I didn’t initially discover a clip from ‘The Tycoon’, however posted the
second clip as an alternative.
Nonetheless,
in listening once more to that clip, I noticed that Shirley was partly proper: in
that clip he’s attempting to do some
sort of western farmer accent, however he’s doing a really dangerous job of it: his ENE
options maintain bleeding via. Even so, sure phrases, like “about”, don’t
have ENE vowels in any respect.
I
finally discovered the primary clip, which is
from ‘The Tycoon’, and exhibits a extra correct accent. However take a look at the clip
of Rick Starbard above, for a fair higher pattern for Lynn. 25-Mar.-2011
368
Captain Richard Phillips
Boston (Winchester)
Massachusetts
YouTube video.
11-Mar.-2016
369
Peter Marciano, youngest brother of professional boxer Rocky
Marciano
Brockton
Massachusetts
YouTube video He appears to maintain a number of extra “droppable r’s” than Rocky, however in any other case his accent is
pure Jap New England. I had discovered a pleasant clip of Rocky himself, however it
has been eliminated, and I can’t discover any others!
7-Apr.-2011
370
State senator Gary LeBeau
Easthampton
Massachusetts
YouTube video 30-Nov.-2009
371
Emeril Lagasse, celeb prepare dinner
Fall River
Massachusetts
YouTube video 24-Oct.-2009
372
Gary Kitmacher, spacecraft designer
Pittsfield
Massachusetts
YouTube video (He talks for the primary six minutes of the
clip.) (more info) Linguist and Pittsfield native R. Locke wrote
in to say that Gary Kitmacher actually is consultant of Pittsfield, and
that James Ruberto isn’t. He additionally despatched within the Turk
Wendell clip beneath. I’m glad, since Ruberto’s accent had actually tousled my
map! Pittsfield is now firmly again within the Northwestern New England space. 20-Apr.-2011
373
Turk Wendell, professional baseball participant
Pittsfield
Massachusetts
YouTube video (Despatched in by R. Locke. Thanks!) 20-Apr.-2011
374
June Foray, voice actress for animated movies
Springfield
Massachusetts
YouTube
video (Her clip begins at 0:57.) 30-Mar.-2012
375
Dr. Timothy Leary, LSD advocate
Springfield
Massachusetts
YouTube
video (Changed useless hyperlink.) 7-Apr.-2011
376
Abbie Hoffmann, radical activist
Worcester
Massachusetts
377
Verne Troyer, actor
Centreville
Michigan
YouTube video 16-Feb.-2010
378
Dan Severn, “professional” wrestler
Coldwater
Michigan
YouTube
video (Changed useless hyperlink.) 16-Sep.-2014
379
Nancy Skinner, politician
Detroit
Michigan
YouTube video 7-Nov.-2009
380
Josiah Middaugh, excessive athlete
East Jordan
Michigan
YouTube video ( more info) 7-Dec.-2009
381
State senator Tom Casperson
Escanaba
Michigan
YouTube video 29-Dec.-2010
382
U.S. president Gerald Ford
Grand Rapids
Michigan
YouTube video 23-June-2010
383
Coach Tom Izzo
Iron Mountain
Michigan
384
Jason Babin, professional soccer participant
Kalamazoo
Michigan
YouTube video 16-Feb.-2010
385
Larry Web page, Google co-founder
(East) Lansing
Michigan
YouTube video 25-Sep.-2010
386
Cathy Guisewite, cartoonist of Cathy
Midland
Michigan
YouTube
video 7-Nov.-2009
387
Harry Morgan, actor
Muskegon
Michigan
YouTube video.
11-Mar.-2016
388
Jake Cinninger, musician
Niles
Michigan
YouTube video 16-Feb.-2010
389
Joe Marutiak, OPEIU union member
Owosso
Michigan
YouTube video (Despatched in by Dave Marutiak. Thanks!) 11-Jan.-2011
390
Terry O’Quinn, actor
Sault Ste. Marie
Michigan
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink) 11-Mar.-2016
391
Rob Capriccioso, American Indian journalist
Sault Ste. Marie
Michigan
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
392
Paul Colson, George Risser, Celeste Colson,
Adam Rasmussen, Amy Dietzler
Angle Inlet
Minnesota
audio & transcript
These people speak like Minnesota, not Canada!
29-Dec.-2010
393
Joseph Jagunich, miner’s son
Buhl
Minnesota
audio & info
(Despatched in by Adam Jarvi. Thanks!) 25-Mar.-2011
394
Mayor Don Ness
Duluth
Minnesota
YouTube video 1-Might-2010
395
Mildred Opacich, miner’s spouse
Duluth
Minnesota
audio & info
(Despatched in by Adam Jarvi. Thanks!) Although apparently born and raised in Duluth,
she appears to have a powerful Iron Vary dialect, or else that is merely the
accent she discovered from her immigrant dad and mom. 16-Might-2012
396
Anthony Vidmar, miner’s son
Ely /ēlē/ [ˈili]
Minnesota
audio & info
(Despatched in by Adam Jarvi. Thanks!) 25-Mar.-2011
397
Josephine Scander, miner’s daughter
Hibbing
Minnesota
audio & info, audio & info (Despatched in by Adam Jarvi. Thanks!) 25-Mar.-2011
398
Tammy Faye (Bakker /bākər/ [ˈbeɪkɚ]) Messner, controversial Christian
tv character
Worldwide Falls
Minnesota
YouTube video 29-Dec.-2010
399
Chris Sukalski /səkôlskē/ [səˈkʰɒlski], dairy producer
Le Roy /lēroi/ [ˈliˌɹɔɪ]
Minnesota
YouTube video 13-Jan.-2011
400
Jesse Ventura, politician & “professional” wrestler
Minneapolis
Minnesota
YouTube video (Urged by Y.I. Thanks!) Additionally YouTube
video (changed dangerous hyperlink), being interviewed by Dennis Miller: discuss
two extraordinarily distinct accents! And factors of view! Clearly has “cot”≠“caught”. 17-Dec.-2015
401
Brandon Paulson, Greco-Roman wrestler
Minneapolis (Coon Rapids)
Minnesota
YouTube video “cot”=“caught”.
The Twin Cities appear to be distinctive in that the cot-caught line appears to
run proper via the center of it. I’ve personally interviewed two
totally different married {couples}, each born and raised within the Twin Cities, of whom
one has “cot”=“caught” and the opposite has “cot”≠“caught”.
The road doesn’t appear to be well-defined via the town, merely that the
metropolis has a mixture, however it additionally appears true that the northernmost suburbs have “cot”=“caught”!
30-Sep.-2016
402
Brian Burke, Toronto Maple Leafs supervisor
Minneapolis (Edina)
Minnesota
YouTube video “cot”≠“caught”,
however the distinction is minimal. This isn’t uncommon for the Western North. 16-Mar.-2010
403
U.S. senator Amy Klobuchar /klōbəshär/ [ˈkʰloʊbəˌʃɑɹ]
Minneapolis (Plymouth)
Minnesota
YouTube video (Despatched in by Annie Wang. Thanks!) Clearly has “cot”≠“caught”. 17-Dec.-2015
404
Will Steger, arctic explorer
Minneapolis (Richfield)
Minnesota
YouTube video (more info) Pretty clearly has “cot”=“caught”. 30-Sep.-2016
405
Tony Snyder, state trooper, and plenty of others
Princeton
Minnesota
YouTube video (Clip begins at 1:05.) Warning: gory particulars
of depraved homicide and allusions to infidelity! This virtually exceeds my
family-friendly coverage, although as a result of the main focus is on catching the dangerous guys
via forensic evaluation I feel it’s okay. (If any followers of this web page
strongly disagree, I’d be glad to listen to from you.) All native audio system have
“pin”=“pen”, which confirms an interview I had beforehand had with a local. 30-Sep.-2016
406
Mayor Dave Kleis
St. Cloud
Minnesota
YouTube video Clearly has “cot”=“caught”, as anticipated,
since it’s north of Minneapolis-St. Paul!
17-Dec.-2015
407
Governor Tim Pawlenty /pəlĕntē/ [pʰəˈlɛɾ̃i]
St. Paul
Minnesota
YouTube video (Despatched in by Annie Wang. Thanks!), YouTube
video Clearly has “cot”≠“caught”,
clearly noticeable within the second clip.
17-Dec.-2015
408
“The Lovelace Household”, southern gospel singers
Burnsville
Mississippi
YouTube video 12-June-2010
409
Don Wildmon, founder, American Household Affiliation
Dumas
Mississippi
audio (If anybody has a greater audio or video hyperlink for Mr.
Wildmon, please let me know.) 30-Jan.-2010
410
Shelby Foote, historian
Mississippi
YouTube
video (Changed useless hyperlink.) Wonderful
historian, and his accent is so completely Classical Southern! Nonetheless,
I had unintentionally marked him as being from Greenville, Alabama as an alternative of
Greenville, Mississippi. The latter is a little more shocking, since it’s
outdoors of the overall Classical Southern space.
1-Sep.-2014
411
U.S. senator Trent Lott
Grenada /grənādə/ [ɡɹəˈneɪdə]
Mississippi
YouTube
video (Based on the next, Trent Lott moved to Pascagoula
in his early teenagers, however I’m assuming that his accent was already set by
then: more
info) 19-Feb.-2011
412
The Unity 4, southern gospel singers
Iuka /īyōōkə/ [ˌaˈjukə]
Mississippi
YouTube video (more info) 17-Dec.-2015
413
Tommy Hamill, kidnap sufferer
Macon
Mississippi
YouTube video (more info) I don’t fairly know what to do with this man.
He appears to be principally Lowland, however has a number of phrases which can be clearly Inland, like
“would possibly,” “spouse,” “life.”) Based on my
settlement theory, Noxubee County needs to be a Lowland space, because it had
a excessive proportion of slaves earlier than the Civil Struggle.
23-Sep.-2015
414
Jimmie Rodgers, nation singer
Meridian
Mississippi
YouTube
video (Changed useless hyperlink.)
7-Apr.-2011
415
New Albany
Mississippi
YouTube video 30-Jan.-2010
416
Senatobia
Mississippi
YouTube video (more info) 30-Jan.-2010
417
Twister victims
Smithville
Mississippi
YouTube video The primary two are clearly Inland, the final
one appears to be attempting to not sound Southern.
10-Might-2011
418
Tupelo /tōōpəlō/ [ˈtʰupəˌloʊ]
Mississippi
YouTube video (more
info) (Despatched in by Y.I. Thanks!)
1-July-2010
419
Tupelo
Mississippi
YouTube video (more
info) (Despatched in by Y.I. Thanks!)
1-July-2010
420
Cape Girardeau
Missouri
YouTube video (Despatched in by Brett Harkey. Thanks!) (Oops,
dangerous hyperlink, as contributor David Harbaugh knowledgeable me. He’s going to attempt to
discover a substitute.) Adj. 13-Sep.-2017
421
Columbia
Missouri
422
U.S. senator Invoice Bradley
Crystal Metropolis
Missouri
423
Conrad Burns, U.S. senator from Montana
Gallatin
Missouri
YouTube
video (Clip begins at 3:49.) 8-Aug.-2014
424
Kids of Mike Reed
Houston
Missouri
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 16-Feb.-2010
425
Governor Matt Blunt
Jefferson Metropolis
Missouri
426
Kennett
Missouri
427
Kirksville
Missouri
YouTube video As regular, her Central Midland dialect is
demonstrated by the interview, not the songs, which are sometimes Inland
Southern, applicable to bluegrass.
3-Mar.-2011
428
Linn Creek
Missouri
YouTube video (Despatched in by Ben Foster. Thanks!) 16-Jan.-2012
429
Park Hills
Missouri
YouTube video Clearly Inland Southern! 31-Dec.-2011
430
Poplar Bluff
Missouri
YouTube video This gentleman is clearly Inland, however I
can’t decide if he’s really a local. 8-Apr.-2013
431
Poplar Bluff
Missouri
Google video (This can be a dangerous
hyperlink, since all of his earlier sermons have been deliberately eliminated. His later
stuff not demonstrates what I had written right here, so he not serves
as a superb pattern of this location.) (Sermon begins round 13:00. His
lengthy /ī/
[a(ɪ)] vowels are pretty combined, suggesting that
he has tried to regulate his speech to some extent, however many are clearly
Southern, and some phrases are clearly Inland. In any case, this city is on
the border, so some mixing will not be shocking. His different vowels are
completely Southern, so I’m pretty assured that he grew up talking Inland
Southern. One other indication is that the extra excited he will get, the extra
Southern he sounds.) 8-Apr.-2013
432
Rolla
Missouri
433
George Morris, enjoys life
Sikeston
Missouri
YouTube video (Despatched in by a contributor. Thanks!) 7-Nov.-2009
434
U.S. consultant Roy Blunt
Springfield
Missouri
435
Dick M., age 44, furnishings maker
Springfield
Missouri
ANAE info and audio That is the pattern offered within the ANAE to indicate that Springfield, Missouri is Lowland Southern,
which appears fairly unlikely for its location. This pattern is clearly not
Inland Southern, since a number of circumstances of the lengthy /ī/ [aɪ]
vowel happen earlier than unvoiced consonants, and just one phrase, “occasions” exhibits the
Lowland Southern pronunciation, and this has the lengthy /ī/ [a]
vowel earlier than a nasal consonant, which is the one place it’s usually heard in
in any other case Midland accents in line with the ANAE Ch. 18, p. 243. Subsequently I don’t suppose that this
pattern demonstrates Southern in any respect.
16-Jan.-2012
436
4 former sheriff’s deputies
Stockton
Missouri
YouTube video (Despatched in by Blake Bond. Thanks!) Fantastic!
This pushes the Inland South boundary north. Wikipedia
says that Stockton is named “The place the South Begins”, and the dialect
confirms this. (Of the 4 deputies, the final two are clearly Inland, the
second is clearly Southern, although he doesn’t occur to make use of any diagnostic
phrases for Inland, and the primary is a bit ambivalent, although clearly Southern
on some phrases.) 25-Sep.-2015
437
Kay Barnes, mayor of Kansas Metropolis
St. Joseph
Missouri
438
Joe Buck, sports activities commentator
St. Louis
Missouri
439
John Goodman, actor
St. Louis
Missouri
440
Bob Kuban, drummer
St. Louis
Missouri
441
Dr. Jan Garavaglia, “Dr. G: Medical Examiner”
St. Louis
Missouri
YouTube video (more
info) 11-Jan.-2011
442
Bob and Ron Coble, farmers
Strafford
Missouri
YouTube video These people sound fairly Southern, with many
secondary options of Southern, till you hear carefully to their lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)] vowels, which are literally not southern. (Despatched
in by Ben Foster. Thanks!) 16-Jan.-2012
443
Jan Howard, nation singer[38]
West Plains
Missouri
444
U.S. senator Jon Tester
Large Sandy
Montana
YouTube
video (Clip begins at 7:56.), YouTube
video (Varied clips.) 8-Aug.-2014
445
John Bohlinger, lieutenant governor
Billings
Montana
446
John Walsh, lieutenant governor
Butte
Montana
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2013
447
Wylie Gustafson, western singer/songwriter/yodeler
Conrad
Montana
YouTube video, YouTube
video (more
info) 19-Oct.-2010
448
George Horse Seize, Indian activist and museum curator
Fort Belknap Company
Montana
YouTube video Clearly Western, based mostly on his lengthy /ōō/ [u] vowel,
and clearly above the bite-bout line, not like Havre, “pin”=“pen”. 8-Aug.-2014
449
Dave Dickenson, soccer participant
Nice Falls
Montana
YouTube
video I just lately listened once more to this clip, and realized that it
needs to be southwest of the bite-bout line, though this disagrees with
the ANAE. The ANAE’s pattern for Nice Falls seems to me to be inconclusive
on this function. 12-Aug.-2014
450
Pastor Ron Ellis
Havre
Montana
audio 8-Aug.-2014
451
U.S. senator Max Baucus
Helena
Montana
452
Casey Anderson, Expedition Wild host
(East) Helena
Montana
YouTube video (more info) 11-July-2011
453
Eugene Peterson, writer of The Message
Kalispell
Montana
YouTube video 5-Oct.-2010
454
Maurice Hilleman, microbiologist[39] [40]
Miles Metropolis
Montana
455
George Winston, pianist [40]
Miles Metropolis
Montana
456
Dixie Nelson, Chamber of commerce
Alliance
Nebraska
YouTube video (Facebook) Adj. 14-Sep.-2017
457
Dennis Rose, saddle maker
Arthur
Nebraska
audio (source) Can’t inform from clip whether or not “pin”=“pen”. 24-Aug.-2010
458
Jim Girardin, Arrow Seed Co.
Damaged Bow
Nebraska
YouTube video (more info)
7-Aug.-2009
459
Lon Milo DuQuette, occultist
Columbus
Nebraska
YouTube video (actually, actually bizarre concepts) 12-Aug.-2009
460
Barry Kriha, TV reporter
Gibbon
Nebraska
YouTube video (more info)
7-Aug.-2009
461
Howard Parker, cowboy poet
Gordon
Nebraska
462
Walter Schmitt, farmer
Gresham
Nebraska
video & info (source) (Despatched in by Kirk Sniff. Thanks!) 7-Nov.-2011
463
Herbert Heine, farmer
Thayer
Nebraska
video & info (source) 6-Sep.-2013
464
Jay Keasling, chemical engineer
Harvard
Nebraska
465
Herman Goertzen, farmer
Henderson
Nebraska
video & info (source) (Despatched in by Kirk Sniff. Thanks!) Wonderful! The
Grand Island wedge extends even farther south and east! 7-Nov.-2011
466
Barrett Ruud, soccer participant
Lincoln
Nebraska
467
Joba Chamberlain, baseball participant
Lincoln
Nebraska
468
Ben Nelson, senator and governor
McCook
Nebraska
469
John DeCamp, Politician
Neligh /nēlē/ [ˈnili]
Nebraska
YouTube video 12-Aug.-2009
470
Johnny Carson, entertainer
Norfolk /nȯrfȯrk/ [ˈnoɹˌfoɹk][41]
Nebraska
YouTube
video 23-Aug.-2010
471
Marg Helgenberger, actress
North Bend
Nebraska
472
Dr. Don Rose, disk jockey
North Platte
Nebraska
473
Ryan Schultz, combined martial arts fighter
North Platte
Nebraska
YouTube video 21-Sep.-2011
474
Ben Holscher, combined martial arts fighter
Ogallala
Nebraska
YouTube video 21-Sep.-2011
475
Henry Fonda, well-known actor
Omaha /ōməhô/ [ˈoʊməˌhɒ]
Nebraska
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
476
Warren Buffett, billionaire
Omaha
Nebraska
477
Mayor Susan Wiedeman
Gering
Nebraska
YouTube video (more
info) I had initially listed her as from “Scottsbluff (Gering)”, however
that was earlier than I made the dots smaller. I had noticed that she had
“pin”=“pen”, so I assumed this utilized to Scottsbluff additionally. Nonetheless, I
just lately met a gentleman from Scottsbluff, and he assured me that he had “pin”≠“pen”. I listened to him say
them, and although they’re very shut, they’re certainly totally different. So evidently
the road runs between Scottsbluff and Gering. Thus Scottsbluff is like
Torrington, Wyoming, and in contrast to Alliance, which makes the pin-pen line twist
a bit extra round Scottsbluff and Alliance, however rather less round
Torrington, so it comes out about even. Adj.
14-Sep.-2017
478
Tom Osborne, soccer coach, and so on.
St. Paul
Nebraska
YouTube
video (more info) Tom Osborne grew up completely in Hastings,
Nebraska aside from 4 years in St. Paul, from the ages of 5 to eight. Nonetheless,
he talks like St. Paul, not like Hastings, as I’ve confirmed by
interviewing two natives of Hastings, who undoubtedly have “pin”=“pen” and
“cot”=“caught”. Just like the pattern from Ashley, ND, this exhibits {that a} phonemic
system might be set earlier than the age of 10, and by no means change after that. 17-Jan.-2012
479
Wayne Connell, artisan
Tryon /trīən/ [ˈtʰɹaɪən]
Nebraska
video (source) (Video file appears to be broken, although
beforehand it was playable. Hopefully it will likely be fastened sooner or later.) I would like
to re-check the video to see whether or not “pin”=“pen”: I had thought no, however I
have just lately interviewed a Tryon native, and evidently “pin”=“pen”. 24-Aug.-2010
480
Doug Bereuter /bērītər/ [ˈbiˌɹaɪɾɚ],
president of the Asia Basis
Utica
Nebraska
YouTube video (His clip is 10:10-15:08.) 7-Nov.-2011
481
Varied natives
Valentine
Nebraska
YouTube video I lastly discovered a video for Valentine,
which permits me to assign it clearly to the West Midland dialect! I wasn’t
certain about that, because it lies very near the boundaries of The West and
Western North, and I wasn’t certain which of the three it belonged to. Nonetheless,
the truth that it lies on the north fringe of the Nebraska Sandhills appears to be
the figuring out issue! Clearly “cot”=“caught”, “pin”≠“pen”, and it’s beneath the bite-bout line. (Not all of
the audio system are natives, however the first one clearly is, and doubtless the
second one additionally.) 11-Mar.-2016
482
Sam Crawford, professional baseball participant
Wahoo /wôhōō/ [ˈwɒˌhu]
Nebraska
YouTube video (Clip begins at 1:00.) 26-Aug.-2010
483
Darryl Zanuck, film producer
Wahoo
Nebraska
YouTube video (He pronounces it /wôhōō/ [ˌwɒˈhu], however he’s most likely simply being
humorous. My spouse, a local Nebraskan, assures me that Sam Crawford’s
pronunciation is the right one.)
26-Aug.-2010
484
Elroy Hoffman, farmer
York
Nebraska
video & info (source) (Despatched in by Kirk Sniff. Thanks!) Wonderful! The
Grand Island wedge extends even farther south and east! 7-Nov.-2011
485
Harvey Pickrel, farmer
York
Nebraska
video & info (source) (Despatched in by Kirk Sniff. Thanks!) This man is from
south of York, whereas the earlier man could also be from north of York, and this
man’s /ō/ [oʊ]
vowels are noticeably extra fronted, indicating that the blue line runs
between them! Nonetheless, he has “pin”≠“pen”,
displaying that that line runs a tiny bit extra south!
7-Nov.-2011
486
U.S. consultant Dean Heller
Carson Metropolis
Nevada
YouTube video 25-Oct.-2010
487
Andre Agassi, professional tennis participant
Las Vegas
Nevada
YouTube video (Urged by native Las Vegan contributor
Jim Hoffman. Thanks!) 5-Mar.-2011
488
Governor Jim Gibbons
Reno
Nevada
YouTube video 25-Oct.-2010
489
U.S. senator Harry Reid
Searchlight
Nevada
YouTube video (Urged by native Las Vegan contributor
Jim Hoffman. Thanks!) 5-Mar.-2011
490
Wallace McCain, businessman
Florenceville
New Brunswick
downloadable video
(Extraordinarily giant file!) (Despatched in by Lucy Might. Thanks!) 10-Jan.-2012
491
Marilyn Curtin, metropolis councilor, and unknown newswoman
Fredericton
New Brunswick
YouTube video (Despatched in by Lucy Might. Thanks!) 10-Jan.-2012
492
Matt Stairs, professional hockey participant
Saint John
New Brunswick
YouTube video 13-July-2009
493
Donald Sutherland, actor
Saint John
New Brunswick
YouTube video Contributor Lucy Might says that he’s not a
good instance of the native dialect, and has contributed varied others.
Thanks! 10-Jan.-2012
494
Don Sweeney, professional hockey supervisor
St. Stephen
New Brunswick
video (His clip
0:20-0:50) (Despatched in by Lucy Might. Thanks!) 10-Jan.-2012
495
Michael Durant, U.S. Military pilot
Berlin
New Hampshire
video (Discovered video once more!) Clip begins at 0:45. 24-Aug.-2010
496
Doris “Granny D” Haddock, activist, walked throughout America
Laconia
New Hampshire
YouTube
video 1-June-2009
497
Joe McQuaid, newspaper writer
Manchester
New Hampshire
YouTube video 2-June-2009
498
Captain David Ferland, policeman
Portsmouth
New Hampshire
YouTube
video (His clips 0:55-1:06, 1:34-1:45) (Despatched in by Ben Katz.
Thanks! Ben stated, “As I’m certain many individuals do for his or her hometowns, I believed
I’d submit this clip, as I feel it offers a greater illustration of the
Seacoast, NH accent, versus the samples you at the moment have which
consists of Boston to the South, and Manchester and Laconia inland. The clip
options various native residents, however personally, I believed the most effective
instance was [the policeman].”) 3-June-2011
499
Margaret Pickering, resident
Portsmouth
New Hampshire
YouTube
video (Her clip 0:07-0:41) (Despatched in by Ben Katz. Thanks!) 3-June-2011
500
Danny DeVito, actor
Asbury Park
New Jersey
501
Tommy DeVito, pop singer – traditional working class, barely
modified! **
Belleville
New Jersey
YouTube video (more info) The curl-coil merger isn’t useless! This man
clearly says /woyk/
[ˈwɜɪk] as an alternative of /wûrk/ [ˈwɝk]
for “work”, and makes use of [ɜɪ]
as an alternative of [ɝ] in a number of different phrases additionally, and most of
his th’s turn out to be d or t. That is fairly
totally different from his fellow band member Frankie Valli, who’s trendy center class. 3-Mar.-2011
502
Dick Vitale, basketball sportscaster – trendy center class
**
East Rutherford
New Jersey
YouTube video 25-Apr.-2013
503
State senator Michael Doherty
Glen Ridge
New Jersey
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
504
Sammi Giancano, on forged of Jersey Shore actuality present
Hazlet
New Jersey
YouTube video Good distinctive “dangerous” /bâd/
[ˈbeəd], loads of circumstances of each /â/ [eə] and /ă/ [æ], pronounced fairly
distinctly! So these two distinct vowels are alive and properly, even amongst younger
folks. The next clip is clearer: YouTube
video 8-July-2013
505
Governor Chris Christie
Livingston
New Jersey
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
506
Frankie Valli, pop singer – trendy center class **
Newark
New Jersey
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
507
Lou Costello, actor & comic – traditional working class
New Jersey
YouTube video
Contributor Jane McMullen set me straight on this one: “Your pattern [for] Lou
Costello is extremely mistaken. It isn’t a New York accent. Lou was born and
raised in Paterson, NJ. He sounds similar to my father (born 7 years later),
additionally born & raised there, and all my kin. The category is appropriate,
traditional working class, youngsters of latest Italian immigrants. And it’s
traditional Paterson.”
Sigh! I discover that I typically
give attention to sure distinguished options, and people options make me ignore different
options, that are extra essential. I had listed Lou Costello as being from
New York Metropolis, though I knew he was born in Paterson. I didn’t
understand that he was additionally raised there.
However what actually led me astray was that he has almost the entire secondary
options of the traditional working class of Larger New York Metropolis: /ŧħ/ [ð] turns into /d/ [d], and “first” is
/foyst/
[ˈfɜɪst] as an alternative of /fûrst/ [ˈfɝst]. I had not realized that the latter was
traditionally present in a number of locations outdoors of the Larger New York Metropolis
dialect space, so I assumed that he had grown up in New York Metropolis. Nonetheless, he
really lacks the first defining options of GNYC: he drops only a few r’s,
and he doesn’t have the bad-had break up, as seen in most of the phrases within the
clip above, and within the pronunciation of “dangerous” on the finish of this clip: YouTube video.
As an alternative, he really has the Jap North sample for these phrases. Thanks
for maintaining me straight, Jane! 27-Oct.-2011
508
Rodeo performer
New Jersey
video & info
(His clips begin at 0:15 and 4:18.) (Despatched in by Claudio Salvucci. Thanks!) I
knew the south Jersey accent was totally different, however that is virtually southern! He
additionally appears to have a little bit of /ŧħ/ [ð] → /d/ [d].
This can’t be merely a variant of what I’m calling “East Midland”, however I
want extra information to know how you can classify it! 17-Might-2013
509
Alan Hale, astronomer
Alamogordo
New Mexico
510
U.S. senator Pete Domenici
Albuquerque
New Mexico
511
Varied, presumably locals
Artesia
New Mexico
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 3-Dec.-2009
512
Sam Etcheverry, soccer coach
Carlsbad
New Mexico
513
U.S. consultant Harry Teague
Hobbs
New Mexico
514
Baxter Black, cowboy poet
Las Cruces
New Mexico
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
515
Ed Foreman, politician, speaker
Portales
New Mexico
516
Cody Willard, Fox Enterprise anchor
Ruidoso
New Mexico
YouTube video 26-Aug.-2009
517
Conrad Hilton, resort tycoon
San Antonio
New Mexico
YouTube video This video clarifies that “pin”≠“pen” for him, whereas the
following didn’t: YouTube
video 11-Jan.-2011
518
James Junes, Navajo comic
Shiprock
New Mexico
YouTube video (more info)
26-Sep.-2009
519
Harrison Schmitt, astronaut
Silver Metropolis
New Mexico
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
520
Abel Cullum, combined martial arts
Tucumcari
New Mexico
YouTube video 13-July-2009
521
Mayor Jerry Jennings
Albany
New York
YouTube video (Despatched in by Derek Hachey. Thanks!) Longer
pattern: YouTube
video 11-Feb.-2011
522
Rod Serling, TV producer & narrator
Binghamton
New York
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2013
523
Decide Frank Easterbrook
Buffalo
New York
YouTube video 7-Aug.-2009
524
William P. Rogers, Sec. of State below Nixon
Canton
New York
525
Stewart Vorpahl /vôrpəl/
[ˈvoəpəl], “Bonacker”
fisherman
New York
YouTube video (clip begins at 25:00) (Despatched in by Alex Van
Boer. Thanks!) That is the true native (working class) dialect of “The
Hamptons”, probably not those who comply with, as the reason that follows
exhibits. It’s fairly just like Larger New York Metropolis, and has the identical 16
vowels as GNYC, together with saying the “aw” or /ô/ vowel (see The
Cot-Caught Merger) as [oə], however not like
GNYC there is no such thing as a working-class tendency to alter th’s to d or t, and a number of other of the vowels have a slight trace of
New England. 3-Mar.-2011
526
Mary Gardiner, connoisseur produce vendor
New York
The east finish of Lengthy Island, usually known as “The Hamptons”,
is uncommon in that it has been a wealthy folks’s playground for generations.
That’s why I used to be glad to seek out the earlier clip, which exhibits the dialect of
odd folks, relatively than the wealthy and well-known.
All
three of the next samples of wealthy and well-known folks from East Hampton
have fairly distinct accents, though in addition they have sure issues in
frequent, particularly their pronunciation of the “aw” or /ô/ vowel (see The
Cot-Caught Merger), which is [oə] like
Larger New York Metropolis.
YouTube
video (more info) This girl’s ancestors have lived within the East
Hampton space because the mid 1600’s, and she or he grew up there, not like so many wealthy
youngsters from the realm who have been despatched off to boarding college. Her accent is pretty
near the “benchmark” Bonacker pronunciation above.
One
explicit distinction among the many three audio system is that Mary Gardiner
pronounces virtually all her r’s, David
Carmichael drops a number of, and Jackie Kennedy is a constant Systematic R-dropper. All of them do it somewhat,
confirming that the unique Hamptons sample is r-dropping.
I had
thought for some time that “on” rhymed with “Daybreak” on this dialect, based mostly on
Mary Gardiner, however it doesn’t really. She (and Stewart Vorpahl) virtually
appears to rhyme it with “barn”, if the r is dropped, one thing a number of GNYC
audio system may additionally do. 3-Mar.-2011
527
David Carmichael, pastry chef
New York
YouTube video, YouTube
video (clip begins at 1:45) 30-Nov.-2009
528
First Woman Jacqueline Kennedy
New York
YouTube video, YouTube
video She undoubtedly has a New York accent, fairly distinct from her
husband’s Boston accent. She shares some options with the opposite East Hampton
audio system (See my feedback above), however on the similar time has a “greater class”
accent, particularly noticeable in her brief /ă/ vowel, although she
actually doesn’t have a Mid-Atlantic accent. 3-Mar.-2011
529
Reverend Rob Schenck
New York
YouTube video 7-Aug.-2009
530
Steve Levy, Suffolk County Govt – trendy working
class? **
New York
YouTube video (clip 6:05-10:35) (Despatched in by Alex Van
Boer. Thanks!) 3-Mar.-2011
531
Varied residents
New York
YouTube video The mayor and many of the others on this
clip are clearly Inland North and north of (or inside) the bite-bout line.
The one speaker who’s clearly not is Mort Flexer, close to the tip, who’s
clearly Jap New England. 27-Dec.-2010
532
Dr. Amy Gutmann, College of Pennsylvania President
Monroe
New York
YouTube video 23-Might-2011
533
Dick Clark, world’s oldest teenager (really, speak present
host, and so on.)
Mount Vernon
New York
YouTube video Despite all his years in present biz, he
nonetheless retains his native accent to an incredible diploma. Not that it’s all that
totally different from Common American to start out with, however his “aw” or /ô/ vowel
(see The
Cot-Caught Merger) is steadily a transparent [oə]. 23-Apr.-2011
534
Caucasian feminine, 39, administrative assistant
Mount Vernon
New York
IDEA audio
(source) The IDEA web site has now clarified that
she was born and raised there. 8-Nov.-2013
535
Don McClean, rock singer
New York
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2010
536
Jimmy Durante, actor & comic – traditional working
class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube
video 3-Mar.-2011
537
Bugs Bunny, cartoon character – traditional working class ** (not dangerous, Mel!)[42]
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
538
Sep 11 firefighters – trendy working class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
539
Steve
Schirripa, actor – trendy working class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video, YouTube
video Amazingly
sturdy and constant, together with intrusive r’s as in “sawr a ghost”, shocking for an actor. The second clip exhibits an surprising
facet of this actor. It additionally might have a case of the curl-coil merger, on the
phrase “first” at 0:22, which is shocking,
since this function has largely died out.
30-Sep.-2016
540
Bennett Cerf, writer and character – traditional center
class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube
video 3-Mar.-2011
541
Humphrey Bogart, actor – traditional center class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video (Though Humphrey Bogart and Lauren
Bacall each seem on this clip, and are each from GNYC, and have been even
married to one another, he’s an entire era sooner than her, and retains
the curl-coil merger, whereas she doesn’t.)
3-Mar.-2011
542
Rocky Graziano, boxer – traditional center class? **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video Based mostly on his background,
I’d have anticipated him to be working class, however he doesn’t appear to
pronounce any of his th’s as t’s or d’s.
3-Mar.-2011
543
Woody Allen, actor & comic – trendy center class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video Certifiably bizarre! 3-Mar.-2011
544
Lauren Bacall, actress – trendy center class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
545
Howard Cosell, sports activities journalist – trendy center class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube
video 3-Mar.-2011
546
Regis Philbin, TV character – trendy center class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube
video 3-Mar.-2011
547
Don Rickles, actor & comic – trendy center class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
548
Walter Matthau, actor – trendy center class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
549
U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt – traditional higher class **
New York Metropolis
New York
YouTube
video 3-Mar.-2011
550
U.S. President Teddy Roosevelt – traditional higher class **
New York Metropolis
New York
audio 3-Mar.-2011
551
Skip Tollefson, restaurateur – traditional center class! **
New York
YouTube video (clip 10:40-17:44) (Despatched in by Alex Van
Boer. Thanks!) The curl-coil merger isn’t useless! This man clearly says /woyth/
[ˈwɜɪθ] as an alternative of /wûrth/
[ˈwɝθ] for “value”, and /foyst/
[ˈfɜɪst] as an alternative of /fûrst/ [ˈfɝst]
for “first”, and makes use of [ɜɪ] as an alternative
of [ɝ] in a number of different phrases additionally. Clearly he
is from Larger New York Metropolis relatively than the Hamptons, however I couldn’t discover
out the place! Does anybody occur to know?
3-Mar.-2011
552
Rick Pitino, basketball coach – trendy working class **
Oyster Bay
New York
YouTube video 3-Mar.-2011
553
David Smithgall, dairy producer
Perry
New York
YouTube video 18-Dec.-2010
554
Jack Foley, poet
Port Chester
New York
YouTube video 16-Nov.-2009
555
David Lee, Physicist
Port Chester (Rye)
New York
YouTube video 21-July-2009
556
Ed Kritzler, historian
Roslyn Heights
New York
YouTube video (more info) 11-Feb.-2010
557
Rochester
New York
YouTube video Hilarious: Teaches you how you can speak
Rochester! (Despatched in by Laura Feller. Thanks!)
11-Feb.-2011
558
unnamed, information anchor
Rochester
New York
YouTube video This man’s accent isn’t fairly as pronounced
because the previous (regardless of the crude touch upon the YouTube web page), however
it’s fairly sturdy for a newscaster! (Despatched in by Laura Feller. Thanks!) 11-Feb.-2011
559
Ralph Pagano, TV chef
Staten Island
New York
YouTube video (more info) 30-Nov.-2009
560
Gabby Hayes, actor
Wellsville
New York
YouTube video Despite being an actor, and regardless of
attempting to sound like a troublesome previous cowboy, his Inland North accent continues to be
virtually unchanged: Backed /ōō/, /ō/ and /ou/ ([u], [oʊ],
and [ɑʊ]), “cot”≠“caught”,
and so on. 24-Aug.-2010
561
Mike Breen, sports activities commentator
Yonkers
New York
YouTube video 21-July-2009
562
Paul Teutul Sr., American Chopper
Yonkers
New York
YouTube
video 21-July-2009
563
Residents Lizzy Careen, Mary Energy, and others
Department
Newfoundland
(& Labrador)
YouTube video (Despatched in by Michael Collins. Thanks! He
additionally helped me set the boundaries of Irish
Newfoundland.) 19-Apr.-2011
564
Holly Nelson, involved citizen
Elliston
Newfoundland
(& Labrador)
YouTube video (Despatched in by Michael Collins. Thanks!) 14-Jan.-2011
565
Anthony, aspiring singer
Placentia
Newfoundland
(& Labrador)
YouTube video (Despatched in by Michael Collins. Thanks!) 14-Jan.-2011
566
John Crosbie, M.P.
St. John’s
Newfoundland
(& Labrador)
video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) 14-Jan.-2011
567
Steve Kent, politician
Stephenville
Newfoundland
(& Labrador)
YouTube video 1-Aug.-2009
568
Roy Williams, basketball coach
Asheville
North Carolina
569
Harold A., age 46, territorial engineer
Asheville
North Carolina
ANAE info and audio This pattern, just like the earlier one,
is clearly Lowland, based mostly on the next-to-last phrase “like”. Nonetheless, the ANAE classifies it as Inland Southern, maybe based mostly on the
phrase “revitalized”, pronounced twice as [ɹiˈvaɾl̩ˈazd].
Nonetheless, this case is predicted to be variable, as a result of, although phonemically
it’s adopted by /t/, which is a unvoiced
consonant, phonetically the /t/ is realized as [ɾ],
which is voiced. 2-Jan.-2012
570
Varied residents
Atlantic
North Carolina
YouTube video, YouTube
video (all through the movies) 9-Sep.-2010
571
Del McCroury, bluegrass singer
Bakersville
North Carolina
YouTube video 18-Nov.-2011
572
Ray Hicks, storyteller
Beech Mountain
North Carolina
YouTube video Attention-grabbing character. Clearly “cot”≠“caught” following the standard
Inland South sample, aside from the one phrase “pawn” /pŏn/ [ˈpʰɑn]: I wouldn’t suppose this may be an
unfamiliar phrase, so I’ve no good clarification. (I had earlier stated “cot”=“caught”,
however that was a typo.) 11-Mar.-2016
He
additionally makes use of at one level the phrase “it” with an preliminary “h”, “hit”, which is its
unique archaic pronunciation, similar to “he”, “him”, and “her”, however in most
dialects this “h” disappeared. That is typical of Appalachian and maybe
different Inland Southern.
Beech Mountain has the best elevation of any city east
of the Rockies, so it will be anticipated to be Inland! 1-July-2013
573
Amanda Swimmer, Cherokee grandmother
Large Cove
North Carolina
YouTube video (Her first English clip begins at 2:58,
Cherokee clip at 2:44.) Has a transparent Inland Southern accent, although with an
accent influenced by her native Cherokee, most noticeable being /ŧħ/ [ð] → /d/ [d], although /th/ [θ] → /t/ [t]. 23-Sep.-2015
574
U.S. consultant Charles Taylor
Brevard
North Carolina
YouTube video 12-June-2010
575
Archie Watkins, southern gospel singer
Bryson Metropolis
North Carolina
YouTube video (clip at 46:03) (more
info) When he sings he usually partially suppresses his southern accent,
however when he talks he has a pristine Inland Southern accent! He was a member
of the Inspirations quartet, which began out in 1964 as a quartet of 4 excessive
college college students from Bryson Metropolis, and have become nationally well-known! Right here’s an
early clip, whereas his singing type nonetheless retained some traces of Inland
Southern: YouTube
video. New! 13-Sep.-2017
576
U.S. consultant Heath Shuler
Bryson Metropolis
North Carolina
YouTube video Contributor Lisa Jillani wrote, “Shuler’s
accent has been tainted by spending time within the NC legislature & probably
attempting to sound not so southern.” I listened to the clip once more and realized
that that is most likely true, although it’s nonetheless clearly Inland. Adj. 13-Sep.-2017
577
White male, born 1958, lawyer
Burnsville
North Carolina
IDEA
audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
578
Billy Graham, preacher
Charlotte
North Carolina
YouTube video (Older r-dropper retaining Classical Southern, though youthful ones have
apparently utterly misplaced it!) Billy Graham has a virtually good Classical
Southern accent, although many in Charlotte don’t also have a Southern accent
any extra. 15-Sep.-2014
579
Varied residents
Crusoe Island,
Columbus County
North Carolina
YouTube video (more info) (Urged by Joan Riley. Thanks!) This isn’t
precisely a traditional island, however a excessive spot within the swamp. (On maps it solely
exhibits up as Crusoe Island Street, close to Whiteville.) They appear to have a
colourful historical past and repute, as proven within the “extra data” hyperlink. That net
web page, and contributor Joan Riley, each recommend that the dialect spoken right here
is exclusive, however I personally can’t detect something however the native Lowland
Southern dialect. Actually, the primary speaker on the video seems to be from
outdoors the neighborhood, and all the remainder from inside, however they appear to all
converse the identical dialect. 19-Dec.-2013
580
John D. Loudermilk, composer
Durham
North Carolina
581
State senator Bob Carpenter
Franklin
North Carolina
YouTube video 6-Apr.-2010
582
Erskine Bowles, president UNC system
Greensboro
North Carolina
YouTube video He speaks as anticipated, besides that each
case of /th/ [θ]
turns into /f/ [f], and each
case of /ŧħ/ [ð]
turns into /v/ [v]. I didn’t
know if this was a person idiosyncrasy, or whether or not it was a neighborhood
sample. There’s really a well-established English dialect that has this
sample, Cockney English (London, England). 10-Might-2013
In accordance
to contributor Emily Sparkman:
«It’s
a neighborhood sample, however not restricted to the Greensboro/Triad space. I used to be born and
raised in and round Raleigh, NC and did my undergrad in Winston-Salem,
fifteen minutes down the street from Greensboro. I’ve heard the substitution
in every single place I’ve lived inside NC and would guess that it’s prevalent throughout
a lot of the state, a minimum of amongst Caucasian, native audio system. It additionally tends
to be considerably transient, slipping into some phrases and never others, and comes
and goes relying on how shortly the speaker is talking.
«When
I’m drained or surrounded by household I slide from /ŧħ/
to /v/ and even an
/f/. My mom is from Fayetteville, NC and
typically sounds similar to Mr. Bowles. My father is from Charleston, SC
and slips in /ŧħ/ → /v/ substitutions after 39 years of residing with my mother.
My grandfather is from Wilmington, NC however has spent the final 40 years in
Charleston, SC. He by no means makes this substitution.
«‘With out’
slides reeeaaally simply into an /f/. “You goin’ wifout ’im?”
‘With’, not often turns into /v/ however typically turns into /f/. “You goin’ with
’im?” “Is she wiffew?”
‘Twelfth’ generally turns into ‘twelf’,
relying on the context and placement inside a sentence. “He’s in twelf grade,” for example, however not, “I
virtually received! I got here in … twelfth.”
I’ve by no means heard ‘father/mom’ as ‘fahfer’
or ‘muvver’, nonetheless. Similar goes for ‘grandfather’ and ‘grandmother’.
Tack a possessive s or a -hood after ‘brother’, although, and the /v/ goes in.»
Thanks,
Emily. Based mostly on this data, it most probably covers an space in central
NC, possibly from Winston-Salem and Raleigh right down to Fayetteville, however not to date
as Wilmington. 21-July-2012
583
Elizabeth Allen, singer and native church mainstay
Hendersonville
North Carolina
YouTube video (Her first clip begins at 22:20.) Not like
the opposite two audio system featured on this video, each of whom converse Inland
Southern, this speaker is African American, and, as is common for older
African Individuals within the South, speaks Lowland Southern, the truth is speaks Classical Southern (together with a number of circumstances of [ɜɪ]
for /ûr/;
see [ɜɪ] instead of [ɝ] in some
Classical Southern dialects.). Nonetheless, she exhibits only a few
of the options of African American Vernacular
English (AAVE). Now I’m interested in how the white folks within the city
converse! The city is clearly within the mountains, so based mostly on my settlement theory it ought to converse Inland.
Nonetheless, the city is also 12.5% Black in line with Wikipedia, suggesting that
she speaks Classical solely as a result of she belongs to the African American
neighborhood, and that this tells us nothing in regards to the white dialect. Granted,
she herself stated that she performed extra with white youngsters than black youngsters when
small, however it’s also clear from one of many footage within the video that she
attended a segregated college. So we are able to say nothing with confidence in regards to the
white dialect right here. 23-Sep.-2015
584
Dale Earnhardt, Sr., NASCAR driver
Kannapolis
North Carolina
YouTube video (His clips begin at 4:40.) (Changed dangerous
hyperlink.) I can’t fairly determine him out: not like the opposite audio system from
Kannapolis, who all converse Lowland Southern, he sounds extra Inland than
Lowland in his pronunciation of phrases like “life” at 43:28, “evening” at 7:13,
“like” at 15:06, and “rifle” at 15:29, the one exception being “like” at
43:55. This leaves me uncertain about which facet of the road Kannapolis falls,
so I’ve tentatively moved the road in order that it strikes proper via the
center of Kannapolis. (This is able to not appear to be a case of Possible
Southern Class Distinction, since all of those audio system are
clearly working class.) 4-Nov.-2015
585
Dale Earnhardt, Jr., NASCAR driver
Kannapolis
North Carolina
YouTube video (His clips begin at 34:27.) 9-Might-2013
586
Punchy Whitaker, tire salesman
Kannapolis
North Carolina
YouTube video (His clip begins at 5:09.) 9-Might-2013
587
Tony Eury, Sr., NASCAR crew member
Kannapolis
North Carolina
YouTube video (His clips begin at 38:29.) 9-Might-2013
588
Tony Eury, Jr., NASCAR crew member
Kannapolis
North Carolina
YouTube video (His clips begin at 39:15.) 9-Might-2013
589
Peggy Bennett, Program Director, Residents for Change
Leicester
North Carolina
YouTube video (Her clips begin at 0:51.) (more info) She clearly speaks Inland Southern, besides in
one case of the phrase “proper”; nonetheless, this case is sandwiched between “proper
and mistaken”, pronounced with no diphthong, and “website online,” once more pronounced
with no diphthong. This made the road between Inland and Lowland Southern
even twistier than earlier than, however wanting on the terrain, Leicester is clearly
in a extra mountainous space than Charlotte, which follows my settlement theory. 23-Sep.-2015
590
Richard Petty, NASCAR driver
Degree Cross
North Carolina
YouTube video, YouTube
video 4-Aug.-2010
591
George Younce, southern gospel singer
Lenoir
North Carolina
YouTube video 8-Feb.-2013
592
Connie Hopper, southern gospel singer
Madison
North Carolina
YouTube video (more info) 2-Sep.-2013
593
Randy Travis, nation singer
Marshville
North Carolina
YouTube video The fascinating interaction of dialects
continues to amaze me! Randy Travis is clearly Lowland Southern, as this
interview exhibits, as might hardly be in any other case, given the place he grew up.
Nonetheless, when he sings, he typically clearly adopts an Inland Southern accent,
maybe in an unconscious effort to sound extra “nation”, given his picture as
a Neotraditional country singer, as might be heard on this
transferring rendition of Three Wooden Crosses (changed dangerous hyperlink). 31-Might-2011
594
Andy Griffith, comic & actor
Mount Ethereal
North Carolina
YouTube video All through his profession on the Andy Griffith
present and elsewhere, Andy Griffith has demonstrated a constant Lowland
Southern dialect, as proven on this clip, though Mount Ethereal is correct on the
border with Inland Southern. Nonetheless, in a few of his earliest comedy clips,
earlier than he began his appearing profession, he mixes some Inland Southern into his
speech, most likely to sound extra “hick”, as might be heard in this clip.
(Despatched in by Abbey Thomas. Thanks!) Nonetheless, he’s inconsistent, suggesting
that his native dialect is certainly Lowland. 14-Apr.-2012
595
Jeff Easter, southern gospel singer
Mount Ethereal /mountərē/ [ˈmaʊɾ̃ɚi]
North Carolina
YouTube video Like Andy Griffith he’s Lowland, not
Inland, regardless of all his discuss “Goobers and Gomers” and “I’m certainly one of ’em.” In just one phrase does he sound Inland,
“spouse” at about 8:03, however he had simply stated “life” with the Lowland
pronunciation at 8:00! I believe he was attempting to sound extra like “Goobers
and Gomers” when he stated “spouse”, as a result of he’s constantly Lowland
all through the remainder of the video. This confirms that the road runs west of
Mount Ethereal, though it’s simply as clear that it runs east of Cana,
Virginia (see).
He
first offers the (to me surprising) pronunciation of the identify of the city at
round 7:33, and repeats it after that, and this pronunciation is confirmed
by James King from neighboring Cana, Virginia (see), at round 0:22 in his
first clip. 12-Nov.-2015
596
Jeff Whisnant /hwĭsnənt/ [ˈʍɪsnənt]
(not with a /z/ sound!), southern gospel singer
Morganton
North Carolina
YouTube video (more info)
Clearly Inland, although with some inconsistencies, which isn’t shocking,
provided that he grew up proper on the border.
4-Sep.-2010
597
Brooke Aldridge, bluegrass and southern gospel singer
Newland
North Carolina
YouTube video, YouTube
video (more
info) 21-July-2012
598
Varied residents
Okracoke Island
North Carolina
YouTube video, YouTube
video (all through the movies), YouTube
video (more info, more info) 9-Sep.-2010
599
White male, born 1926, retired journalist
Oak Metropolis
North Carolina
IDEA
audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
600
(No names or particular cities given, solely areas.)[43]
Outer Banks (location unsure)
North Carolina
ncsu.edu/linguistics/ncllp/dialectquiz.php 9-Sep.-2010
601
State senator Fred Smith
Raleigh
North Carolina
YouTube video 11-Feb.-2010
602
Richard Jenrette, funding banker
Raleigh
North Carolina
YouTube
video 11-Feb.-2010
603
Jody Brown & Stephanie Brown, southern gospel singers,
ethnic Cherokees
Robbinsville
North Carolina
YouTube video 10-Apr.-2010
604
Varied residents
(Robbinsville?) Graham /grāhæm/ [ˈɡɹɛɪˌhæm]
County
North Carolina
YouTube video A pleasant clip! Almost all these
audio system have very sturdy Inland Southern accents. The one identification of
location is Graham County at 1:20 (although with a pronunciation I discovered
surprising), and that it’s close to Waynesville at 0:44, however this is sufficient to
pin it down as being Graham County, North Carolina. 29-Aug.-2015
605
Roy Cooper, North Carolina lawyer basic
Rocky Mount
North Carolina
YouTube video He solely appears to drop an r in a single phrase:
“North”, a part of the identify of his state, which doesn’t fairly rely. 25-Mar.-2011
606
Junior Johnson, NASCAR driver
Ronda
North Carolina
YouTube video, video & info Very a lot a borderline accent: a mix
of Lowland and Inland, however most likely barely extra Lowland. 4-Aug.-2010
607
Pastor Rick Perry, bluegrass gospel singer
Salisbury /sôlzbərē/ [ˈsɒʊlzbɚi]
North Carolina
YouTube video, YouTube
video – (other info) Normal and constant Lowland Southern,
drops only a few r’s. 23-Sep.-2015
608
White feminine, born 1930, housewife
Shelby
North Carolina
IDEA
audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
609
Mary Jane Queen, ballad singer, gardener, grandmother
Cullowhee /kŭləhwē/ [ˈkʰʌləˌhwi]
(Caney Fork)
North Carolina
YouTube video (Her first clip begins at 11:20.) 23-Sep.-2015
610
Greenville Mayor Pat Dunn
Wake County (rural)
North Carolina
YouTube video (clip begins at 5:48) Older r-dropper
retaining Classical Southern. I had made
the belief that she was from Greenville, however this
web site says she is from rural Wake County. She clearly drop r’s, and it
is unclear whether or not she has Tidewater elevating: the one take a look at phrase is “out”,
which she solely says as soon as, and it goes by relatively quick, however it does sound raised. This solely messes up my map! It could
have been less complicated if she have been from Greenville! As an alternative, I’ll deal with her as
an older speaker retaining older options. 25-Mar.-2011
611
Stephanie Look, basketball coach
Waynesville
North Carolina
YouTube video 16-Mar.-2010
612
Herb Key, Appalachian singer
Wilkesboro?
North Carolina
YouTube video 3-Apr.-2010
613
Charlie Daniels, nation singer (type of)
Wilmington
North Carolina
YouTube video (Changed clip once more.) His first hilarious
hit, again when he was a long-hair. He has modified so much, as this clip exhibits: YouTube
video 14-Dec.-2013
614
Charles R. “Buster” Humphreys, retired industrial chemist
Wilmington
North Carolina
YouTube video (He begins narrating at 1:18.) (more info, more info, more info) Older r-dropper retaining Classical Southern. Mister Humphreys, the primary
narrator of this clip, is from Wilmington. He speaks Classical Southern and
has the Tidewater elevating, not like youthful audio system like Charlie Daniels. He
handed away in 2002. As to the folks featured within the clip, I’ve no
data. 14-Dec.-2013
615
David Brinkley, newscaster
Wilmington
North Carolina
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
616
Richard Childress, NASCAR driver and workforce proprietor
Winston-Salem
North Carolina
YouTube video (His clips begin at 23:09.) 11-Might-2013
617
White male, 19
Winston-Salem
North Carolina
IDEA
audio (source) The IDEA web site has now clarified that he was
born there. 8-Nov.-2013
618
Governor John Hoeven[44]
Ashley
North Dakota
619
Secretary of Agriculture Ed Schafer
Bismarck
North Dakota
620
CariDee English, vogue mannequin
Fargo
North Dakota
621
Josh Duhamel, actor
Minot /mīnŏt/ [ˈmaɪˌnat]
North Dakota
YouTube video 7-Nov.-2009
622
U.S. senator Byron Dorgan
Regent
North Dakota
YouTube video 7-Nov.-2009
623
Dennis Bevington, M.P.
Fort Smith
Northwest
Territories
YouTube video. 25-Sep.-2013
624
Eva Aariak, politician
Arctic Bay
Nunavut
YouTube
video (clip at 0:57) (See subsequent entry for
particulars.) I needed to do main adjustment of the dialect and have traces
due to this entry! New! 13-Sep.-2017
625
Mayor Madeleine Redfern
Iqaluit (Jap Canadian Inuktitut pronunciation: [ɪˈqaluɪt], with a uvular cease: hearken to how
she says it. English pronunciation: /ĭkălōōĭt/
[ɪˈkʰæluɪt])
Nunavut
YouTube video Notice that she has no Canadian elevating, however does have the Atlantic Provinces
/är/ [aɹ] and a reasonably fronted pronunciation of /ou/ [aʊ] and /ō/ [oʊ]. That is in sharp
distinction to the opposite Nunavut audio system Jordin Tootoo and Eva Aariak, in
all of those options. This locations her English dialect nearer to Newfoundland
and Labrador than wherever else, however apparently she has all the time lived in
Iqaluit! This means that this space has adopted Newfoundland and Labrador
due to proximity and affect. Adj. 13-Sep.-2017
626
Jordin Tootoo, professional hockey participant
Rankin Inlet
Nunavut
YouTube video. 25-Sep.-2013
627
Paige Palmer, TV health professional
Akron
Ohio
YouTube video 4-Nov.-2009
628
Connie Schultz, columnist
Ashtabula
Ohio
YouTube video 27-Dec.-2010
629
City Meyer, school soccer coach
Ashtabula
Ohio
YouTube video 27-Dec.-2010
630
Maya Lin, designer
Athens
Ohio
631
Sam Hornish, Jr., NASCAR driver
Bryan
Ohio
YouTube video 16-Feb.-2010
632
John Glenn, astronaut, U.S. senator
New Harmony
Ohio
YouTube
video (Contributor Amber Rodland identified that he really grew
up in New Harmony, not Cambridge. Thanks!). 23-Might-2013
633
U.S. consultant Steve Chabot
Cincinnati
Ohio
634
Home Republican Chief John Boehner
Cincinnati
Ohio
635
U.S. consultant Dennis Kucinich, former mayor
Cleveland
Ohio
636
Ohio Home Speaker Armond Budish
Cleveland
Ohio
YouTube video 6-Dec.-2010
637
Jack Nicklaus, professional golfer
Columbus
Ohio
YouTube video I listened lengthy and laborious to this very lengthy
interview, however it was solely the second time via that I used to be lastly in a position to
determine that “pin”≠“pen”, even
although he pronounces “once more” as /əgǐn/ [əˈɡɪn], although most
audio system who make the excellence pronounce it /əgĕn/ [əˈɡɛn], which merely
implies that Columbus could be very near the road. This compelled me to revise the
dialect traces round Columbus to mirror this. The 2 following samples,
which have “pin”=“pen” and which I had thought have been consultant of
Columbus, I now understand are usually not. 17-Dec.-2015
638
Ray Stevens, “professional” wrestler
Columbus
Ohio
YouTube video (Lifeless hyperlink, and may’t discover one other.) I
consider that on this now useless hyperlink he had “pin”=“pen”, and I had assumed he
was a superb Columbus pattern, though he was born in New York, as a result of the Wikipedia article stated he was raised in Columbus from
shortly after his delivery. Nonetheless, Jack Nicklaus above is a way more strong
pattern. 17-Dec.-2015
639
Dwight Yoakam, nation singer
Columbus
Ohio
YouTube video He has “pin”=“pen”, and I had assumed he
was a superb Columbus pattern, though he was born in Kentucky, as a result of the Wikipedia
article stated he was raised in Columbus. Nonetheless, it doesn’t say how previous
he was when he moved there, so I’m not assured about him. 12-Mar.-2016
640
“Debbie”, sufferer
Damascus
Ohio
From “Forensic Recordsdata – Season 5, Episode 8: Materials
Proof” (12:15), which I can’t hyperlink to, because the materials is unquestionably
too graphic for this family-friendly web page. Clearly “cot”=“caught”,
distinguishing her from the opposite audio system from additional west. New! 13-Sep.-2017
641
Martin Sheen, actor
Dayton
Ohio
YouTube video 1-Mar.-2010
642
Robert Pollard, indie rock singer
Dayton
Ohio
YouTube video 21-Dec.-2010
643
U.S. consultant Zack Area
Dover
Ohio
YouTube video 22-Aug.-2009
644
Johnny Paycheck, nation singer
Greenfield
Ohio
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2011
645
Bobby Naked, nation singer
Ironton
Ohio
YouTube video (more
info, more
info) He additionally speaks some on these clips: YouTube
video, YouTube video. 27-Apr.-2013
646
Phyllis Diller, comic
Lima /līmə/ [ˈlaɪmə]
Ohio
YouTube video 24-Jan.-2011
647
Susan Smeersol (spelling?), bookstore proprietor
Greenville
Ohio
YouTube video She is a local, as she says, and clearly “pin”≠“pen”, so regardless of my early
concept that Cincinnati and Dayton shaped an island surrounded by “pin”=“pen”
areas, the truth is there’s a hall uniting them to the “pin”≠“pen” space! 11-July-2011
648
State consultant Jay Goyal
Mansfield (Lexington)
Ohio
YouTube video 6-Dec.-2010
649
Mayor Robert Brooker
Marshallville
Ohio
From “Forensic Recordsdata – Season 5, Episode 8: Materials
Proof” (1:27), which I can’t hyperlink to, because the materials is unquestionably
too graphic for this family-friendly web page. Evidently a local, “cot”≠“caught”, and “on” rhymes with
“Don” (1:33), all like Canton, increasing the Canton mini-dialect space. New! 13-Sep.-2017
650
Ricky Stanzi, school soccer participant
Mentor
Ohio
YouTube video 27-Dec.-2010
651
Don Shula, professional soccer coach
Painesville
Ohio
YouTube video 27-Dec.-2010
652
Roy Rogers, singer & actor
Portsmouth
Ohio
YouTube video, YouTube
video 27-Mar.-2010
653
Dean Martin, actor
Steubenville
Ohio
YouTube video 26-Oct.-2009
654
Gene Kranz, NASA Flight Director
Toledo
Ohio
YouTube video 24-Oct.-2009
655
U.S. consultant Jim Jordan
Urbana
Ohio
YouTube video 12-Nov.-2010
656
State consultant Bob Peterson
Washington Court docket Home
Ohio
YouTube video (more info) 6-Dec.-2010
657
Mike DeWine, politician
Yellow Springs
Ohio
YouTube video 1-Mar.-2010
658
Bob Stooks, College of Oklahoma soccer coach
Youngstown
Ohio
YouTube video 12-Dec.-2011
659
Bo Pelini, College of Nebraska soccer coach
Youngstown
Ohio
YouTube video 12-Dec.-2011
660
Varied residents
Ada
Oklahoma
YouTube video All audio system besides the narrator converse
Inland Southern. Nancy Duncan has a number of lengthy /ī/ vowels with diphthong [aɪ], however she is generally constantly Inland. 27-Apr.-2013
661
Blake Shelton, nation singer
Ada
Oklahoma
YouTube video 30-Sep.-2016
662
Johnny Bench, baseball participant
Binger /bǐnggər/ [ˈbɪŋɡɚ]
Oklahoma
663
Stephen Vaughan, mortgage officer and rancher
Boise Metropolis
Oklahoma
YouTube video (His clip begins at 1:33.) He’s the
speaker carrying the purple plaid shirt. Of all of the audio system on this video, he’s
the one one with a transparent Inland Southern accent, that’s, all of his lengthy /ī/
vowels are pronounced [a]. Based on an image on this website, his identify is Stephen Vaughan, although the
caption is a bit complicated as to who’s who. Nonetheless, an image on this website appears to verify his identification. This website says that he’s a rancher in addition to a farm
mortgage officer, suggesting that he’s a neighborhood.
Native
farmer and Farm Bureau president Larry Crews evidently additionally speaks Inland
Southern based mostly on his lengthy /ī/ vowels, however no examples of lengthy /ī/
vowels earlier than unvoiced consonants happen to make it completely sure.
The
different audio system present most of the secondary options of Inland Southern, however
their lengthy /ī/
vowels are diphthongs [aɪ]. 6-Oct.-2011
664
Robert Conley, writer
Cushing
Oklahoma
YouTube video 18-Oct.-2010
665
Owen Ok. Garriott, astronaut
Enid
Oklahoma
666
Captain Charles Scheffel, World Struggle II veteran
Enid
Oklahoma
YouTube video 11-Jan.-2011
667
Roger Miller, nation singer
Erick
Oklahoma
YouTube video 12-Aug.-2010
668
Darrell Royal, soccer coach
Hollis
Oklahoma
669
Common Kenneth M. Taylor
Hominy
Oklahoma
670
Kurt Stevenson, college board candidate
Idabel
Oklahoma
YouTube video 29-Mar.-2010
671
Bernice (and Leroy) Krittenbrink and hearth chief Randy
Poindexter[45]
Kingfisher
Oklahoma
672
Reba McEntire, nation singer
McAlester
Oklahoma
673
Keith Anderson, nation singer
Miami /mīămə/ [ˌmaɪˈæmə]
Oklahoma
YouTube video 18-Oct.-2010
674
LeRoy Jones, cowboy poet
Mountain View
Oklahoma
National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum interview (more info) (Supply recommended by archivist Laura Anne
Heller. Thanks!) As is likely to be anticipated by somebody who is correct on the border,
he has most of the secondary options of Inland Southern, however his lengthy /ī/s are
virtually all [aɪ]s. Johnny Bench above is comparable. 22-Apr.-2011
675
James Garner, actor
Norman
Oklahoma
676
Vince Gill, nation singer
Norman
Oklahoma
YouTube video 22-Aug.-2009
677
Woody Guthrie, folks singer
Oklahoma
YouTube
video 30-Mar.-2010
678
Bobby Murcer, baseball participant
Oklahoma Metropolis
Oklahoma
679
Garth Brooks, nation singer
Oklahoma Metropolis (Yukon)
Oklahoma
YouTube video 11-July-2009
680
Mel McDaniel, nation singer
Okmulgee
Oklahoma
YouTube video He talks constant Inland Southern, and
normally sings Inland: YouTube video, however typically he sings Lowland: as when he
is singing as somebody from Louisiana: YouTube
video as heard in “gentle” and “evening”, which in fact is sort of
applicable; even so, he slips up as soon as, on “rifle”, displaying that he actually is
Inland! 12-July-2011
681
Jeff Piotrowski, twister chaser
Owasso
Oklahoma
YouTube video Clearly “cot”=“caught”, and virtually all
circumstances of lengthy /ī/
[a] vowel has diphthong [aɪ]. 30-Sep.-2016
682
Ricky Manning, home-owner
Pauls Valley
Oklahoma
683
Mark Whitehead, singer
Purcell
Oklahoma
YouTube video Based on this tune, which he wrote, he
spent all of his youth in Purcell, and he sings the tune with a transparent Inland
Southern accent. Nonetheless, his web site says he was born in Norman, and Purcell is
not talked about. I’ve not discovered an interview. So, if anybody can make clear the
state of affairs come what may, please accomplish that.
23-Might-2011
684
Matt Holliday, professional baseball participant
Stillwater
Oklahoma
YouTube video 11-July-2009
685
U.S. consultant John Sullivan
Tulsa
Oklahoma
sullivan.house.gov
(click on VIDEOS, then Choose) 1-Mar.-2010
686
Caucasian Male, 34, Fireplace Chief
Wyandotte
Oklahoma
IDEA audio
Take heed to 4b relatively than 4a, as a result of 4b exhibits his pure Inland Southern
accent. (source)
The IDEA web site has now clarified that he was certainly born there, so this
seems to be a crucial pattern, marking clearly a triple dialect boundary
level with Miami, OK and Joplin, MO. 8-Nov.-2013
687
Peter Brief, United Church moderator
Arnprior
Ontario
YouTube video 31-July-2009
688
Dan Quinn, professional hockey participant
Brockville
Ontario
YouTube video (more info) 31-July-2009
689
Chief Edmund Matatawabin
Fort Albany
Ontario
YouTube video (His clip begins at 0:52.) 25-Sep.-2013
690
Duncan Keith, professional hockey participant
Fort Frances
Ontario
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) Even with 7 enamel
lacking, this clip is sort of clear. This one is longer, however doesn’t actually
have extra of him talking: YouTube
video. 12-Aug.-2013
691
Rochelle Mazar, contributor
Guelph /gwĕlf/ [ˈɡwɛlf]
Ontario
YouTube video (Self-recording for this website. Thanks!) 4-Apr.-2011
692
Jason Regulation, contributor
Inwood
Ontario
YouTube video (Self-recording for this website. Thanks!) 30-Mar.-2011
693
Lubomyr Luciuk, school professor
Kingston
Ontario
YouTube video 31-July-2009
694
Mike Fletcher, diver
Port Dover
Ontario
YouTube video 21-Dec.-2010
695
Tanya Kim, TV character
Sault Ste. Marie
Ontario
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
696
Joe Bowen, sportscaster
Sudbury
Ontario
697
Michael Barry, professional bike owner
Toronto
Ontario
YouTube video 20-Feb.-2010
698
Nora Younger, CBC Radio host
Toronto (Don Mills)
Ontario
YouTube video Nora made this video after she interviewed
me on CBC radio in March of 2011. Thanks! I hope many others will do the
similar. (See Record Your Own Voice for extra
data or to listen to the interview.) 26-Mar.-2011
699
Ken Boshcoff, politician
Thunder Bay
Ontario
YouTube video 30-Jan.-2010
700
Mike Eaves, Hockey Coach
Windsor
Ontario
YouTube video 4-Nov.-2009
701
Killer Kowalski, “professional” wrestler
Windsor
Ontario
YouTube video Warning: graphic description of gore! Don’t
hear too lengthy! 4-Nov.-2009
702
Ross Coleman, professional bull rider
Molalla /məlŏlə/ [məˈlɑlə]
Oregon
YouTube video That is really not a superb pattern for this
space, which is why I’ve coloured it pink. He typically appears to be attempting to
imitate a Texas accent, which appears to be in vogue on the rodeo circuit. In
explicit, he appears to have fronted his lengthy /ō/ [oʊ]
vowel greater than is regular for his space.
Contributor
Andrea Niemiec wrote to verify this: ‹‹I listened to the Mollala, OR audio
pattern with a substantial amount of curiosity, as I grew up about 15 miles away in
Silverton, OR, the place I lived till the age of 18. I consider that he’s
making an attempt to sound “nation” a terrific deal greater than most individuals do;
actually there’s a slight accent from sure older generations who’ve grown up in rural Oregon, however he sounded
like an “out-of-towner” to me, and I’d agree with you in ascribing it to
his occupation.››
Contributor
Meagan Ford additionally confirms that he’s not a superb pattern. 17-Might-2012
703
Phil Knight, Nike co-founder
Portland
Oregon
YouTube video Oops! I had him listed as being from
Eugene, not Portland. Don’t understand how I did that: Wikipedia could be very clear
about it. Contributor Gilbert Kennen identified my error. Thanks! And as I
hearken to his lengthy /ō/ [oʊ]
vowels, I understand that they’re Portland, not Eugene. 5-Mar.-2011
704
U.S. consultant Earl Blumenauer
Portland
Oregon
YouTube video 25-Nov.-2010
705
David Griggs, astronaut
Portland
Oregon
YouTube video (His clips are at 12:25-16:30 and
17:25-17:55) 14-Apr.-2012
706
Roy Afflerbach, former state senator and mayor
Allentown
Pennsylvania
YouTube video 28-Oct.-2011
707
Charles Bronson, actor
Ehrenfeld
Pennsylvania
YouTube
video 5-Might-2009
708
Fred Biletnikoff, professional soccer participant
Erie
Pennsylvania
YouTube video 4-Nov.-2009
709
Mayor William Troxell
Gettysburg
Pennsylvania
YouTube video 5-Nov.-2015
710
Curt Wootton, actor
Greensburg
Pennsylvania
YouTube video He performs the position of “Pittsburgh Dad”,
modelled apparently on his personal father, although really he’s from close by
Greensburg. Hilarious! 14-Oct.-2016
711
State consultant Glen Grell
Harrisburg
Pennsylvania
YouTube video There’s nothing fairly as boring as
parliamentary process! 4-June-2009
712
Rick Grey, mayor of Lancaster, PA
Harrisburg
Pennsylvania
YouTube video 28-Nov.-2011
713
Jimmy Stewart, actor
Indiana
Pennsylvania
YouTube video 26-Nov.-2009
714
“Greg & Donny”, Jeff Skowron and Matt Yeager, actors
Johnstown
Pennsylvania
YouTube video (more info) (Urged by Kathy Guido. Thanks!) These
well-known actors are enjoying exaggerated variations of individuals from their
hometown. 14-Oct.-2016
715
Mayor Charlie Smithgall
Lancaster
Pennsylvania
YouTube video 25-Sep.-2013
716
Fred Rogers, host of Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood
Latrobe
Pennsylvania
YouTube
video 5-Might-2009
717
Arnold Palmer, professional golfer
Latrobe
Pennsylvania
YouTube
video 5-Might-2009
718
Joe Montana, professional soccer participant
Monongahela
Pennsylvania
YouTube video 26-Jan.-2013
719
Decide John E. Jones
Orwigsburg
Pennsylvania
720
Metropolis Councilman Frank Rizzo, Jr.
Philadelphia
Pennsylvania
Examine “dangerous” on this YouTube
video with “dad” and “had” on this
YouTube video to listen to the 2 distinct vowels. 4-June-2009
721
U.S. consultant Michael Doyle
Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania
YouTube
video 7-Might-2009
722
Dennis Miller, comic & commentator
Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink once more!) Interviewing
Jesse Ventura: discuss two extraordinarily distinct accents! And factors of view!
(Authentic hyperlink recommended by Y.I. Thanks!) 24-Jan.-2011
723
Johnny Angel & the Halos, singing group
Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania
Santa Claus
is comin’ Dahntahn That is nice! It’s a dialect fanatic’s
dream! They take the acquainted tune, and alter the phrases simply sufficient to
actually maximize the incidence of their distinctive pronunciation of the /ou/ [a] vowel! To not point out varied distinctive phrases. They usually
even have good concord! (See the subsequent entry for some assistance on the phrases.) (more info) 24-Jan.-2011
724
DoubleShot!, singing
group
Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania
Santa Claus
is goin’ Dahntahn Similar to the previous, however exhibits the
phrases, which is a giant assist in a number of locations! Alternatively, their
Pittsburg accent sounds to me to be simply the tiniest bit much less pristine than
the previous. (more info) (Despatched in by Ted Ying. Thanks!) 24-Jan.-2011
725
The Yinzers, singing group
Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania
YouTube video Simply as enjoyable because the previous two! 24-Jan.-2011
726
Richard “Punchy” Kozlowski[47]
Studying /rĕdĭng/ [ˈɹɛdɪŋ]
Pennsylvania
YouTube
video 15-Nov.-2011
727
Ray Lyman, sad citizen
Scranton
Pennsylvania
YouTube video, YouTube
video This man is actually disconnected from actuality! However his accent is
fascinating, and he’s apparently a local, although I’ve not been in a position to
affirm this. There are tons extra movies of this man, however this offers you the
concept! He constantly has /th/ [θ]
→ /t/ [t] and /ŧħ/ [ð] → /d/ [d], in addition to the
distinctive Inland North pronunciation of /ă/ [eə]
in “ask”, /ŏ/
[a] in “cop”, and /ô/ [ɒ]
in “lawsuit”. The opposite audio system on the movies have these similar vowels, however
not the /th/ [θ] →
/t/ [t] and /ŧħ/ [ð] → /d/ [d] function, although the subsequent
two samples beneath present that this can be a normal function of the area. 17-Aug.-2015
728
Ozzie Quinn, Scranton Taxpayers Affiliation
Scranton
Pennsylvania
YouTube video (His clip begins at 12:20.) He typically
has /th/ [θ] → /t/ [t] and /ŧħ/
[ð] → /d/ [d], and typically not. (Lots of the different residents who
converse are additionally good samples, although not the primary one, who is seemingly not
native.) 16-Might-2013
729
Bob Kadlubowski, tow truck proprietor
Wilkes-Barre /wĭlksbârē/ [ˈwɪlksˌbeɹi]
Pennsylvania
YouTube video (His clip begins at 2:20.) Dialect very
just like Scranton. He has a number of circumstances of /th/ [θ] → /t/ [t] and /ŧħ/
[ð] → /d/ [d]. At 2:50 he says, “I informed yas,” demonstrating the particular second particular person plural pronoun
mentioned within the following clip. 16-Might-2013
730
Greg Korin, actor
Wilkes-Barre
Pennsylvania
YouTube video (Despatched in most just lately by Claudio Salvucci.
Thanks!) Okay, this isn’t a superb pattern for a minimum of two huge causes:
1) It’s a spoof, exaggerating and poking enjoyable on the Northeast
Pennsylvania accent, so in fact it isn’t pure, and a couple of) The principle
actor enjoying the trainer who’s modeling the dialect isn’t even from the
space! He was born and raised in Great Falls,
Montana! He clearly will get components of the dialect proper, like /th/ [θ] → /t/ [t] and /ŧħ/
[ð] → /d/ [d], however he additionally will get different components mistaken, particularly the
pronunciation of the distinctive /ă/ and /ô/ vowels. Nevertheless it’s enjoyable, and it factors out varied grammar
and vocabulary options which can be most likely dying out, so I caught it in.
Apart from, a number of contributors have recommended that I embrace it, so I actually
needed to say one thing about it. No, the dialect isn’t actually known as Heynabonics, they simply made that up! 16-Might-2013
731
Mike Mussina, professional baseball pitcher
Williamsport
Pennsylvania
732
Jonathan Mann, Journalist
Montreal
Quebec
video 24-June-2010
733
Dan Laxer, Journalist
Montreal
Quebec
YouTube video 24-June-2010
734
Mayor Jean Tremblay
Saguenay /săgənā/ [ˈsaɡəˌne]
Adj. 13-Sep.-2017
Quebec
YouTube video, YouTube
video (His first clip begins at 1:14.) I wished to get some clips of
folks from components of Quebec the place English is basically absent, to get a
really feel for the place the long /ō/ [oʊ]
fronting lines run via
Quebec, however what is obvious is that his French phonology utterly trumps any
such subtleties, so these traces are meaningless right here, so I can’t present them
passing via Quebec in any respect, however operating alongside the east facet, because the
French pronunciation of the English /ō/ is strongly backed. 10-Sep.-2013
735
U.S. senator John Chafee
Windfall
Rhode Island
736
Police officer
Windfall
Rhode Island
YouTube video 31-Mar.-2010
737
Regina /rəjīnə/ [ɹəˈdʒaɪnə]
Saskatchewan
YouTube
video Sure, I do know the clip is about Wilmington, Delaware, however the
speaker is from Regina! 26-Mar.-2011
738
U.S. senator Lindsey Graham
Central
South Carolina
YouTube
video Lowland Southern speaker from an apparently Inland Southern
space. See Possible
Southern Class Distinction?.
2-Jan.-2012
739
Fritz Hollings, U.S. senator, governor
Charleston
South Carolina
740
Katon Dawson, politician
Columbia
South Carolina
741
David Beasley, former governor
Darlington
South Carolina
742
U.S. senator Strom Thurmond
Edgefield
South Carolina
YouTube video (Older r-dropper retaining Classical Southern, though many youthful ones
might have misplaced it!) One function that he had, which most Classical Southern
audio system not have, is his particular pronunciation of the vowel /ûr/ in
“damage”, “turning”, and “regarding” as [ɜɪ]
relatively than [ɝ]. (See [ɜɪ] instead of [ɝ] in some
Classical Southern dialects.)
23-Sep.-2015
743
U.S. senator Jim DeMint
Greenville
South Carolina
YouTube
video Lowland Southern speaker from an apparently Inland Southern
space. See Possible
Southern Class Distinction?.
2-Jan.-2012
744
Sofia B., age 33, financial institution teller
Greenville
South Carolina
ANAE info and audio Clearly Inland, based mostly on the phrase “invite”.
14-Feb.-2012
745
Kristen B., age 41, financial institution teller
Greenville
South Carolina
ANAE info and audio Clearly Inland, based mostly on the phrase
“like”. 14-Feb.-2012
746
Susan Smith, assassin
Union
South Carolina
YouTube video (Her clip is 1:48-2:30.) 12-July-2011
747
U.S. senator Tom Daschle
Aberdeen
South Dakota
748
Ralph Kurtenbach, interviewer
Dimock /dǐmŏk/ [ˈdɪmˌak]
South Dakota
audio “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”! This may be
heard clearly a number of occasions within the clip, and Ralph personally confirmed this
to me. 11-July-2015
749
67-year-old White man with some education
Ludlow
South Dakota
750
Bob Barker, recreation present host
Mission
South Dakota
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”! 27-Mar.-2010
751
U.S. senator George McGovern
Mitchell
South Dakota
YouTube video Oops! I used to be completely mistaken about Mitchell:
“on” rhymes with “Daybreak”, although at first hear I believed that it rhymed with
“Don”. The clearest case is simply after 6:20.
11-July-2015
752
Nancy Tystad Koupal, historian
Mitchell
South Dakota
audio (more info, more info) I had already realized that “On” rhymes with
“Daybreak”, however I had thought that she was totally different from the others from
Mitchell, however the truth is she is rather like them!
11-July-2015
753
Mike Miller, professional basketball participant
Mitchell
South Dakota
YouTube video, YouTube
video Oops! “On” rhymes with “Daybreak”, although at first hear I believed
that it rhymed with “Don”. A number of clear circumstances beginning at 2:26 within the first
clip. The second clip, which I had posted earlier than, isn’t actually excellent. 11-July-2015
754
Governor Mike Rounds
Pierre /pîr/ [ˈpʰɪɹ]
South Dakota
YouTube
video “cot”≠“caught”,
however the distinction is minimal, a lot in order that I at first missed it, and had
him within the mistaken area! This isn’t uncommon for the Western North.
755
Mark Ellis, professional baseball participant
Speedy Metropolis
South Dakota
YouTube video, YouTube
video (His clip begins at 1:30.) These clips are brief, however he clearly
speaks in a different way from Becky Hammond, and as an alternative speaks a bit extra the way in which
the ANAE says somebody from Speedy Metropolis ought to
converse! Nonetheless, he clearly has extra backed lengthy /ō/ [oʊ]
vowels, not like what the ANAE says, which straightens out the yellow long o
fronting line of dots, which
I had twisting round Speedy Metropolis! 12-Mar.-2013
756
Becky Hammond, basketball
participant
Speedy Metropolis
South Dakota
YouTube
video She evidently doesn’t symbolize Speedy Metropolis properly, having
apparently lived too lengthy in Texas! 12-Mar.-2013
757
Tillie Black Bear, Lakota girls’s advocate
St. Francis
South Dakota
YouTube video “On” rhymes with “Don”. 27-Mar.-2010
758
Joe Foss, World Struggle II flying ace
Sioux Falls
South Dakota
759
U.S. senator Tim Johnson
Vermillion
South Dakota
YouTube video 19-Mar.-2010
760
Lee Raymond, Exxon
Watertown
South Dakota
761
James Abourezk, former U.S. consultant and U.S.
senator
Woods
South Dakota
YouTube video An fascinating character. And he clearly
has “on” rhyming with “Daybreak”, which makes the “on” line even twistier than
earlier than! 12-Mar.-2013
762
Archie Campbell, comic
Bulls Hole
Tennessee
YouTube video 1-Jan.-2010
763
Troy Odle
Camden
Tennessee
764
Kevin Burke, entrepreneur
Chattanooga
Tennessee
YouTube video (more
info, more info) He begins out with a non-southern “Hello!”, however
instantly lapses into almost pure Inland Southern! He was born and raised
in Chattanooga, and represents the bedrock dialect. For fairly some time I had
thought that Chattanooga was Lowland Southern, because the folks I had met
there have been, however it seems there’s a class distinction there, as mentioned
in Possible
Southern Class Distinction?. 11-Aug.-2014
765
Lamar Trotter, grandfather
Cleveland
Tennessee
YouTube video.
15-Sep.-2014
766
Peg McKamey Bean, southern gospel singer
Clinton
Tennessee
YouTube video, YouTube
video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) These are two totally different renditions of the
similar tune, separated by a long time. However her accent by no means modifications, and is certainly one of
the most effective examples of Inland Southern I’ve heard! (The tune’s message is
proper on additionally, and she or he certain feels it as she sings it!) 21-July-2012
767
Sterling Marlin, NASCAR driver
Columbia
Tennessee
YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video (His clip begins at 3:22; despatched in by Karl
Gerlach. Thanks!), YouTube video (His clip begins at 1:22.) Within the first two
clips he sounds completely Inland, however within the final two he sounds extra
Lowland, however combined with Inland. Truly, within the final one, from 1:59 to 2:05
he says “Coors Lite” with what feels like [aɪ],
although it’s awfully quick, “twice” with a transparent [aɪ],
and “tonight” with a transparent monophthong [a]. I’d
should say he’s Inland, however very borderline, and I’ve tried to attract the
border to considerably symbolize this! (One might additionally surmise that he might need
modified over the a long time, however the the rest of his accent is totally
pristine, so I doubt it!) 12-Mar.-2013
768
Mack Brown, soccer coach
Cookeville
Tennessee
YouTube video 10-Mar.-2010
769
Amanda Garrett, vlogger
Cookeville
Tennessee
YouTube video (Despatched in by her mom Tracy. Thanks!)
Virtually absolutely constant Lowland Southern so far as her lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)] vowels and in different methods. The dialect isn’t
dying out, even amongst younger folks!
5-Mar.-2011
770
Rodney Atkins, nation singer
Cumberland Hole
Tennessee
YouTube video, YouTube
video 5-July-2010
771
State senator Doug Jackson
Dickson
Tennessee
YouTube video The stuff politicians discover to quibble
about! 10-Mar.-2010
772
Dave’s mother
Dover
Tennessee
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 16-Feb.-2010
773
Dave’s dad
Dover
Tennessee
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 16-Feb.-2010
774
Committee members
Dunlap
Tennessee
YouTube video The girl who does many of the speaking is
clearly Inland, as is the person who speaks briefly in the direction of the tip. (The person
who talks essentially the most feels like a transplanted northerner.) 1-Nov.-2011
775
Politically lively resident
Dunlap
Tennessee
YouTube video To not detract in any manner from the considerations
of the primary speaker, primarily teenage consuming, and who appears to have
researched his topic, I discover it pleasant that his youngsters (presumably) are
enjoying “punch bug” within the background. Clearly Inland. 1-Nov.-2011
776
The Boyd Brothers, native nation singers
Dunlap
Tennessee
YouTube video Clearly Inland.
1-Nov.-2011
777
Diana Walker, southern gospel singer
Knoxville
Tennessee
audio & info
(Scroll right down to her testimony to hear.) Very constant and clear Inland,
however very sometimes does a protracted /ī/ [a] vowel with a diphthong [aɪ], for no apparent cause! (more
info) 11-July-2011
778
Rafael Eledge, Civil Struggle relic professional
Lawrenceburg
Tennessee
PBS
video (more info, more info)
This can be a fantastic pattern: Rafael is such a assured skilled, and his
accent is such good Inland Southern. 1-Might-2012
779
Fred Thompson, politician, actor, and so on.
Lawrenceburg
Tennessee
YouTube video (more info) Since now we have such a transparent pattern within the earlier
one from Rafael Eledge, it’s virtually pointless to incorporate this one. His
pronunciation right here is generally Lowland, which is likely to be defined by the actual fact
that he has labored extensively as an actor, and will presumably modify his
speech accordingly. Nonetheless, I made a decision to incorporate it anyway, as a result of in spite
of all this he does pronounce a number of phrases with a transparent Inland pronunciation,
notable the phrase “iceberg”, suggesting that his native dialect is Inland. 1-Might-2012
780
Storekeepers: Cathy Bell, Robbie Treadwell
Linden
Tennessee
YouTube video These 2 are clearly Inland. 12-June-2010
781
Dwight Hines, businessman
Lobelville
Tennessee
YouTube video All however the first one are clearly Southern, however solely this speaker
occurs to make use of any diagnostic phrases for Inland: his identify being certainly one of them!
(The primary speaker feels like a transplant from up North.) 12-June-2010
782
Mayor Randy Brundige
Martin
Tennessee
Google video (Video not public.) (Despatched in by Eli Ok.
Thanks!) 15-Jan.-2013
783
John Wilder, speaker, TN senate
Mason
Tennessee
YouTube video (Older r-dropper retaining Classical Southern, one thing solely heard
sometimes from a lot older audio system on this space.) 10-Mar.-2010
784
Roy Acuff, “king of nation music”
Maynardville
Tennessee
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) Lovely mixture
of Anglo-Celtic melody (more info) with conventional mountain dialect. YouTube
video, YouTube video Anyone like railroad songs? These are two
of the most effective! 5-Nov.-2014
785
Carl Smith, nation singer
Maynardville
Tennessee
YouTube video 10-Might-2011
786
Buddy Coppock, southern gospel singer
Maynardville
Tennessee
audio & info
(Scroll right down to his testimony to hear.) Very constant and clear Inland,
however very sometimes does a protracted /ī/ [a] vowel with a diphthong [aɪ], for no apparent cause! (more
info) 11-July-2011
787
Varied, presumably residents
McMinnville
Tennessee
YouTube video (All audio system are Lowland.) 10-Mar.-2010
788
Dottie West, nation singer
McMinnville
Tennessee
YouTube video (Clearly Lowland as properly!) 23-Feb.-2011
789
Grady Ward Partin, storyteller
Monteagle
Tennessee
YouTube video (Despatched in by Eva Griffin. Thanks!)
Contributor Eva Griffin recommended that the Grundy County dialects are
mountain dialects, i.e. Inland Southern, and she or he was fairly proper. Grundy
County is up on the Cumberland Plateau, all of which is solidly Inland
Southern. (See feedback in regards to the Cumberland Plateau within the Inland and Lowland Southern part.) 16-Mar.-2013
790
Don Hill, storyteller
Beersheba Springs /bûrshəbə sprēngz/ [ˈbɝʃəbə ˈspɹɪiŋz]
Tennessee
videos & info:
click on on Large Don “Tells It Like It Was”. (Despatched in by Eva Griffin.
Thanks! There’s much more nice data on the Grundy County history
web page.) 16-Mar.-2013
791
Doyle Lawson, bluegrass gospel singer
Fordtown
Tennessee
YouTube video He’s the older man. 5-Nov.-2015
792
Paula Flowers, politician
Monterey
Tennessee
YouTube video 10-Mar.-2010
793
U.S. Congressman Bart Gordon
Murfreesboro
Tennessee
YouTube video 10-Mar.-2010
794
Caucasian male, born 1990
Nashville
Tennessee
IDEA
audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
795
John Seigenthaler, journalist
Nashville
Tennessee
YouTube video (Older r-dropper retaining Classical Southern, dropping lots of his
droppable r’s, one thing solely heard sometimes from a lot older audio system in
this space.) 26-Jan.-2013
796
Ronnie McDowell, pop singer
Portland
Tennessee
YouTube video (more
info) 2-Dec.-2009
797
Darryl Worley /wûrlē/ [ˈwɝli],
nation singer
Pyburn
Tennessee
YouTube video 4-Sep.-2010
798
Bryan Simmons, southern gospel singer
Quebeck
Tennessee
Click here, then
click on on the second “Play Demo” hyperlink. (more
info, more
info) 31-July-2012
799
Caucasian male, born 1943
Ridgetop
Tennessee
IDEA
audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
800
Skylar McBee, school basketball participant
Rutledge
Tennessee
YouTube video (Despatched in by Jay Brantner. Thanks!) 18-Nov.-2011
801
Josh Franks, Southern gospel singer
Savannah
Tennessee
YouTube video (more info) 23-June-2010
802
Randy Parton, Dolly’s brother
Sevierville
Tennessee
YouTube video Dolly has modified her speech, however Randy
nonetheless speaks pure Inland Southern!
30-Jan.-2010
803
U.S. Congressman Jim Cooper
Shelbyville
Tennessee
YouTube video 10-Mar.-2010
804
Jimmy Martin, bluegrass singer
Sneedville
Tennessee
YouTube video, YouTube
video 25-Apr.-2013
805
Billy Blakely, fishing information
Tiptonville
Tennessee
YouTube video 26-Nov.-2009
806
Carl Perkins, rockabilly singer
Tiptonville
Tennessee
YouTube video 28-Mar.-2012
807
Herbert and Marie Adams, “Herbie City”
Trenton /trǐntən/ [ˈtʰɹɪɾ̃ən]
Tennessee
Google video (Despatched in by Eli Ok. Thanks!) 4-Sep.-2010
808
Ron Tempo, financier
Waverley
Tennessee
MSNBC video 20-Feb.-2010
809
Phillip Fulmer, soccer coach
Winchester
Tennessee
YouTube video 10-Mar.-2010
810
Caucasian male, born 1940, hair stylist
Amarillo
Texas
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
811
Jeannie C. Riley, nation singer, later southern gospel
singer
Anson
Texas
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) That is the tune that
made her well-known (and a bit infamous), however later she most well-liked to be identified
for her gospel music. 2-Sep.-2013
812
U.S. consultant Lloyd Doggett
Austin
Texas
YouTube
video 9-Might-2009
813
Colby Yates, bull rider & nation singer
Azle
Texas
YouTube video (more
info) Clearly has an Inland Southern accent, extra consultant of the
Dallas-Fort Value space than that of Kenny Marchant of Carrollton beneath. 6-Sep.-2011
814
Mark Chesnutt, nation singer
Beaumont
Texas
YouTube video Has a transparent Lowland South accent, however a number of
phrases sound Inland. I don’t have a superb clarification for this, since Beaumont
is way from the Inland Southern space.
12-Dec.-2011
815
Debra Medina, politician
Beeville
Texas
YouTube video 28-Apr.-2010
816
U.S. consultant Mac Thornberry
Clarendon
Texas
YouTube video 30-Dec.-2011
817
Terry Labonte, NASCAR driver
Corpus Christi
Texas
YouTube video Very thorough Lowland Southern, although
occasional diphthongs in voiced conditions, particularly earlier than /n/, which isn’t uncommon. This and the subsequent clip
reveal that the ANAE was mistaken, and that Corpus Christi isn’t
really a definite dialect. (I’ve now moved the Jim “Reverend Horton”
Heath clip to the Rejected Information part beneath.) 23-Nov.-2012
818
Bobby Labonte, NASCAR driver
Corpus Christi
Texas
YouTube video Very very like his brother, can’t determine
whether or not the phrase “time” has a diphthong or not. 23-Nov.-2012
819
U.S. consultant Kenny Marchant
Carrollton
Texas
YouTube video (clip at 5:35) The Dallas-Fort Value space
is likely one of the few areas the place there appears to be a mix of Inland Southern
and Lowland Southern based mostly maybe on class distinctions, although the bedrock
dialect appears to be Inland. Kenny Marchant on this clip speaks principally
Lowland, with occasional lapses into Inland. Nonetheless, the 2 audio system earlier than
him, apparently additionally locals, converse solely Inland. See Possible Southern Class Distinction?. 12-Dec.-2011
820
Valerie M., age 47, meals service employee
Dallas
Texas
ANAE info and audio (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) Clearly Inland
South! 31-Dec.-2011
821
Heather Cranford-Nied, sports activities commentator, and so on.
Dallas (Duncanville)
Texas
YouTube video (Her clip begins at 1:30) more info) Clearly speaks Inland Southern! 12-Dec.-2011
822
Ross Perot, Jr., businessman
Dallas
Texas
YouTube video Perot clearly comes from a rich household
and attended a personal college, which can clarify why he exhibits no signal of
Inland Southern, however solely Lowland Southern. See Possible Southern Class Distinction?. 12-Dec.-2011
823
Kent Hance, Texas Tech Chancellor
Dimmitt
Texas
YouTube video 20-Jan.-2010
824
State senator Eliot Shapleigh
El Paso
Texas
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) [48] 19-Aug.-2015
825
Ronn Lucas, ventriloquist
El Paso
Texas
YouTube video 24-Feb.-2011
826
Governor John Connally
Floresville
Texas
YouTube video, YouTube
video (Second one despatched in by Karl Gerlach. Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2012
827
Clayton Williams, oil man
Fort Stockton
Texas
YouTube video 12-Jan.-2010
828
Dr. Adam Boyd, M.D.
Franklin
Texas
audio & info 9-Might-2009
829
Ron White, comic
Fritch
Texas
YouTube video Not as objectionable as a few of his stuff,
until you like canines or dad and mom. (Despatched in by Y.I. Thanks!) 1-July-2010
830
Harry Kreisler, host of “Conversations with Historical past”
Galveston
Texas
YouTube video Hardly Southern in any respect. See Galveston
Movement. This was confirmed by contributor James Dallas: «Additionally,
relating to Galveston… I feel it’s an odd duck. I’m not stunned you
marked it as Midland however I feel it most likely a mixture of Midland and Lowland
Southern relying on geography, race and sophistication (actually, totally different
neighborhoods sound totally different similar to New Orleans, though undoubtedly
Galvestonians sound much less “fascinating” and nearer to “Broadcast Tv
American” than N’Orleanians do).» Adj.
13-Sep.-2017
I
listened to the pattern once more and realized that “pin”≠“pen”, so I adjusted the map accordingly. New! 14-Sep.-2017
831
Joe Don Baker, actor
Groesbeck
Texas
YouTube
video 9-Might-2009
832
Bob Moorhouse, photographer and rancher
Guthrie
Texas
National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum interview
(Supply recommended by archivist Laura Anne Heller. Thanks!) (more info) 23-Apr.-2011
833
Mary Kay Ash, entrepreneur
Houston /hyōōstən/ [ˈhjustən]
Texas
YouTube video Sure, I do know, she’s an older speaker, now
deceased, however there nonetheless have to be some actual southerners in Houston, proper?
Sure, there are: see the next! 23-Might-2011
834
Joel Osteen /ōstēn/ [ˈoʊˌstin],
“prosperity gospel” preacher
Houston
Texas
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) Lastly, a residing
Houstonian who really speaks Southern! (See additionally John
MacArthur) 16-Jan.-2012
835
White feminine, born 1981, school pupil
Huntsville
Texas
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
836
Vernon Dalhart, very early nation singer
Jefferson
Texas
YouTube video (Not the youngsters’ model of Large Rock Sweet
Mountain! Similar to the model in O
Brother The place Artwork Thou?.) Lowland Southern with hints of Classical,
however typically not Classical. 31-July-2012
837
Invoice Burns, fiddle participant
Lipan /līpăn/ [ˈlaˌpʰæn]
Adj. 14-Sep.-2017
Texas
YouTube video (Despatched in by Karl Gerlach. Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2012
838
Ed Gerlach, huge band legend
Livingston
Texas
YouTube video (Despatched in by Karl Gerlach. Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2012
839
Terry Allen, “outlaw” nation singer
Lubbock
Texas
YouTube video Sometimes his lengthy /ī/ vowels are [aɪ], however the overwhelming majority are clearly Inland Southern
[a], earlier than each voiced and unvoiced sounds. 3-Mar.-2011
840
Don Bowman, “outlaw” nation singer
Lubbock
Texas
YouTube video That is the notorious “Wildwood Weed” tune,
in its unique incarnation. (more info) 3-Mar.-2011
841
Julia Plumley, lifelong resident
Marfa
Texas
YouTube video (His clip begins at 1:43; despatched in by Karl
Gerlach. Thanks!) Clearly Inland, demolishing my idea that the Inland South
line adopted the western fringe of the Nice Plains all the way in which to the Mexican
border. 19-Aug.-2015
842
Caucasian male, born 1938
Mart
Texas
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
843
Common Tommy Franks
Midland
Texas
844
Larry Gatlin, nation singer
Odessa[49]
Texas
YouTube
video, YouTube video (Second one despatched in by Karl Gerlach.
Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2012
845
Leslie Satcher, nation singer
Paris
Texas
YouTube video 27-Mar.-2010
846
Gene Stallings, school soccer coach
Paris
Texas
YouTube video 9-Mar.-2012
847
George Strait, nation singer
Pearsall
Texas
848
Ray Worth, nation singer
Perryville
Texas
YouTube video 24-Mar.-2010
849
U.S. consultant Louie Gohmert
Pittsburg
Texas
YouTube
video, YouTube video (Second one despatched in by Karl Gerlach.
Thanks!) (There isn’t a “h” in “Pittsburg”, as identified by David Lawrence.
Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2012
850
Dickie Greenwood, President of Incapacity Assets, Inc.
Rochester
Texas
YouTube video (Despatched in by Karl Gerlach. Thanks!) This
speaker begins out attempting to not sound as Southern, however as he goes alongside his
speech settles into strong Inland Southern, besides as soon as proper on the finish. 8-Nov.-2012
851
Fess Parker, actor
San Angelo
Texas
YouTube video 31-Aug.-2009
852
George Jones, nation singer
Saratoga
Texas
YouTube video 23-Feb.-2010
853
Johnny Horton, nation singer
Rusk
Texas
YouTube video (Changed dangerous hyperlink.) 15-Dec.-2010
854
Caucasian feminine, born 1924
San Marcos
Texas
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
855
Caucasian male, born 1950(?)
Sanderson
Texas
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
856
Lieutenant Governor Invoice Ratliff
Sonora
Texas
YouTube video 27-Mar.-2010
857
Lisa Gail Allred, singer
Snyder
Texas
YouTube video (Despatched in by Karl Gerlach. Thanks!) audio and
info 19-Aug.-2015
858
Rex Linn, actor
Spearman
Texas
859
Lee Roy Parnell, nation singer
Stephenville
Texas
YouTube video Added interview clip: YouTube
video. Oops! I had him listed as being from Abilene, whereas he’s
really from Stephenville. Contributor Karl Gerlach set me straight. Thanks!
He additionally identified that he isn’t constant in his speech, which might be
heard on the interview clip, however he additionally clearly is Inland Southern, as a result of
these options maintain popping up, not like Ben Hogan, who’s Lowland. 4-Sep.-2012
860
Ben Hogan, professional golfer
Stephenville
Texas
YouTube video He’s one other speaker of Lowland in a
predominantly Inland Southern area. See Possible Southern Class Distinction?. 12-Dec.-2011
861
Ross Perot, Sr., Politician
Texarkana
Texas
YouTube
video, YouTube video (Second one despatched in by Karl Gerlach.
Thanks!) 8-Nov.-2012
862
Feminine, born 1980, pupil
Texarkana
Texas
IDEA audio
(source) The IDEA web site has now clarified that
she was born and raised there, so I’ve reinstated her as a legitimate pattern.
She is generally Lowland Southern, with a number of indicators of Inland Southern, which is not too shocking given how near the
border she lives. Within the first a part of the pattern, which was rote studying,
she appeared to pronounce a number of of her lengthy /ī/ [a(ɪ)]
vowels in a non-Southern manner, however within the second half she is sort of constant.
8-Nov.-2013
863
Sarah McClendon, correspondent
Tyler
Texas
YouTube
video (Her clip is at 8:40.) 13-Might-2009
864
Dale Evans, singer & actress
Uvalde
Texas
YouTube video 27-Mar.-2010
865
Tracy Byrd, nation singer
Vidor
Texas
YouTube video Has a transparent Lowland South accent, however a number of
phrases sound Inland. 15-Dec.-2010
866
U.S. consultant Joe Barton
Waco
Texas
YouTube
video 9-Might-2009
867
Varied residents
Waxahachie /wôksəhăchē/
[ˌwɒʊksəˈhæʧɪ]
Texas
YouTube video All residents clearly Inland, not like Byron
Nelson beneath! 6-Sep.-2011
868
Byron Nelson, professional golfer
Waxahachie
Texas
CBS News video (more info) He clearly speaks Lowland, though the native
dialect of Waxahachie appear to be Inland, as might be seen from the earlier
pattern. See Possible
Southern Class Distinction?.
12-Dec.-2011
869
Mary Martin, actress
Weatherford
Texas
YouTube video An actress, and one other speaker of Lowland
in a predominantly Inland Southern area. See Possible Southern Class Distinction?. 12-Dec.-2011
870
Caucasian feminine, born 1938
Weslaco /wĕsləkō/
[ˈwɛsləˌkʰəʊ]
Texas
IDEA audio (source) 8-Nov.-2013
871
Alan Wachsman, native Wichitan, sixth-generation Texan
(How in world do you pronounce “Wichitan”?)
Wichita Falls /wĭchĭtô fôlz/
[ˈwɪtʃɪˌtʰɒʊ ˈfɒʊlz]
Texas
YouTube video (more info) Typically discovering a superb sound pattern for a
explicit place is like pulling enamel: You search via dozens of net
websites and nonetheless don’t discover one. Not this time: the very first clip discovered by
looking for Wichita Falls on YouTube is that this one, and it’s wonderful, and
is as Inland North as you will get, filling in a pleasant clean spot. If solely it
have been all the time this simple! 19-Apr.-2011
872
Jamie Wilson, nation singer
Yancey
Texas
YouTube video, YouTube
video 5-Nov.-2013
873
Governor Michael Leavitt
Cedar Metropolis
Utah
YouTube video Clearly “pin”≠“pen”
and lengthy /ō/ [oʊ]
vowel is again of center, as anticipated. 11-Mar.-2016
874
Forrest Cuch, Indian chief
Fort Duchesne /dōōshān/ [ˌduˈʃeɪn]
Utah
YouTube video 26-Sep.-2009
875
Waldo Wilcox, rancher
Inexperienced River
Utah
YouTube video (more info) 26-Sep.-2009
876
Nolan Bushnell, founding father of Atari and Chuck E. Cheese’s
Ogden (Clearfield)
Utah
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
877
Governor Gary Herbert
Orem
Utah
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
878
Mayor Lewis Billings
Provo
Utah
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
879
Clayton Christensen, Harvard Professor
Salt Lake Metropolis
Utah
YouTube video 6-Feb.-2010
880
Hannah Teter, Olympic
snowboarder
Belmont
Vermont
YouTube video Not a real
Vermont accent? 11-Feb.-2011
881
Chris Wagner, dairy farmer
Enosburg, Franklin County
Vermont
YouTube video Very very like Mark Magnan. 5-Sep.-2013
882
Mark Magnan, dairy farmer
Fairfield, Franklin County
Vermont
YouTube video (Despatched in by R.E.M. Thanks!) Wonderful
Vermont accent, with all of the attribute options: “cot”=“caught”,
strongly fronted /är/
[aɹ], barely fronted /ou/ [aʊ].
Despite closeness to Canada, no elevating
of the latter. 5-Sep.-2013
883
Claire Stanley, dairy farmer
(East) Fairfield, Franklin County
Vermont
YouTube video (Despatched in by R.E.M. Thanks!) Very very like
Mark Magnan. 5-Sep.-2013
884
Paul Stanley, dairy farmer
Franklin, Franklin County
Vermont
YouTube video (His clip begins at 0:17.) (Despatched in by
R.E.M. Thanks!) Very very like Mark Magnan. 5-Sep.-2013
885
U.S. senator Patrick Leahy
Montpelier
Vermont
YouTube
video After suggestions from contributors,
and listening once more, I see that he does probably not have a definite Vermont
accent, though he grew up in Montpelier. Nonetheless he clearly does have
“cot”=“caught”. 11-Feb.-2011
886
Danny Perry, etymologist
Newport
Vermont
Video
(Self-recording for this website. Thanks!) He says, “I’m from a really rural space of
Vermont known as the Northeast Kingdom (or NEK for brief). Should you reduce Vermont
into 4 squares, the area is the highest proper quadrant. I dwell in Newport,
Vermont, proper on the Quebec border. The area I’m speaking about primarily
spans from Lowell, Vermont space on the west facet, all the way in which to the jap
border of the state. And it goes from the Canadian border right down to the Saint
Johnsbury, Vermont space.” 6-Nov.-2015
887
Ross Powers, Olympic
snowboarder
Peru
Vermont
YouTube
video A couple of contributor has
stated that Ross Powers does not have a
actual Vermont accent, and the non-pink examples are most likely higher. Nonetheless,
my query is: does southern Vermont have a much less pronounced accent than the
north? 6-Sep.-2013
888
Ron and Cheryl Machia (pronunciation?), dairy farmers
Sheldon, Franklin County
Vermont
YouTube video (Despatched in by R.E.M. Thanks!) She sounds very
very like Mark Magnan, however it isn’t clear whether or not she is from Sheldon or not.
He, alternatively, undoubtedly is from Sheldon, and he pronounces certainly one of
his vowels, /ă/
[æ], fairly in a different way from all the opposite folks from
Franklin County: it’s noticeably decrease and barely extra backed, precisely the
manner a Canadian would pronounce it. However all the remainder of his vowels appear to be
similar to the opposite folks from Franklin County, so this can be a little bit of an
enigma. And he actually doesn’t have Canadian elevating! 5-Sep.-2013
889
Invoice, previous timer
Stowe
Vermont
YouTube video Contributor Jon Protas says not one of the
previous three pink samples from Vermont exhibits an actual Vermont accent, so I
added this one. There have been a number of even higher ones, however they used some phrases
you may’t use on TV, so I couldn’t use it. There have been some others, however they
appeared to be of individuals imitating a Vermont accent, in order that they didn’t work
both! 2-Feb.-2011
890
George Woodard, dairy farmer
Waterbury
Vermont
YouTube video This was despatched in by Charlie Farrington as a
extra consultant pattern. Thanks!
11-Feb.-2011
891
John Bowman, bluegrass gospel singer
Ararat
Virginia
YouTube video (www.caccwarriors.com/john-bowman) 9-Sep.-2010
892
Katie Couric, CBS information anchor
Arlington
Virginia
YouTube video (more info) (“pin”≠“pen”) 5-Oct.-2010
893
Wealthy Lowry, Nationwide
Evaluation editor
Arlington
Virginia
YouTube video (more info) (“pin”≠“pen”) 5-Oct.-2010
894
Eric Schmidt, CEO of Google
Arlington
Virginia
YouTube video (“pin”≠“pen”,
besides “any”, “many”) 5-Oct.-2010
895
Hope Elliott, lifelong resident
Chesterfield
Virginia
video (Despatched in by Sam Williams. Thanks!) Very a lot
normal Lowland Southern, doesn’t
have both of the options that make Tidewater speech distinctive: the elevating
of “out” however not “down”, and the r-dropping of Classical Southern. That is
typical of youthful folks on this space, in line with contributor Sam
Williams, although he says that her grandfather has each. 19-Aug.-2015
896
Charles Stanley, pastor
Danville (Dry Fork)
Virginia
YouTube video 4-Sep.-2012
897
Elliott Sadler, NASCAR driver
Emporia
Virginia
YouTube video (His clip begins at 4:12.) He’s clearly
each Classical Southern, dropping most of his droppable r’s, and he’s fairly a younger man at 37,
displaying that Classical Southern is alive and properly! He’s additionally clearly
Tidewater, as his pronunciation of “out” exhibits! (Despatched in by Karl Gerlach.
Thanks!) 23-Nov.-2012
898
Varied residents
Guinea (Gloucester Nation)
Virginia
YouTube video (Despatched in by John Drummond. Thanks!) A singular
accent, with some options harking back to the Chesapeake Islands. Nonetheless,
not like the Chesapeake Islands, clearly falls inside Classical Southern, with
each Lowland Southern lengthy /ī/ vowel and r-dropping. Nonetheless, I have no idea
whether or not “pin”=“pen” or not, since no diagnostic phrase appears to happen, however I’m
guessing it’s like Norfolk. All audio system have the accent (besides the
narrator, in fact), although Nannie Mae has it a lot lower than the others. 8-Might-2013
899
Chris Kraft, NASA engineer
Hampton
Virginia
YouTube video 21-July-2009
900
James King bluegrass
Cana
Virginia
YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video, YouTube
video Very constant Inland
Southern, which defines the border clearly at this level. (See the dialogue
on the entries for Mount Ethereal, North Caroline.) What a tear jerker the second
clip is! 11-Nov.-2015
901
Jackson Household, bluegrass gospel singers (Joe Jackson,
banjo)
Hurley
Virginia
YouTube video 9-Sep.-2010
902
white male, born 1979
Leesburg
Virginia
IDEA audio
(source) 8-Nov.-2013
903
Jerry Falwell, preacher
Lynchburg
Virginia
904
June Carter Money (of the Carter Household), nation singer
Maces Spring
Virginia
audio,
YouTube
video 16-Apr.-2013
905
Ralph Stanley, bluegrass singer
McClure
Virginia
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlinks.) He sings tenor and
performs the banjo. 5-Nov.-2015
906
Carter Stanley, bluegrass singer
McClure
Virginia
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) He sings lead and
performs the guitar. 5-Nov.-2015
907
“Mom” Maybelle Addington Carter (of the Carter Household),
nation singer
Nickelsville
Virginia
YouTube video 16-Apr.-2013
908
Invoice Fanney, TV spokesman
Norfolk
Virginia
YouTube video Pleasant clip, clearly each Classical
Southern and Tidewater, and clearly “pin”≠“pen”,
which is simply true for a number of Tidewater cities, because the ANAE additionally exhibits. 8-Might-2013
909
L. Douglas Wilder, mayor of Richmond, governor of Virginia
Richmond
Virginia
YouTube video, YouTube
video Despatched in by Carlisle Childress. Thanks! He feedback: “I’d prefer to
supply the next video as a candidate for a local Richmond speaker. Doug
Wilder was the primary elected African-American governor within the US in 1990.
Though you may have stated that you weren’t following African American dialects,
he does converse similar to my father and his siblings (all Caucasians), all born
in the identical neighborhood about the identical time (Church Hill neighborhood in
Richmond VA, within the 20’s and 30’s).” I’m now together with some African American samples, however solely within the
Lowland South the place their dialects originated. Nonetheless, I hardly understand any
AAVE options in Doug Wilder’s
pronunciation, and surprise how he compares with different African Individuals in
Richmond. He has each the Tidewater elevating and Classical Southern, which
made me redraw each of those traces. 25-Apr.-2013
910
Margaret Gibson, poet
Richmond
Virginia
YouTube video I at first
thought that she was consultant of the normal Richmond accent, however
contributor Carlisle Childress clarified that she isn’t. She has neither the
Tidewater elevating nor Classical Southern, not like Douglas Wilder, who does
symbolize the normal accent.
25-Apr.-2013
911
U.S. Ambassador Nicholas Taubman
Roanoke
Virginia
912
U.S. consultant Virgil Goode
Rocky Mount
Virginia
913
E.C. Ball, gospel & folks singer
Rugby
Virginia
YouTube video 3-Apr.-2010
914
Wayne Henderson, guitar maker
Rugby
Virginia
YouTube video, YouTube
video 3-Apr.-2010
915
Harrison Tyler, grandson of president John Tyler
Sherwood Forest Plantation
Virginia
C-span video (His clips begin at 7:00) (Despatched in by Robert
Taylor. Thanks!) He clearly demonstrates each Classical Southern and
Tidewater elevating, as in his
pronunciation of “home”. His spouse Payne Tyler (her clips begin at 18:20)
additionally has a really fascinating accent, considerably totally different from his, however I’ve
not discovered any particular data on the place she grew up. Adj. 2-Oct.-2017
916
Anne Tyler Netick, great-granddaughter of president John
Tyler
Sherwood Forest Plantation
Virginia
C-span video (Her clip begins at 2:22:40.) (Despatched in by
Robert Taylor. Thanks!) (more info) She clearly demonstrates each Classical
Southern and Tidewater elevating, as in
her pronunciation of “about”. 13-Apr.-2013
917
Brothers Don & Harold Reid, southern gospel singers
Staunton /stăntən/ [ˈstænʔn̩]
Virginia
YouTube video 8-Apr.-2013
918
Varied residents
Tangier Island
Virginia
YouTube video 9-Sep.-2010
919
The Singing Cookes, bluegrass and southern gospel singers
Smart
Virginia
YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video, YouTube
video, YouTube video (more info)
Beautiful concord and Inland Southern! 6-Apr.-2013
920
Douglas Osheroff, physicist
Aberdeen
Washington
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) 16-Might-2013
921
Bob Hickman, saddle maker
Colfax
Washington
YouTube video (more info) 6-Dec.-2010
922
Kirk Triplett, professional golfer
Pullman
Washington
YouTube video 25-Nov.-2010
923
Travis B., contributor
North Bonneville
Washington
Audio (Self-recording for this website. Thanks!) This
contributor has exactly the accent we might anticipate for this location. He
additionally clearly pronounces “poor” as /pȯr/
[ˈpʰoɹ] and “tour” as /tōōər/ [ˈtʰᵿʉɚ],
displaying that he solely has 5 r-colored vowels, similar to my spouse who speaks
West Midland, suggesting that the particular r-colored vowel /ŏŏr/
could also be restricted to the northeastern U.S. (See R’s Between Vowels: To Color or Not to Color and
footnote Error!
Bookmark not outlined. for extra particulars.) 29-Aug.-2015
924
Judy Collins, folks singer
Seattle
Washington
YouTube video 6-Sep.-2011
925
Aya Sumika, actress
Seattle
Washington
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) 16-Might-2013
926
Invoice Gates, Microsoft cofounder
Seattle
Washington
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) 17-Might-2013
927
Richard Karn, actor & recreation present host
Seattle
Washington
YouTube video (Changed useless hyperlink.) 17-Might-2013
928
U.S. consultant George Nethercutt
Spokane
Washington
YouTube video 25-Nov.-2010
929
Tom Maccarone, restaurateur
Walla Walla
Washington
YouTube video (Despatched in by S. Radtke. Thanks!) 19-Feb.-2011
930
Jay Randolph, sports activities commentator
Clarksburg
West Virginia
931
Homer Hickam, NASA engineer
Coalwood
West Virginia
932
Richard Thompson, politician
Fort Homosexual
West Virginia
YouTube video (more
info) (Can’t get a protracted sufficient clip to make certain “cot”=“caught”, however the
surrounding samples are clear.) 28-Apr.-2010
933
Jim Grobe, school soccer coach
Huntington
West Virginia
YouTube video 2-Dec.-2009
934
Don Blankenship, coal CEO
Matewan /mātwŏn/ [ˈmeɪtˌwɑn]
West Virginia
YouTube video 26-July-2012
935
Matewan
West Virginia
YouTube
video 28-Apr.-2010
936
Tom Chafin, descendant of the feudin’ Hatfields
Matewan
West Virginia
YouTube video (Clip begins at 4:50.) 30-Apr.-2010
937
Lawrence Kasdan, film producer, director, and
screenwriter
Morgantown
West Virginia
YouTube video (His clip begins at 2:20.) (more
info) That is the second northernmost instance of Southern (after close by
Cumberland, Maryland), and is a uncommon case of somebody within the film business
who retains a powerful regional accent! He appears to have “cot”=“caught”, not like
Cumberland, however this isn’t shocking.
23-July-2011
938
Mark Funkhouser, Kansas Metropolis mayor
Paden
West Virginia
939
Steve Chapman, gospel singer
Level Nice
West Virginia
YouTube video (more info) 1-Sep.-2014
940
John McKay, soccer coach
Shinnston
West Virginia
941
Common Chuck Yeager, take a look at pilot
Myra
West Virginia
YouTube video I’ve listened to varied samples of his,
and clearly “cot”≠“caught”,
although they’re pretty shut! Now have to confirm Charleston. 28-Apr.-2010
942
Annie Chapman, gospel singer
Southside
West Virginia
YouTube video (more info) 1-Sep.-2014
943
Sara Stapleton, highschool principal
Wayne
West Virginia
YouTube video (Her clip begins at 3:57.) 28-Apr.-2010
944
Steven Akers, highschool pupil
Wayne
West Virginia
YouTube video (His clip begins at 0:41.) 28-Apr.-2010
945
Arden Cogar, Sr., lumberjack
Webster Springs
West Virginia
YouTube video 1-July-2010
946
John Corbett, actor
Wheeling
West Virginia
YouTube video Oops! I had put Wheeling within the “pin”=“pen”
area, however I will need to have been in a rush: Each audio system clearly distinguish. 12-June-2010
947
Bob Ney, speak radio host
Wheeling
West Virginia
YouTube video 22-Aug.-2009
948
J. P. Hayes, professional golfer
Appleton
Wisconsin
YouTube video 3-June-2011
949
Matt Kenseth, NASCAR driver
Cambridge
Wisconsin
YouTube video Not as sturdy as some Inland North, however
nonetheless consultant. 31-Dec.-2011
950
Thomas Christianson, boil grasp
Door County
Wisconsin
YouTube video (Despatched in by Y.I. Thanks!) 28-Oct.-2010
951
State senator Dave Hansen
Inexperienced Bay
Wisconsin
YouTube video 29-Dec.-2010
952
Laura, most cancers affected person
Inexperienced Bay (Hobart)
Wisconsin
YouTube video (Despatched in by Anneke Majors. Thanks!) 24-Jan.-2011
953
Protection secretary Les Aspin
Milwaukee
Wisconsin
YouTube video 16-Mar.-2010
954
Craig Counsell, professional baseball participant
Milwaukee
Wisconsin
YouTube video (Clip begins at 4:00) 16-Feb.-2010
955
John Koepke /kĕpkē/ [ˈkʰɛpki],
dairy producer
Oconomowoc /ōkŏnəmōŏk/ [ˌoˈkʰanəmoˌak]
Wisconsin
YouTube video 3-June-2011
956
State senator Joe Leibham /līphŏm/
[ˈlaɪpˌham]
Sheboygan /shəboigən/
[ʃəˈbɔɪɡən]
Wisconsin
YouTube
video, YouTube
video This man speaks what I’ve all the time regarded as a typical
Wisconsin accent, although I now understand that it’s restricted to southern and
jap Wisconsin, and is just a reasonably pure (or excessive) instance of Inland
North, additionally heard elsewhere within the area.
2-Mar.-2011
957
Secretary of state Lawrence Eagleburger
Stevens Level
Wisconsin
YouTube video 16-Mar.-2010
958
Chris Bangle, automobile designer
Wausau
Wisconsin
YouTube video 6-Sep.-2011
959
Lynne Cheney, spouse of U.S. vp
Casper
Wyoming
960
U.S. consultant Cynthia Lummis
Cheyenne
Wyoming
961
U.S. senator Alan Ok. Simpson
Cody
Wyoming
962
Steve Moulton, Western singer and rancher
Encampment
Wyoming
National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum interview
(Supply recommended by archivist Laura Anne Heller. Thanks!) 23-Apr.-2011
963
Douglas Owsley, forensic anthropologist
Lusk
Wyoming
YouTube video, YouTube
video What I stated about Torrington beneath nonetheless appears to be true, however the
pin-pen line makes a reasonably sharp twist now, and it makes me surprise. 1-Sep.-2014
964
Jesse Garcia, actor
Rawlins
Wyoming
YouTube video 8-Feb.-2010
965
Lexie Madden, Miss Wyoming 2012
Torrington
Wyoming
YouTube video, YouTube
video Despatched in by M.W. Thanks! He complained that in Torrington “pin”≠“pen”, and he was proper. Actually,
Torrington has a number of options that distinguish it from the remainder of Wyoming
and from close by cities in Nebraska. 9-Mar.-2013
966
Phil Gatensby, counselor
Carcross
Yukon Territory
967
Stanley, Sr., Native American from Gwich’in tribe
Outdated Crow
Yukon Territory
Rejected Information:
(These are folks raised in a sure place, however not
representing the native dialect. If any of you may have native data and suppose
that these folks do symbolize the
native dialect, please let me know!) 3-Nov.-2011
Reject:
Collin Raye, nation singer
De Queen
Arkansas
YouTube
video Once I first heard him, singing this clip, I believed, “Okay,
he’s from De Queen, Arkansas, and he speaks Inland Southern.” Seems I used to be
mistaken on each counts. First, he’s completely inconsistent: he typically sings
Inland, as on this clip, however normally sings Lowland, as within the first tune on
this interview clip: YouTube video, however he doesn’t really speak Southern at
all, as might be heard within the interview. Additionally, although he was born in De Queen,
he was raised someplace
in Texas. The primary clip is a cool tune, and I had at first assumed that
it was a real story about Collin Raye’s grandparents, however I can discover nothing
to point this. Even so, he most likely sang it in Inland Southern as a result of he
was pondering of his personal grandparents, who might have been from De Queen. (I
solely included all this as a result of I just like the tune.)
25-Feb.-2011
Reject:
Joe Spano, actor [50]
San Francisco
California
Reject:
Christopher Lloyd, actor
New Canaan
Connecticut
YouTube
video 26-Sep.-2009
Reject:
U.S. president George H. W.
Bush
Greenwich
Connecticut
YouTube video (Evidently spent an excessive amount of time in Texas!) 16-Nov.-2009
John
Malkovich, filmmaker
Benton
Illinois
YouTube video (Has “pin”≠“pen”,
however Benton is “pin”=“pen”) 8-Jan.-2011
Invoice
Doba, soccer coach
New Carlisle
Indiana
YouTube video (Evidently has picked up some Southernisms
from locations he has coached!) 8-Jan.-2011
Reject:
Hank
Harris, actor
Duluth
Minnesota
YouTube video 1-Might-2010
Reject:
Cape Girardeau
Missouri
YouTube
video 7-Might-2009
Reject:
Sikeston
Missouri
YouTube
video 7-Might-2009
Reject:
Melanie Wilkinson, reporter
Clearwater
Nebraska
YouTube video (more info) “cot”=“caught”; the place did that come from?
Reject:
Kyle Rosfeld, boot maker
Valentine
Nebraska
Reject:
Harvey Perlman, Chancellor,
UNL
York
Nebraska
YouTube video (more info) Based on the earlier web site, he was
raised in York, however this website and a number of other others say he was born in
Lincoln. So the query is, when did
he transfer to York? Based mostly on the opposite samples from York, that are Northern, I
assume he doesn’t symbolize York. 7-Nov.-2011
Reject:
Leah Dizon, mannequin
Las Vegas
Nevada
YouTube video Native Las Vegan contributor Jim Hoffman
stated that this speaker has a slight Asian accent, and recommended Andre Agassi
as an alternative. Thanks! 5-Mar.-2011
Reject:
Matt Bonner, professional basketball
participant[52]
Harmony
New Hampshire
YouTube
video 2-June-2009
Reject:
Richard Lederer, columnist
Harmony
New Hampshire
YouTube
video 2-June-2009
Reject:
U.S. first girl Barbara Bush
Rye
New York
YouTube video (Evidently spent an excessive amount of time in Texas!) 16-Nov.-2009
Gavin Veris, professional soccer
participant
Chillicothe /chǐlǐkôthē/ [ˌtʃʰɪlɪˈkʰɒθi]
Ohio
YouTube video Oops! He appears to be like African American, however speaks
Common American, with no trace of AAVE, and with “pin”≠“pen”!
I believed this was for historic causes, e.g.: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chillicothe,_OH#History, and
that he represented the native “white” dialect, however the truth is the native white
dialect has “pin”=“pen”, one thing I used to be in a position to decide by watching a
documentary in regards to the city, wherein all of the audio system have been locals. 3-Nov.-2011
Reject:
Gerald Tremblay, mayor
Montreal
Quebec
YouTube video Doesn’t have Canadian elevating, however is a local French speaker! 1-July-2010
Mayor James Ruberto /rəbârtō/
[ɹəˈbeɹˌtʰoʊ]
Pittsfield
Massachusetts
YouTube video (Despatched in by Nicole Garzino. Thanks!) (more info)
Nicole Garzino had proposed this speaker as consultant of Pittsfield,
though he clearly has an Inland North accent. What makes all of it
complicated is that he apparently was raised and born in Pittsfield, a minimum of
in line with the above website online, and for some time I adjusted the map assuming
that he was consultant, though it makes some bizarre bends within the
traces. Nonetheless, I’ve lastly needed to reject him, for causes given below Gary Kitmacher.
20-Apr.-2011
Jean Charest, Premier of
Quebec
Sherbrooke
Quebec
YouTube video Doesn’t have Canadian elevating, however is a local French speaker! 1-July-2010
Reject:
Two residents
Trenton
Tennessee
Google video (It isn’t clear if this girl is from
Trenton, however she speaks Lowland, and the folks within the different clip from
Trenton, who’re much more more likely to be natives, converse Inland. The pattern of
the opposite particular person on this clip is simply too brief to make certain.) (Despatched in by Eli Ok.
Thanks!) 20-Feb.-2010
Reject:
Jim “Reverend Horton” Heath,
“country-fed punkabilly” singer
Corpus Christi
Texas
YouTube
video The ANAE had claimed that Corpus Christi didn’t converse Southern, and
I believed this clip proved it, however really the Labontes reveal the
reverse. 23-Nov.-2012
Reject:
Dan Blocker, “Hoss” on Bonanza
O’Donnell
Texas
YouTube video (Supposedly grew up in O’Donnell, in west
Texas, however speaks Lowland. Nonetheless, the data in Wikipedia is sketchy.)
Reject:
Jimbo Fisher, FSU assistant
soccer coach.[53]
Clarksburg
West Virginia
Reject:
Larry Wilcox, actor
Rawlins
Wyoming
YouTube video (As a result of he’s an actor, he has evidently
discovered to say “ten-four” as an alternative of “tin-four”!)
8-Feb.-2010
The three largest dialects which can be characterised by the
cot-caught merger, The West and the 2 predominant Canadian dialects, even have one
different function in frequent: the vowel of “too” is considerably extra fronted than
the vowel of “toe”. Now this example isn’t seen in England, however it’s in
Scotland, the place the distinction in fronting of “too” and “toe” is much more
excessive. And it seems that many
speakers of Scottish English also have the cot-caught merger! (Actually,
they solely have 12 vowels, having additionally merged the vowels in “good” and “meals”.)
Canadian English has different options like Scottish English, particularly the
pronunciation of the “lengthy vowels” in “boat” and “bait” as pure vowels relatively
than diphthongs, and the decrease, extra central pronunciation of the vowel in
“bat”. Subsequently, it appears possible that Canadian English, which had very heavy
Scottish immigration, took all of those options from Scottish English. (Newfoundland additionally had very important
Irish affect, and this has given its English a particular Irish
pronunciation, particularly in Irish Newfoundland.)
The dialect of the West within the U.S. might then have taken simply the cot-caught
merger and the fronting of the vowel of “too” from Canadian English, since no
different U. S. dialect has the latter. 4-Apr.-2011
How the opposite dialects with the cot-caught merger obtained it’s
much less clear, however it’s evident from the map that they’re all near the
Canadian border! Particularly, based mostly on the western settlement patterns, it
appears pretty clear that the North Central dialect is just a case of audio system
from the North dialect who’ve adopted the cot-caught merger from the West and
from Canada.
|
|
/ä/ “ah”
|
brief /ŏ/
|
/ô/ “aw”
|
|
England:
|
[ɑ]
|
[ɔ]
|
[o:]
|
|
GNYC:
|
[ɑə]
|
[a]
|
[oə]
|
|
ENE:
|
[a]
|
[ɒə]
|
|
|
South:
|
[ɑ]
|
[ɒʊ]
|
|
|
MEA:
|
[ɑ]
|
|
[ɒ]
|
|
Earlier than↓
|
|
|
|
|
/ok/ [k]
|
Bach’s†
|
field
|
balks*
|
|
/r/ [ɹ]
|
sparring
|
horrid
|
warring
|
|
/ŧħ/ [ð]
|
father
|
trouble
|
(broader)
|
|
/b/ [b]
|
Saab†
|
sob
|
|
|
/n/ [n]
|
Kahn†
|
con
|
|
|
/l/ [l]
|
Mali†
|
Molly
|
|
|
/m/ [m]
|
balm*
|
bomb
|
|
|
/m/ [m]
|
psalm*
|
Somme
|
|
|
/m/ [m]
|
palm*
|
pompom
|
|
|
/m/ [m]
|
qualm*
|
||
|
/m/ [m]
|
alms*
|
||
|
/m/ [m]
|
calming*
|
frequent
|
|
|
—
|
ah
|
|
awe
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ha
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haw
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la
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regulation
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ma‡
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maw
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pa‡
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paw
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(11-Mar.-2016)
The Father-Hassle distinction
In Jap New England (ENE), many Larger New York Metropolis
(GNYC) audio system, England, Australia, varied different former British colonies,
and probably a number of audio system within the Maritime Provinces of Canada, the phrases “father” and
“trouble” don’t rhyme, having totally different vowels within the first syllable. Not
solely that, however in all of those areas besides Jap New England and probably
the Maritimes the phrases “father”, “trouble”, and “broader” all have totally different
vowels. Nonetheless, the phrases with /ä/ (the vowel in “father”) are comparatively few, so there
are few minimal pairs (scroll right down to the second group; I discovered a
few extra here). 11-Mar.-2016
I’ve solely discovered one minimal triple, which was solely
attainable by together with the identify Bach, which isn’t an English phrase within the
strictest sense. The three phrases “Bach’s”, “field”, and “balks” would every be
pronounced in a different way in most of those areas, together with England. Nonetheless, in
Larger New York Metropolis “Bach’s” and “field” are the identical (confirmed by GNYC
contributor Kevin McNamara), though GNYC audio system make the three-way
distinction within the different phrases listed, due to the truth that the phonetic
pronunciations of /ä/
and /ŏ/
are reversed from the opposite areas, as proven within the chart.[55]
In Jap New England “field” and “balks” could be the identical, however “Bach’s”
could be totally different. (Within the chart, MEA means “Many Jap Individuals”.
Clearly, all of these with the cot-caught merger
would say all of them with the identical vowel, and I’ve not proven this.) 11-Mar.-2016
A part of the difficulty is the restricted variety of consonants
which can comply with the /ä/ vowel. That’s, native English phrases with /ä/ are
comparatively few if you happen to don’t rely phrases wherein an r has been dropped within the
pronunciation, since most of those areas (although not the Maritimes) are systematic r-dropping areas. Thus, in most of
these areas the phrases “father” and “farther” are an identical, and most phrases
spelled with “ar” are pronounced with /ä/. 17-Dec.-2015
However other than these phrases with dropped r’s, or with /ä/ earlier than an
/r/ between vowels as within the second row within the
chart, native English phrases with /ä/ earlier than a consonant are virtually nonexistent, the one
real circumstances being “father” and the “alm” phrases.
(This is the reason I had so as to add the international names marked with †, simply to
assist fill out the chart, and even these don’t work in GNYC.) On the opposite
hand, there are fairly a quantity on the finish of a phrase, because the final 5 rows of
the chart present, however none of those have minimal pairs with brief /ŏ/,
solely with /ô/. 17-Dec.-2015
The chart on the left exhibits examples of those three teams
of phrases. 26-Sep.-2016
There’s one other group of phrases which have /ä/ in
southern England (and sometimes in Jap New England), however /ă/ in
most of North America and the remainder of Britain, like “employees”, “move”, “half”,
“tub”, “relatively”, and so on. I’ve not included any of those within the chart. 30-Mar.-2010
Scotland is a particular case: “father” and “trouble” don’t
rhyme, however there is no such thing as a distinction between /ä/ and /ă/, so “palm”=“Pam”, “psalm”=“Sam”,
and “father” rhymes with “relatively”. See the previous
section for more information in regards to the Scottish vowel system. 11-Jan.-2011
Those that lack the father-bother distinction will
pronounce the vowels within the first two columns the identical, besides that the phrase
“horrid” is variable, being pronounced /hŏrid/
([ˈhɑɹɪd]
and even [ˈhaɹɪd]) within the northeastern
U.S., however /hȯrid/ [ˈhoɹɪd] by most Individuals. (There might or might
not be an intermediate group that claims /hôrid/
[ˈhɔɹɪd].) Many related phrases have
this similar variation, as in “horrible”, “porridge”, “coral”. 7-Feb.-2013
* Most English audio system
worldwide don’t pronounce the “l” in these phrases, and particularly all of
these with the Father-Hassle distinction or who’re systematic r-droppers
apparently don’t. Nonetheless, many Individuals do. See the next part, The Pronunciation of “-alm” and “-olk” and “-alk”, for a dialogue of those
phrases. 24-Sep.-2011
† In Larger New York
Metropolis every of those phrases is similar because the corresponding phrase within the subsequent
column, however apparently in all different areas with the Father-Hassle distinction
they’re totally different. See additionally the dialogue within the second paragraph above. 17-Dec.-2015
‡
Many Jap Individuals (MEA) might pronounce these two phrases the identical as
the corresponding phrase within the third column, however I doubt that any with the
father-bother distinction do. 17-Dec.-2015
Do you pronounce the “l” within the
purple phrases within the chart beneath? How about within the blue phrases? I don’t pronounce
the “l” in any of them! Nonetheless, I do pronounce the “l” in the entire inexperienced
phrases, although some folks don’t pronounce it in all of those. I solely turned
conscious in 2011 that many Individuals pronounce the “l” within the purple phrases, and I’m
looking for out if the distribution is regional, or is simply all combined up!
(The phrases in parentheses are usually not quite common, so don’t take note of them
if you happen to aren’t certain, or in the event that they don’t work just like the others.) 15-Might-2012
Most Individuals apparently
pronounce the “l” within the purple phrases within the first column beneath, a smaller quantity
pronounce the “l” within the purple phrases within the second column, and a fair smaller
quantity pronounce the “l” within the purple phrases within the third column, however like me some
Individuals undoubtedly don’t pronounce the “l” in any of them, nor do the huge
majority of English audio system outdoors North America.
1-June-2011
I’m pretty sure that no
native English audio system pronounce the “l” within the blue phrases. Nonetheless, I believed
that was true of the third purple column, and I used to be proved mistaken, so please let me
know. 8-June-2011
Please let me know which phrases
you pronounce the “l” in, and which you don’t. Remember to examine them with the
phrases in black beneath to see in the event that they rhyme. In the event that they do, then you definately aren’t
saying the “l”! 1-June-2011
I turned conscious in late 2011 that
some audio system pronounce “my people” with out the
“l”, however “folks tune” with an “l”.
Equally, some audio system pronounce “corn stalk”
(a noun) with out the “l”, however “I stalk the deer”
(a verb) with an “l”. If any of you who’ve already answered the survey discover
that you simply do the identical, please let me know. 15-Might-2012
In English the variety of phrases
which finish in “-alm” or “-alms” is
restricted. The one ones of those that are actually frequent, well-known phrases are
listed within the first column of the primary chart above, though clearly there
are different phrases derived from these which can be additionally frequent, like “embalm” or
“becalm” or “psalms”. (This
web site lists a number of extra, however they’re so uncommon they don’t even present up in
normal dictionaries. The phrase “realm” doesn’t rely, since its pronunciation
is totally totally different.) So, the record is brief, although it’s clearly a
pronunciation sample. Now, all over the world most English audio system, together with
myself, don’t pronounce the “l” in these phrases, and these phrases contribute to
the brief record of phrases containing the /ä/ vowel for these audio system who
don’t rhyme the phrases “father” and “trouble”, as mentioned within the previous section. Because of this this record of phrases,
although brief, is considerably essential when discussing what number of vowels a
explicit speaker has. 19-Might-2011
Till 2011 I had assumed that
traditionally the “l” in the entire purple phrases above was utterly misplaced in all
English dialects, and that the few audio system who did pronounce the “l” did so
as a result of it had been reintroduced based mostly on a “bookish” pronunciation. Nonetheless, I
appear to have been fairly mistaken. Quite a lot of contributors to this web page have
written in and informed me so, after seeing the “-alm”
phrases listed within the previous section, and marked as
having a “silent l”. Thus, contributor Jon from Sacramento, California
disagrees: “I’d additionally word that the entire phrases that you simply record with a silent
‘l’ in your father-bother distinction (balm, psalm, palm, alms, calming) I
would say with a swallowed however nonetheless current to various levels “l” sound, and
I feel the vast majority of folks I grew up with in Sacramento would too.” Thus he
pronounces “balm” as /bŏlm/ ([ˈbɒɫm]
(he doesn’t distinguish “cot” and “caught”), with a “dark l”, which
would sound virtually “swallowed”, as he describes it, although clearly there. 15-Might-2012
I ought to have realized that it
wasn’t a bookish pronunciation, because it solely applies to sure teams of
phrases, as proven within the first chart above, to not all phrases with silent “l”, of
which there are many.
I’ve listed the primary teams within the first chart above. 3-June-2011
After I used to be challenged by these
two contributors, I went wanting on the Web, and located that there’s
certainly one American dictionary that lists a pronunciation of a few of these
phrases with the “l” pronounced, the On-line Merriam-Webster dictionary, in all of
these phrases: calm, palm,
balm,
psalm,
qualm,
alms,
and napalm,
and even offers audio samples of the “l” pronunciation. This was shocking
to me, since most dictionaries, each American and British, give solely a
pronunciation with no “l”. (Merriam-Webster additionally offers one other pronunciation /kăm/
for “calm”, which might evidently be the Scottish pronunciation, like “palm”
talked about above.) 16-Might-2011
Contributor Y.I. has identified
to me that the ANAE Ch. 2, p. 14 had additionally noticed this phenomenon: “Phrases
with vocalized /l/ shaped part of this class: calm,
palm, balm, almond, although numerous North
Individuals have retained or restored the /l/.” Like
me, they’re apparently uncertain whether or not the “l” was retained or restored, and
sadly they haven’t offered any assist in regards to the regional distribution.
(In this book, additionally discovered by Y.I., the belief is just
made that these “l”s are retained as a result of
of spelling pronunciations, with out offering any proof.) I had not
beforehand considered the phrase “almond” as belonging to this class, since I myself pronounce the “l” on this phrase, as /ôlmənd/ ([ˈɒlmənd], fairly totally different from my “calm” /kŏm/ ([ˈkʰɑm]. (I distinguish “cot” and “caught” however not
“father” and “trouble”.) Nonetheless, after consulting my many dictionaries, none of
them acknowledge such a pronunciation, however say that the right pronunciation is
both /ämənd/
or /ămənd/!
I checked with my spouse, who’s from Nebraska and doesn’t pronounce the “l” in
“calm”, although she does in “balm”, and she or he does
pronounce it in “almond”, simply as I do. The Online Merriam-Webster dictionary comes the closest to our pronunciation, a minimum of recognizing that
some folks do pronounce the “l”, however they provide the choices as /ämənd/,
/ămənd/,
/älmənd/,
or /ălmənd/.
I discover the third of those 4 choices extraordinarily unlikely, and speculate that
maybe a speaker for whom /ä/ = /ŏ/ = /ô/ might have labored on this entry.) Most American
dictionaries give each /ämənd/ and /ămənd/, and
in line with contributor Marna Ducharme, her grandmother who all the time lived in
New York Metropolis stated /ămənd/
[ˈæmənd]. Not solely that, however a number of
contributors (Emmor Nile, James Divine, John Kelly), have informed me that it has
the /ămənd/
[ˈæmənd] pronunciation all through California’s
Central Valley, the place they develop a lot of them! In any case, it appears clear that
“almond” usually doesn’t associate with the opposite “-alm”
phrases. 2-Oct.-2011
Later I noticed that a whole lot of
folks additionally pronounce the “l” in “folks” and “yolk”, as proven within the Initial Survey Results chart beneath. Virtually all of
these additionally pronounce the “l” in “calm”, suggesting that the 2 phrase teams are
a part of the identical sample of “l” retention. 8-June-2011
So this appears to be a
conservative function paying homage to a time when the “l” within the purple phrases was
pronounced by all audio system, and as such, might be a regional function like
the others on the map. 8-June-2011
If this can be a conservative
function, then it will need to have been introduced over to the U.S. from some area of
Nice Britain or Eire. Nonetheless, there may be virtually no hint of this “l”
wherever on this space, not even in Scotland or Eire, from which most of the conservative
options in American English got here. Nonetheless, my trusty contributor Y.I. has been
in a position to monitor down one attainable supply: what known as the West Country
of England (actually the acute southwest) apparently continues to pronounce
this “l”, in line with John Wells in The Accents of English, page
346, in a bit describing the vowels within the West Nation.
Based on this article, <<The West Nation accent might be
most recognized in American English as “pirate speech” – cartoon-like “Ooh arr, me ’earties! Sploice the mainbrace!”
speak could be very related. This can be a results of the sturdy seafaring and
fisherman custom of the West Nation, each authorized and outlaw.>> Clearly
this accent might have had affect within the Americas (as recommended in this linguistics book tracked down by contributor Y.I.),
although why the affect has been so pervasive is unclear. 6-Sep.-2011
In any case, the retention of
this “l” thus doesn’t appear to rely on whether or not or not “cot”=“caught”, since
it happens throughout the continent. Nonetheless, I’m pretty sure that every one audio system
who’re systematic r-droppers all the time lack the
“l” within the “calm” group, and that every one audio system with the father-bother
distinction do too. This is smart, because the ensuing vowel is /ä/, which
primarily happens as the results of r-dropping. It’s much less clear why the “yolk”
group would drop the “l” for this group, because the ensuing vowel /ō/ [oʊ] does
not usually happen because of r-dropping.
2-Oct.-2011
Not like the opposite information on the primary
map, this information isn’t from audio or video sound samples, however from self-analysis
and direct interviews, since discovering particular person phrases in sound samples is
virtually inconceivable. It seems that the overwhelming majority of Individuals pronounce the
“l” in “calm”, aside from these in systematic
r-dropping areas (as talked about within the previous
section), and close by areas like Poughkeepsie and Port Chester, New York, in
the Jap North dialect. (New Orleans appears to have adopted GNYC on this as
in lots of different options, a minimum of so far as the frequent phrases go.) So it will
appear that I’m in a small minority! Evidently my dialect
was influenced by my dad and mom greater than I noticed: my Dad was from Port
Chester, New York, an space that doesn’t pronounce the “l”, and my mom was
initially from Australia, which is a scientific r-dropping space, and so once more
doesn’t pronounce the “l”. Even so, I can’t consider I didn’t even discover such
a widespread sample for therefore lengthy! As for Canada, it appears possible that many or
most there additionally retain the “l”, although to date I solely have information for one location. 6-Sep.-2011
We now appear to have sufficient information
that the geographical sample is changing into clear for the “calm” group and to a
lesser extent for the “yolk” group, although the “speak” group stays unclear.
Nonetheless, we clearly nonetheless want extra information to map these patterns absolutely. In
explicit we want extra places the place the “l” in these phrases is unquestionably not pronounced. Assist me out, folks.
This can be a quite simple factor so that you can write in and inform me: “I grew up in X,
and I pronounce the “l” in all these phrases,” or “I grew up in Y, and I don’t
pronounce the “l” in any of those phrases besides ‘almond’,” or regardless of the case
could also be. 15-Might-2012
Inland and Lowland Southern and their relationship to the extent
of slavery earlier than the Civil Struggle
Earlier than discussing the distribution of Inland Southern and
Lowland Southern, I have to outline them extra clearly, since I discover that there
is a whole lot of confusion as to what I imply by Inland Southern versus Lowland
Southern. 17-Apr.-2013
Inland Southern has full monophthongization of lengthy /ī/ [aɪ] to [a].
Which means that all lengthy /ī/ vowels are usually not diphthongs [aɪ],
however primarily pure vowels, normally [a] (which is
clearly distinguished from /ŏ/ [ɑ]). Thus, the “i”s in “trip”, “purchase”, and “proper” are all of the
similar, and all sound fairly Southern! Nonetheless, this doesn’t imply that “trip” [ˈɹad] is pronounced the identical as “rod” [ˈɹɑd], or that “proper” [ˈɹat]
is pronounced the identical as “rot” [ˈɹɑt]:
these phrases nonetheless have distinct pronunciations, although Yankees might have hassle
listening to the distinction! 27-Apr.-2013
Lowland Southern is comparable, besides that Lowland Southern solely has partial monophthongization of lengthy /ī/ [aɪ] to [a].
Which means that the vowels of “trip” and “purchase” have the Southern vowel [a] similar to Inland, however the vowel of “proper” is a diphthong [aɪ], with a pronunciation a bit extra like different components of
the USA. The precise rule is that this: earlier than unvoiced sounds the vowel
is a diphthong, however elsewhere it isn’t. Unvoiced sounds are /p,t,ch,ok,f,s,sh,th/ (as is “python” /pīthən/
[ˈpʰaɪθən], the place it’s
unvoiced, not as in “lithe” /līŧħ/
[ˈlaɪð], the place it’s voiced). Why does it work
that manner? Ah, that sort of query doesn’t have a superb reply in human
language! Nonetheless, to place it one other manner,
how is it that they comply with such a technical rule with out realizing it? That does
have a solution: patterns akin to this are frequent in human language, though
the audio system are completely unaware of them at a aware stage. 17-Apr.-2013
Thus, to find out if a specific speaker speaks Inland or
Lowland Southern, first be sure he speaks Southern in any respect by listening to
phrases like “trip” and “purchase”. If he does, then hearken to phrases with unvoiced
feels like “ripe”, “chew”, “righteous” (which has a /ch/
sound regardless of the spelling), “like”, “life”, “ice” (s sound), “python”,
and so on.
The ANAE chapter 18 makes use of extra advanced standards to differentiate
their forms of Southern, however I discover theirs to be unwieldy, so I’ve gone
for the less complicated criterion, which appears to be ample, as seen within the subsequent
paragraph.
A shocking sample seen on the map is the peculiar manner in
which the 2 Southern dialect areas are intertwined. It seems that the
present sample of Lowland Southern matches to an incredible diploma the areas with
a excessive proportion of slaves earlier than the Civil Struggle, as proven by this famous antique map (viewable in a single piece and
downloadable here).
Granted, there are a number of minor surprises, however what is astonishing is not the
occasional surprises, however how few the surprises are!
8-Nov.-2013
What appears possible is that the Inland Southern dialect unfold
west and south first, after which the Lowland Southern dialect was unfold later by
the slaveholding “aristocracy”, however by no means penetrated into areas unsuitable for
giant plantations, akin to mountainous areas or dryer areas within the west. An
distinctive space is Virginia and West Virginia, the place Lowland Southern unfold
westward into non-slaveholding areas (see My
Theory about the Original Area of Inland Southern beneath for extra on this).
One other distinctive space appears to be south
Georgia and north Florida, which no Inland Southern audio system apparently ever
reached. Different distinctive areas are mentioned beneath in Southern Areas Settled after the Civil War. 8-Nov.-2013
The “r-dropping” areas (the inexperienced traces) and “Tidewater elevating” (the pink line) additionally appear to be
restricted to those slaveholding areas.
One results of this later unfold of Lowland Southern is that
Inland Southern was almost damaged into two sections, divided by what is likely to be
known as the “Nashville-Florence Hall”. Should you
have a look at a satellite tv for pc map of this space, you may really see this hall in a
lighter shade outlined by darker forests, an enchanting geographic
demonstration of my idea. This isn’t to say that, as a basic rule, Inland
areas are forested and Lowland areas are usually not, although that is usually the case,
and holds true on this case. The forested space to the east of the hall
matches relatively exactly the Cumberland
Plateau, a stretch of upper and infrequently rugged land which frequently rises
abruptly from the flatter land to the west. Actually, the road dividing Inland
Southern from Lowland Southern appears to comply with precisely the northwest fringe of
the Cumberland
Plateau from simply west of Monterey, Tennessee all the way in which to Hackleburg,
Alabama, with the complete plateau being solidly Inland Southern (aside from its
southern tip in Alabama, which was principally settled
later). 16-Mar.-2013
A slim neck round Iuka, Mississippi stays to attach
the 2 sections of Inland Southern. 16-Mar.-2013
Nonetheless, as extra information is available in an anticipated results of this
needs to be that there might be occasional islands of 1 dialect surrounded by
the opposite. I had thought that Chattanooga, Tennessee was such a case. That is
an essential metropolis in southeastern Tennessee. I most just lately spent a while
there in October, 2011, and was in a position to hearken to many native audio system, all of
whom spoke Lowland Southern. Nonetheless, I’ve since realized that these audio system
have been all greater class audio system, since my publicity was socially fairly restricted.
Since then I’ve heard varied working class audio system from Chattanooga (primarily
policemen) on TV, and have confirmed that Chattanooga is Inland Southern, and
that Kevin Burke, whom I had initially assumed was not from Chattanooga, is
really a local, and represents the dialect fairly properly. Nonetheless, many greater
class audio system converse Lowland Southern, as mentioned beneath in Possible Southern
Class Distinction?. So we should search for one other instance of
such a linguistic island! 11-Aug.-2014
The out of date phrases Tuckahoe
and Cohee, used within the northeastern a part of the South earlier than the Civil Struggle,
appear to have been used to mirror the sturdy cultural and linguistic
variations between these two teams, although once more West Virginia was clearly
Cohee with out getting the Inland Southern dialect. The article confirms my
evaluation of the settlement patterns, saying, “Because the frontier strikes westward,
the third zone (slave-based plantation society) strikes into land previously held
by the second (the frontier society).”
8-Nov.-2013
One fascinating corroboration of my idea is political: After the Civil Struggle,
the previous slave states tended to elect completely Democratic Occasion
candidates, rejecting the Republican Occasion because the occasion of Lincoln. This
phenomenon is known as the Solid South,
which remained so a minimum of up into the 1960’s. Nonetheless, sure areas of the
south, primarily in mountain areas just like the Appalachians and the Ozarks, the place
little or no slavery had existed, resisted this tendency, and aligned
themselves with the Union and with the Republican Occasion, constantly electing
Republican candidates all through this era. The fascinating map on this web page exhibits what areas of the south these have been, at
least within the 1940 election. (Discover significantly the circled areas, and the
dialogue about these.) Discover the correlation between these areas, my map,
and the slavery map talked about above: If we exclude the areas in
Texas (which apparently symbolize later German immigration, a minimum of in accordance
to the dialogue on the internet web page), none of those areas is Lowland South
(aside from Sampson County, North Carolina, for which I’ve no clarification).
As an alternative, ignoring the exceptions talked about, they’re all Inland South, besides
for a part of Missouri, which is Midland! Winston
County, Alabama, is the truth is well-known for the diploma to which it opposed
secession in the course of the Civil Struggle, being often called the “Free State of Winston”!
This isn’t to say that Inland South areas basically voted
Republican: they didn’t, and in Texas and Oklahoma they have been as Strong South as
wherever else. I’m solely saying that such areas are constantly within the Inland
South area. (These days, in fact, every part has modified, and the south
overwhelmingly votes Republican.) 9-Mar.-2012
Charleston is clearly a particular case of Lowland Southern, as
is obvious by listening to it. The Down East & Outer Banks dialect doesn’t
sound very Southern in any respect, however does a minimum of have the “Tidewater elevating”.
Florida doesn’t rely, because it had an enormous inflow of Yankees within the twentieth
century. Actually, Florida is successfully the wrong way up: the farther south you go
in Florida, the extra Northern folks sound! 19-Nov.-2011
Clearly areas within the South settled after the Civil Struggle might
not comply with this sample, particularly these that are close to the border between the
two subdialects. The Birmingham, Alabama space is a living proof. Birmingham
didn’t exist earlier than the Civil Struggle, however was
founded in 1871 as a metal manufacturing heart, and grew so fast between 1880 and 1920 that it was given its
well-known nickname “The Magic Metropolis.” It lies in a really mountainous space (half
of the Cumberland Plateau talked about above), and thus was most likely initially in
the Inland South, however due to the large inflow of individuals from everywhere in the
South, it’s now Lowland Southern. Trussville
was founded much earlier, around 1820, however remained small till it was swamped
by the expansion of Birmingham, and now follows its sample, as do the opposite
close by cities, however cities just a bit farther eliminated like Odenville or Jasper
don’t. 16-Mar.-2013
Nonetheless, it seems that there’s a minimum of one city south
of Birmingham and Anniston which speaks Inland Southern and which was
undoubtedly settled earlier than the Civil Struggle, the city of Sylacauga,
which was initially integrated in 1838, although it had been a Creek (or
Shawnee?) Indian village way back to 1748.
The identify of the city is pronounced /sĭləkŏgə/
[ˌsɪləˈkʰɑɡə],
not /sĭləkôgə/ [ˌsɪləˈkʰɒʊɡə],
regardless of the spelling: it was initially known as Syllacoga, which in flip was derived from the Indian identify Chalaka-ge,
in line with the Wikipedia article). To date I’ve not been capable of finding any
good sound clips for Sylacauga (if you realize of 1 please ship it me!), however I
made a go to there within the spring of 2012, the place I met a local who clearly
spoke Inland Southern, and who had lived there all her life. In November of
2012 I met two extra natives of Sylacauga and talked with them at size, and
in addition they spoke clear Inland Southern. As might be seen by taking a look at a map of
the Talladega Nationwide Forest, which runs in a northeast to southwest course
simply to the east of Anniston, and which incorporates the best level in Alabama,
Mount Cheaha, Sylacauga lies on the tail finish of the southernmost ridge of the
Appalachian mountains. (This ridge may also be clearly seen on this map and this
map.) 12-Aug.-2014
Due to all this, the Inland South line makes a number of
sharp curves alongside its southern edge in Alabama. Presumably on the time of the
civil warfare, Inland Southern was spoken all through the complete Cumberland Plateau
and the southern a part of the Appalachian Mountains, proven pretty properly on this
map, whereas the Piedmont was primarily Lowland Southern. 26-Aug.-2014
One other instance is the Asheville-Waynesville space of North
Carolina. Each of those cities existed earlier than the Civil Struggle, however they each noticed
large progress after the warfare, Asheville
greater than tripling in dimension between 1910 and 1930, apparently due to sturdy
progress of producing, and Waynesville solely starting to develop after the arrival of the
railroad in 1884. In each circumstances this appears to have introduced in Lowland Southern
audio system, whereas the encircling cities are nonetheless solidly Inland Southern. (The
one exception appears to be Burnsville: why it’s Lowland is unclear.) 8-Nov.-2013
It has been usually been recommended (or assumed) that in some
areas there may be additionally a social-status distinction between what I’ve known as
“Inland Southern” (typically known as “hillbilly” or “nation”, as in “He
certain talks nation!”) and “Lowland Southern”, with folks from higher-class
household backgrounds favoring the “Lowland Southern” sample, and this may make
sense if my speculation as to its unfold is true. Even so, proof of such a
social distinction doesn’t seem in very many locations, and solely close to the
border between these two areas. 11-Aug.-2014
Two such areas are an space surrounding Dallas and Fort Value
in Texas and an space round Greenville in South Carolina, that are evidently
Inland Southern areas, however wherein various folks born and raised there
(like Ross Perot, Jr. or Kenny Marchant) have Lowland Southern accents, principally
folks within the center and higher socioeconomic class. 11-Aug.-2014
A 3rd such space is Little Rock, Arkansas, which is clearly
a Lowland Southern space, however wherein a number of samples of individuals born and raised
there present traces of Inland Southern, notably folks in what are sometimes considered
as working class professions. 11-Aug.-2014
Just lately (2014) I’ve realized that Chattanooga, Tennessee
is a fourth space the place this holds true, which makes it uncommon in that it’s
not on the border between the 2 dialects, however is surrounded on all sides by
solidly Inland South areas, although Lowland South areas are usually not distant, such
as Decatur and Florence (and partially Huntsville) down the Tennessee river. 4-Nov.-2015
Most such areas are marked on the map surrounded by a dotted
purple line, and with each background colours as alternate bars. Samples displaying
this variation will usually check with the Possible Southern Class Distinction? 4-Nov.-2015
If just one city appears to
have each Inland and Lowland audio system, with this presumed class distinction
distinguishing them, then relatively than the dotted line I merely run the dialect
boundary via the center of the city. Examples of this are Huntsville and
West Blocton, Alabama and Kannapolis, North Carolina. 4-Nov.-2015
Very not often I run the dialect
boundary via the center of a city if the one pattern I’ve is extremely
combined, as within the case of Junior Johnson from Ronda, North Carolina. 4-Nov.-2015
Nonetheless, “Inland Southern” is NOT
equal to “hillbilly”, nor do individuals who speak “actually, actually southern” or
even “actually, actually nation” essentially converse Inland relatively than Lowland.
Some individuals who sound “actually, actually Southern” really converse Lowland Southern
based mostly on the definition I’m utilizing, which appears to match excessive slave density
areas, whereas some folks whose speech doesn’t sound fairly as “sturdy”, or who
are clearly properly educated and complex, really converse Inland Southern.
Even so, it is true that areas
typically acknowledged as extra “hillbilly”, such because the Appalachians or the
Ozarks, do certainly fall inside Inland Southern, so one might say that
“hillbilly” is unquestionably a subset of Inland Southern and never of Lowland
Southern. As for “redneck”, this time period has completely no linguistic which means, so
don’t strive utilizing this map to seek out out the place the “rednecks” dwell! 12-Dec.-2011
Based on contributor A.T.W., in Texas the standing of
Inland Southern is totally different from its standing within the east:
However all this leaves the query: The place did Inland Southern
begin out? What was its unique space? If we have a look at this map showing settlement as of 1800, we see that the earliest
settled areas of what’s now the Inland South area are situated on both facet
of the Cumberland
Gap, which allowed simple crossing of the Appalachian Mountains and thru
which almost the entire western settlement from the South befell after the
Revolutionary Struggle in 1776. This settlement course of would have concerned a lot
mixing of populations and dialects, and it appears possible that Inland Southern
was the results of this mixing, thus distinguishing it from the extra settled
Lowland Southern. I’ve marked the Cumberland Hole on my map, and it may be
seen that it lies virtually precisely within the heart of the northernmost node of
Inland Southern, which might have been its unique space. The Appalachian
Mountains themselves, together with the Cumberland Hole space, weren’t settled till
later, because it was not fascinating land, however the settlers have been evidently
audio system transferring south from this unique space, because the map suggests. 7-Nov.-2013
Technically the Cumberland Hole allowed simple crossing of the western ridge of the Appalachian Mountains, known as at
this level the Cumberland Mountains, not the jap
ridge, which known as the Blue
Ridge. This western ridge (technically the jap escarpment of the Appalachian
Plateau) was typically tougher to cross than the jap ridge. Between the
two runs the Appalachian Great Valley (the map on that web page exhibits pretty
clearly the 2 ridges and the valley). As might be seen on the map talked about in
the previous paragraph, a part of this valley, the higher reaches of the Tennessee
River valley, was settled pretty early, within the Overmountain Settlements
from the late 1760s, in what’s now the acute northeast nook of Tennessee.
It’s attainable that these settlements shaped the unique melting pot that
created Inland Southern. 8-Nov.-2013
Does this imply that Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett spoke
Inland Southern, since they lived on this space? Effectively, regardless of the truth that
many people grew up listening to Texan Fess Parker play him
on tv with an Inland Southern accent, Daniel
Boone actually didn’t have the accent, for 2 causes. One is that he
was born and raised in Pennsylvania, not within the South in any respect, and didn’t transfer
to the south till he was 16, in 1750. The second is that he lived manner too
early, lengthy earlier than Inland Southern would have even shaped in line with my
idea, being born in 1734. He was one of many prime movers in encouraging the
inhabitants motion that may have created it, however he would have been an previous
man earlier than it actually coalesced. His grandchildren most likely did converse it. 12-Aug.-2014
What about Davy Crockett?
His is a unique story, and he very possible did converse it. He was born about 50
years after Daniel Boone, in 1786, and was born within the coronary heart of the Inland
South space, within the Overmountain
Settlements talked about above, in the course of the existence of the short-lived State of
Franklin. 8-Nov.-2013
This doesn’t clarify why Inland Southern is sort of
non-existent in West Virginia (aside from the Hatfield-McCoy
space), which speaks virtually completely Lowland Southern within the southern half, in
spite of being virtually completely mountains, and Midland within the north. It turns
out that its settlement pattern was totally different from the remainder of the
Appalachians (take a look at this
interesting 1861 voting map, which traces up very carefully with my map,
displaying that almost all of those that voted for statehood spoke Midland, not
Southern). In any case Inland Southerners apparently tended to maneuver east and
south into new lands, not north. 8-Nov.-2013
The r-dropping areas within the Lowland South (marked with a
darkish inexperienced line) could possibly be described as “Classical
Southern”. That is the accent that Scarlett O’Hara (Vivien Leigh) is
making an attempt to mimic on this clip from Gone with the Wind. This space
represents the guts of the previous plantation system, as might be seen on the map talked about above. Nonetheless, this function appears to solely
happen in older settled areas, and doesn’t happen in western areas on the
Mississippi River or farther west that were settled after about 1825. 23-Sep.-2015
Inside this space older audio system appear to be constant in
sustaining this sample. Nonetheless, many youthful ones on this space appear to be
saying all of their r’s, and I’ll embrace a few of these with a remark.
Exterior of this space (however all the time throughout the Lowland Southern space) there’ll
sometimes be a lot older audio system who do converse Classical Southern. I’ll
remark individually on every of those, and can mark their metropolis surrounded by a
dotted inexperienced line. 23-July-2011
African American Vernacular English (AAVE), the dialect of
most African Individuals in the USA, is derived from Classical
Southern, and shares its predominant options and plenty of different options. Nonetheless, it
additionally has various distinctive options. I’ve not typically included AAVE
on this research, since its geographical distribution tends to be impartial of
“white” dialects, primarily as a result of after the Civil Struggle giant numbers of former
slaves moved to all components of the U.S., and tended to kind their very own
communities, retaining their distinctive dialect. Nonetheless,
in lots of areas of the Lowland South no such migration occurred, and in these
areas AAVE and “white” dialects share options and clearly have developed
collectively, so in these areas I’ve typically included AAVE samples. AAVE
tends to retain r-dropping greater than “white” dialects do, even amongst youthful
audio system, and all through the USA in African American communities. 2-Jan.-2012
One function that was previously frequent amongst (white) audio system
of Classical Southern is their particular pronunciation of the vowel /ûr/ in phrases
like “damage”, “turning”, and “regarding” as [ɜɪ],
very like Larger New York Metropolis, relatively than the now extra frequent [ɝ]. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina is a wonderful
instance (see his pattern). (Not like GNYC, this vowel [ɜɪ]
is sort of distinct from the /oi/ vowel in phrases like “coin”, which is normally pronounced [ɔɛ] within the South.)
Contributor Jason Reid offers additional data: “Based on
the linguist John Wells in his book Accents of English (1982),
this pronunciation was at one time frequent. Erik R. Thomas in his very detailed
phonetic description of Southern speech in A Handbook of Forms of
English (2004) says this pronunciation was at one time very widespread, however
only a few audio system born after 1930 present it (Strom Thurmond was born in 1902).”
The latter author’s indicated vary appears to cowl all of my
Lowland Southern space besides North Carolina and Virginia (and Florida, although I
have personally heard it there additionally, from African American audio system, lots of
whom retain it to the current day). This similar pronunciation may also be heard
in many of the New Orleans samples, from each whites
and blacks, and continues to be heard at the moment. Usually, my commentary is that it
persists at the moment amongst some African Individuals, particularly older ones, in lots of
areas, an instance being Elizabeth Allen of North Carolina (see her pattern).
Nonetheless, I visited with various older white audio system in
Augusta, Georgia, within the spring of 2012, and although all of them had constant
Classical Southern accents, none of them confirmed any signal of the [ɜɪ]
pronunciation. Nor did I hear it from the Classical Southern audio system I met in
Brewton, Alabama in February of 2012. Nonetheless, the [ɜɪ]
pronunciation isn’t useless amongst whites within the older south: in November of 2012
I met an older gentleman from Sumter, South Carolina, who spoke Classical
Southern and used the [ɜɪ]
pronunciation in various phrases.
Not even all Classical Southern audio system from this space born
earlier than 1930 have it: George Wallace doesn’t, nor do Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter.
As might be seen on the map, the pin-pen merger is primarily a
Southern function, however has unfold properly past the South. I believe that this has
occurred for 2 principal historic processes, each of them involving
Southerners transferring west and North. 12-June-2010
1. The primary was the settlement of the Kansas
and Nebraska
territories, pushed partially by the political points regarding slavery
surrounding the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. Evidently the majority of the
Southern settlement stopped on the Platte River in what’s now jap
Nebraska, as might be seen by the remark about folks “sympathetic in the direction of the
Accomplice trigger” within the Wikipedia
article about Lincoln, Nebraska. That is the place the pin-pen line runs in
Jap Nebraska: south of the Platte River. (The remainder of Nebraska was not
actually settled till after the Civil Struggle, and the road crosses to the north
facet of the Platte River west of Grand Island, although it does return to it
briefly between Gothenburg and North Platte. At North Platte the river splits
into the North and South Platte, and because the pin-pen line strikes west it stays
north of the North Platte.) 7-Nov.-2011
2. Farther west the road runs a lot additional north, and, I
suspect, was unfold north up the cattle drive trails from Texas within the late
1800’s, presumably by Texas cowboys who employed on for a drive and determined to
quiet down someplace alongside the path residence. This may be seen by evaluating the
pin-pen line with this map of the cattle drive trails (changed dangerous hyperlink). (The websites I initially
had for this map are all gone, and no full-size map appears to be out there
aside from buy.) This map is sort of correct, though the purple trails
have been added to indicate particulars from a fictional e-book, and the “Hat Creek Cattle
Firm” is fictional. Different maps corroborating the northern extent of the
cattle trails are: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cattle-trails.jpg
and nps.gov/hfc/carto/RELIEFS/GRKOrelief3_c.jpg
(changed dangerous hyperlink) (from nps.gov/hfc/cfm/carto-detail.cfm?Alpha=GRKO
(changed dangerous hyperlink)), which exhibits a path going as far north as Buford, although
neither exhibits the total course of the Bozeman Path, which might be seen right here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bozeman_Trail. See additionally en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle_drives_in_the_United_States,
the place Miles Metropolis, MT and Medora, ND are particularly talked about. 26-Sep.-2016
Actually, the pin-pen line appears to solely have been stopped in
its northward progress by the Canadian border! Apparently not one of the cattle
drives felt free or have been invited or have been contracted to cross that border. 26-Sep.-2016
Most of those trails stayed within the Nice Plains, not
venturing into the mountains, as a result of it was a lot simpler to maneuver cattle on the
flatlands. Nonetheless, Nelson Story actually used the Bozeman Trail
to carry cattle from Texas to Bozeman, which is west into the mountains. And
one path proven on the nps.gov/hfc/carto/RELIEFS/GRKOrelief3_c.jpg
map, the 1870-78 Kohrs Path, additionally strikes west into the mountains, however
apparently this was solely utilized by en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Kohrs
to maneuver cattle to his ranch at Deer Lodge, which is west of Helena and Butte
and isn’t within the pin-pen merger space. In any case, these actions might partly
clarify why the pin-pen line bends west of the western fringe of the Nice Plains line
to embody all of Wyoming and components of Idaho. Adj.
2-Might-2018
This doesn’t fairly clarify why the pin-pen merger additionally
reached the Salt Lake Metropolis space, which was solidly Mormon all through this
interval and wouldn’t appear to have had a lot settlement by Texas cattle drivers.
Contributor Trevan Richins recommended the next: «I feel the reply is
due to the Mormon missionary program and their want to “collect in
Zion”. Up till the flip of the century
(1900), virtually all transformed Mormons would transfer to Utah. Within the 1870 census, it confirmed that 1 in 3 Utahns have been born outdoors of the United
States. There was an in depth
missionary program at the moment to transform folks from the entire United
States, Canada, Europe, and elsewhere.
So, the pin/pen most likely reached Utah on the tongues of Southern
converts.» Appears cheap… Adj. 14-Sep.-2017
Along with these two main influences, there are a number of
extra areas for the pin-pen merger. One, which isn’t any shock, is that
there’s a small space of pin-pen merger that spreads west from the tail finish of
the Southern space. This appears to achieve as far west as Arizona, however doesn’t
attain California. This space was settled by a combined inhabitants even earlier than the
Civil Struggle, however these included a big proportion of southerners, and in the course of the Civil warfare the southern half of what
turned Arizona and New Mexico seceded from the Union, as mentioned within the Wikipedia
article on Traditional Arizona. 29-Apr.-2011
One other very fascinating space is the San
Joaquin Valley in California, which apparently adopted the pin-pen merger in the course of the Great
Depression, because of over a million “Okies” who moved there within the 1930’s. The ANAE had marked simply Bakersfield as “pin”=“pen”,
however the merger seems to cowl the complete valley. Nonetheless, clearly older
audio system should not have it: contributor James Divine, who grew up principally round
Fresno, and was born within the mid 1940’s, has “pin”≠“pen”.
(I had beforehand thought that this merger additionally prolonged north to incorporate components
of the Sacramento
Valley as properly, which is the northern a part of California’s
Central Valley, however contributor Jon, a local of Sacramento, assures me
that in Sacramento “pin”≠“pen”). 20-Might-2011
The Larger New York Metropolis dialect is the second most uncommon
dialect in all of North America (after New Orleans). It has many uncommon
options, and, greater than some other metropolis, New York appears to have traditionally
proven nice variation by social class, which is why I give so many audio
examples. The next descriptions clarify the courses marked within the chart
with **: 10-Might-2011
The traditional working class dialect has “curl”=“coil”, and “dese” and “dose”; the latter continues to be
heard within the trendy working class dialect. Bennett Cerf and Humphrey Bogart are
traditional center class, and have “curl”=“coil”, however not “dese” and “dose”. The curl-coil merger has nearly died out, according to William
Labov, although there are many well-known examples in latest historical past.
Truly, it hasn’t utterly died out! I’ve just lately discovered two clips of
folks from Larger New York Metropolis who do
nonetheless retain the curl-coil merger, Tommy DeVito
and Skip Tollefson. And even Regis Philbin nonetheless appears
to make use of the previous pronunciation of the “curl”/”coil” vowel in a number of phrases, like
“circus” in his video clip. 3-Mar.-2011
Franklin Roosevelt and Teddy
Roosevelt each converse what is usually known as Mid-Atlantic
English, (fairly distinct from what the ANAE chapter 17 calls Mid-Atlantic, which I’m calling
Atlantic Midland). Based on the Wikipedia
article, Teddy speaks extra “naturally” than Franklin, however structurally I
see little distinction between their dialects. They don’t appear to have the
had-bad distinction of Larger New York Metropolis, reflecting as an alternative the British
15-vowel system. Eleanor Roosevelt, Teddy’s niece and Franklin’s spouse, went to
a fair higher excessive, and spoke
almost pure Standard British English. (She was raised principally within the U.S.,
however was
educated with private tutors, and went to finishing school in England.)
One other pattern, that of Doris “Granny D” Haddock, exhibits the Jap New England
number of Mid-Atlantic English, with solely the 14 vowels of Jap
New England. 14-Apr.-2011
The ANAE chapter 17 says
that “Probably the most startling info about New York Metropolis is the slim extent
of its affect within the surrounding space,” and that its boundary “has remained
fastened for greater than two centuries… This geographic restriction seems to be
related to the unfavorable status of the New York Metropolis vernacular…” In
different phrases, all people thinks the New York Metropolis dialect is absolutely bizarre, even
although we’re all fascinated with it!
The variations are of sophistication, not part of city, in accordance
to William Labov: The ANAE chapter 17 says
“Inside this metropolitan linguistic space, there is no such thing as a dependable proof for
geographic differentiation. The stereotype Brooklynese is used to check with
working-class GNYC speech, whether or not the speaker is a resident of Brooklyn,
Queens, the Decrease East Facet of Manhattan, or Jersey Metropolis. Many members of the
public are satisfied that they’ll acknowledge a Queens or Bronx or Jersey
accent, however it seems that these geographic labels are the truth is labels for
perceived social class variations.”
Although its affect on the encircling space has been
restricted, it has had a whole lot of impact on the speech of Cincinnati and of New
Orleans (see the Dialect Description Chart), and shares the short-a
break up with the Atlantic Midland area.
The assorted dialects of New Orleans make it essentially the most uncommon
dialect state of affairs in all of North America. Some neighborhoods converse Classical Southern, and different neighborhoods converse
a dialect which doesn’t sound Southern in any respect, however as an alternative sounds precisely like
Larger New York Metropolis till you hear for some time, and others are someplace in
between. I’ve taken several dialect samples from this clip
from the “YEAH, YOU RITE” documentary. This clip is a dialect pupil’s dream,
and explains in some element the dialect state of affairs in New Orleans. I used 4
samples from this clip as a result of it was clear what neighborhood of New Orleans
they have been every from, and now I’ve tentatively added the man on the park
bench. I’d have used extra, however it was inconceivable to find out what a part of
city the opposite audio system have been from, or else they’d an excessive amount of Common American
to be a helpful pattern. 17-Dec.-2015
All the documentary doesn’t appear to be out there on the
Web, aside from buy. I did, nonetheless, discover a transcript,
which helped a bit in figuring out audio system.
14-Jan.-2011
New Orleans appears to be the one metropolis in North America that
has a couple of distinct dialect.[56]
On this respect it’s like London of the early 1900’s, as is implied by the
speaker on the park bench who refers to “’Enry
’Iggins or Higgins”, the dialect professional within the film My Honest Woman. This truth, defined in
some element by a number of of the audio system within the “YEAH, YOU
RITE” documentary, appears to have been missed by the ANAE (Ch. 18) (see pages 259 and following), since they
deal with the town as an entire of their descriptions.
17-Dec.-2015
Due to samples that lots of you despatched in, and others that
I’ve discovered, I now have a a lot clearer image of the New Orleans
neighborhoods and their dialects. Even so, I’d nonetheless prefer to know who the
man on the park bench is, and the place precisely he grew up. (Contributor Charles
Meeks cited beneath has a minimum of confirmed that he’s evidently Uptown, so I added him tentatively to the map.)
11-Mar.-2016
Truly, my greatest query now’s about what I’m calling
the Downtown New Orleans dialect, the one New Orleans dialect with no Southern
options in any respect (most significantly, all of her lengthy /ī/ vowels are [aɪ], making her not Southern by
the definition we’re utilizing right here), and which I’ve listed below the Larger
New York Metropolis dialect. I solely have one pattern for this, Deborah Chauvin, which
could be very brief, and the transcript means that that is the one time she
speaks, even within the full documentary. Each different New Orleans pattern I’ve
discovered has a minimum of some lengthy /ī/ vowels decreased to [a], which
reduces my Downtown New Orleans dialect to simply the Ninth Ward. Is that this legitimate?
For now I’ll proceed to imagine that it’s, however I would like extra information to verify
this. 11-Mar.-2016
Wards: It isn’t unusual for New Orleanians to establish
the place they’re from by their ward quantity, and a number of other of the audio system accomplish that.
These are usually not neighborhoods, however voting wards, and appear to radiate away from
the Mississippi River in lengthy strips. For a map
of the wards see: wards.pdf.
(This map was initially at www.louisianarebuilds.info/files/wards.pdf,
however this hyperlink is not legitimate.) 26-Jan.-201
The place do they converse with out an accent? Or the place do they
converse “Common American”?
This query implies that there’s an accepted normal of
spoken American English which is perceived as not having any strictly regional
options. In different phrases, any options that are distinctly northern, southern,
jap or western could be excluded. And certainly there may be such a regular, used
by most radio and tv information employees all through the U.S. Making use of such a
definition rigorously leaves us with the orange striped areas on the map, in
components of the Central Midland and South Florida, and the southern fringe of the
North. Making use of a barely much less rigorous definition would additionally embrace some
neighboring areas on the map, though these all have some noticeable regional
options. As an example, San Francisco and East Midland each sound just a bit
bit too jap, areas beneath the pin-pen line sound only a bit southern, and so on.
The Wikipedia
article on General American covers the query pretty properly, and in some
element, and I like to recommend studying it. The world mapped in that article covers the
similar basic space within the Midwest as mine, however I’d not embrace the entire
cities included there.
The Canadian normal dialect is clearly distinct from the
American one, and corresponds to what’s spoken in most of Canada, excluding
the Atlantic Provinces. The dialect of jap Ontario or of most of British
Columbia would most likely be thought-about extra normal than the Prairie Provinces
and western Ontario, since these are above the bite-bout line, as proven on the
map. 15-Aug.-2015
Clearly there are a lot of variations in pronunciation
particulars between Canadian and American English, as defined within the description
of the Canadian dialects within the Dialect
Description Chart, however most of those are usually not structural particulars affecting
what number of distinct sounds (phonemes) the dialects have. Nonetheless, there may be one
crucial distinction between “Common American” and “Common Canadian”,
and that’s the Cot-Caught Merger: “Common American” makes
the excellence, whereas no Canadian dialect does. Individuals from California would possibly
disagree with me, claiming that their dialect is as “Common American” as any,
however the truth is the vast majority of Individuals retain
the excellence, as mentioned in The Cot-Caught Merger part and within the footnote
there. (California additionally has the distinctly Western fronting of the lengthy /ōō/ [u] vowel which it shares with Canada and never with “Common
American”.) 15-Aug.-2015
Do some geographic
options coincide with dialect boundaries or areas? 17-Dec.-2010
Sure, some do, although clearly many don’t. I’ve included
various the previous on the map, and even a number of of the latter. These are all
marked on the map in Darkish Blue, or in a number of circumstances in Rust.
The next geographic options (organized roughly
from west to east) appear to have a direct correlation with some dialect space,
boundary, or function: 1-Nov.-2011
Suisun
/səsōōn/
[səˈsun] Bay: This bay, together with the Carquinez /kärkēnəs/
[ˌkʰɑɹˈkʰinəs]
Strait, San Francisco Bay, and the Golden Gate (which aren’t marked) outline
the northern border of the San Francisco Bay dialect. 28-Apr.-2011
The Sierra Nevada
(California): The dip in long o fronting within the Nice Basin
(probably represented by Mormon settlement) stopped on the Sierra Nevada.
Loss of life Valley:
Clearly a geographic barrier to journey! Continues
the Nice Basin line. 5-Mar.-2011
Grand Canyon:
Clearly a geographic barrier to journey! Continues
the Nice Basin line. 5-Mar.-2011
The western fringe of
the Nice Plains: (Due to en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_physiographic_region
for a map of the U.S. portion of this line.)
One factor that’s
instantly apparent about this line is that almost all of the West dialect within the U.S. is discovered
to the west of it, however that this dialect additionally spills over 100 miles or so
east into the Nice Plains for many of its size (besides within the far south).
This dialect was most likely created within the tough nation to the west of this
line, in a terrific melting-pot course of within the late 1800’s with super
inhabitants actions. Then it seems that it spilled again over the mountains
into the Nice Plains for a long way, as a part of those self same inhabitants
actions, leveling from that time the entire dialects that had travelled west
from the jap seaboard. Adj. 2-Might-2018
This occurred in every single place besides
within the far south, the place Inland Southern had already spilled over the mountains
onto the western facet, a course of which most likely started earlier than the Civil Struggle.
(See The Pin-Pen Merger, the Kansas-Nebraska Act,
and the Texas Cattle Drives.)
16-Jul.-2016
A few bulges within the
jap fringe of the
West dialect which push it farther east might be seen. One is the Black Hills,
mentioned instantly beneath, which had a gold rush that introduced folks from all
over. One other is Dodge
City, Kansas, which turned well-known as a Wild West city with many well-known
gunfighters, and should have been a magnet for folks from farther west. New! 2-Might-2018
However moreover this truth,
this line appears to have an effect on just one different dialect function, and solely in excessive
northern United States and Canada: Adj. 5-Oct.-2017
When the bite-bout line hits the Rocky Mountains in
Wyoming because it strikes west, it turns north and principally follows the sting of the
plains all the way in which into northern British Columbia, suggesting that the Rocky
Mountains tended to dam the continued westward motion of audio system from
north of this line, and that factors west have been settled primarily by audio system
from south of the bite-bout line.[57]
If we have a look at a map of the Oregon Trail, by which the overwhelming majority of early
settlement (primarily 1846-1869) of the northwest befell, we are able to see that this
was true, whereas there have been no main trails north of the Oregon Path, both
within the U.S. or in Canada. After 1869 the First Transcontinental Railroad changed the Oregon Path
as the first technique of travelling west, however adopted roughly the identical
route throughout the Nice Plains and for the primary a part of its path into the
mountains. The funneling impact that these two processes had on western
settlement might be seen on this map and this map
displaying the place western settlement had reached in 1890. 19-Aug.-2015
It could seem that even
most of British Columbia was primarily settled from the south or by
the Pacific Ocean, not from the east: Coastal B.C. was apparently already properly
settled when it joined the Canadian Confederation in 1871, earlier than any of the Prairie
Provinces did, and there had been an enormous inflow of Individuals in 1858
due to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush. Even the primary railroad
connecting B.C. to the remainder of Canada was solely accomplished in 1885. Even so,
over the a long time these transplants appear to have absolutely accepted their Canadian
identification and even adopted the “Badge of Identity”!
I had initially thought that
the western fringe of the Nice Plains additionally blocked additional westward enlargement of
the Inland South dialect from southern New Mexico all the way in which to the Mexican
border, however contributor Karl Gerlach has knowledgeable me that this isn’t so, however
that the Inland South dialect reaches as far west as Fort Hancock, and he was
capable of finding me a sound pattern for Marfa. Thus the mountains apparently had
little or no impact on settlement on this space.
19-Aug.-2015
This leaves El Paso as the one metropolis in Texas that doesn’t have a
Southern accent. Gerlach says, “This is smart traditionally, since settlement
patterns historically moved towards El Paso alongside established routes, however by no means
from it. I can’t converse for southern New Mexico, however I can a minimum of assert that
the ‘Midland island’ part of deep West Texas possible solely consists of the town
of El Paso County and its speedy environment, however that the remainder, a minimum of
the place Anglos are involved, sound like the remainder of Texas.” Even so, the El Paso
dialect most likely owes the truth that it’s east of the cot-caught line and south
of the pin-pen line to affect from the South, however it clearly isn’t Southern
by the definition of that dialect, and will need to have had important admixture from
the West and the Midland. 19-Aug.-2015
The Black Hills
(South Dakota): The purple pin-pen line bends round these on the west facet. Thus
they averted the pin-pen merger, not being on the route of any of the cattle drives from
Texas, for apparent geographic causes. One more reason they averted
it’s that they have been settled very quickly in the course of the 1875-1878
gold rush, by folks from far and wide! In 1880, the realm was the
most densely populated a part of Dakota Territory. This gold rush additionally most likely
pushed the jap fringe of the West dialect farther east to incorporate it, so it’s extra
just like areas a lot farther west than it’s to those who are nearer. Adj. 5-Oct.-2017
The Appalachian
Mountains, Ozark Mountains, Ouachita Mountains, and St. Francois
/frănsĭs/
[ˈfɹænsɪs] Mountains: These are all
mountain ranges related to the Inland South.
The Ohio River:
For a very long time I’ve been saying that this marks the border between the South
and the Midland for a lot of Kentucky, however it actually doesn’t! Actually, the road
follows the river little or no, spending most of its time north of it, however
dipping south of it close to Cincinnati. Larry Bird, the
Hick from French Lick lastly did that notion in! (That’s actually his nickname,
I didn’t make it up!) Even so, there nonetheless appear to be a number of stretches the place it
follows the river. How a lot of this was resulting from geography (it was simpler for
settlers to remain on their very own facet of the river as they went west), and the way
a lot was resulting from politics (slavery was solely allowed on the south facet of the
river) is unclear. Most likely principally the latter, because the line solely dips south
of the river as soon as. 17-Apr.-2013
Abraham Lincoln is
reported to have had a southern accent, usually known as a “Kentucky accent” as here, however the truth is he moved to Indiana when he was six. Nonetheless, there was
evidently a big inflow of southerners, so he most likely spoke so much like Larry
Hen. Thus, he spoke Lowland Southern, the identical dialect spoken by many of the
slave homeowners. 22-Nov.-2012
The Cumberland Hole:
Based on my origin theory, this was the
space the place Inland South originated and unfold.
23-Sep.-2015
The Hudson River
and the Erie Canal: The North dialect, and its central subdialect
the Inland North have been largely unfold westward by the use of these two waterways, as
mentioned in ANAE Ch. 14, pp. 212-213. This partially explains the
unusual hourglass form of the Inland North subdialect, since the entire
settlement got here by boat to Buffalo after which continued up Lake Erie. (Initially
the hourglass didn’t have fairly so tight a waist, since initially Erie,
Pennsylvania and doubtless additionally Ashtabula and Painesville, Ohio have been a part of the
Inland North, as defined in Shared Features Across the U.S. – Canada Border.) 11-Feb.-2011
I’ve additionally included a number of geographical options which do
not appear to have any correlation with dialect options:
The Sacramento
River: Not like the San Joaquin River above, this doesn’t appear to
have any particular options. 28-Apr.-2011
The Mississippi
River: Despite being the best river within the U.S., and forming
state boundaries for nearly its total course, it has had completely no impact
on dialect patterns! In fact, it stood perpendicular to the complete western
settlement circulation, so folks had no different however to discover a manner throughout!
The Tennessee and Cumberland
Rivers: (Not labeled for causes of area.) These rivers run principally
via rugged mountains or damaged plateau nation, and for essentially the most half don’t
have a large flood plain appropriate for plantation agriculture, required,
in line with my settlement theory, for the
unfold of Lowland Southern. The one areas that do are the center part of
the Cumberland River, centered on Nashville, one part of the Tennessee River
in Alabama, and the small space round Chattanooga.
23-Sep.-2015
No, they don’t! From the map it’s clear that the dialect
boundaries completely ignore state and provincial borders,
aside from a only a few exceptions. One of many few locations the place a dialect
boundary does appear to comply with a state boundary is for certain sections of the
northern border of Kentucky, which additionally mark the northern border of the South.
Nonetheless, even on this case it isn’t the state border that’s being following
however a geographical function, the Ohio River, and even then the road doesn’t
comply with all of it that a lot. 4-Sep.-2012
Despite this, one usually hears folks check with a “Texas
accent” (there are actually three, simply contemplating the blue and purple traces!), or
a “Massachusetts accent” (there are actually 4!). Actually, there isn’t a
single dialect space on this map that could possibly be described as a “state dialect”:
they’re all both considerably bigger or smaller than a state! 17-Aug.-2010
As for which state has essentially the most distinct dialect areas
(outlined by the blue and purple traces), the winner seems to be Pennsylvania,
with 5 dialect areas, although Louisiana may additionally have 5, relying on how
New Orleans is handled. 17-Aug.-2010
The runners up, with 4, are: Illinois, Kansas,
Massachusetts, Nebraska, and Ohio, and probably additionally Maryland and New York
(information is missing for the latter two). It is also argued that West
Virginia has 4, since in all different circumstances I’ve handled the lack of a vowel
phoneme as grounds for outlining a brand new dialect, however I’m hesitant to introduce a
new dialect on these grounds alone, “Allegheny Lowland Southern”, since this
phoneme loss right here could also be considered as a minor spillover from up north. 23-Mar.-2011
The U.S. – Canada Border and the
“Badge of Id”
How in regards to the nationwide border between Canada and United
States? This can be a totally different story, and in reality this border can also be the southern
boundary of the Canadian dialect for its total size. This dialect’s notable
attribute is the “Canadian elevating” of the vowels in phrases like “out” and
“home” (the place the vowel is adopted by a unvoiced consonant), however not in
“loud” and “now”. This function seems to be considered by Canadians as a type of badge of identification, and defines the border relatively
clearly! Granted, it additionally happens within the Tidewater South, however since that is far
from the Canadian border, and since their dialect bears no different resemblance to
Canadian English, it doesn’t matter! Adj.
4-Oct.-2017
I believe that traditionally the retention of this badge of identification has been to some extent aware
and intentional: It’s important for Canadians to counter the concept many
Individuals have that “Canadians are actually similar to us”, and to have some form
of distinct identification. I actually like Pierre
Trudeau’s well-known quote: “Residing subsequent to you is in some methods like sleeping
with an elephant. Irrespective of how pleasant and even-tempered is the beast, if I
can name it that, one is affected by each twitch and grunt”. 15-Apr.-2011
Nonetheless, this doesn’t absolutely clarify the state of affairs. No less than
two Canadian contributors have written in and begged to vary with this
evaluation, saying that the overwhelming majority of Canadians are completely unaware of how
they pronounce issues, and are actually not consciously placing on the
Canadian elevating as a sort of affectation. And naturally they’re completely
proper! The overwhelming majority of audio system of any language are completely unaware of the
wonderful element of their pronunciation system, and most Individuals and Canadians
can’t inform what facet of the border somebody is from just by their
pronunciation. So why hasn’t this function seeped throughout the border to the U.S.
facet at any level? Different options have crossed the border freely, because the next section exhibits, however this one has not. Effectively, half
of the reason could also be {that a} small proportion of individuals are in a position to discern options like
Canadian elevating, and maybe a few of
these folks, maybe on each side of the border, have lit on this explicit
function as being a badge of identification for
Canadians, and have helped maintain it from crossing the border. So possibly it’s as
a lot the Individuals because the Canadians who’ve saved it a Canadian function! 6-Sep.-2011
Alternatively, a minimum of one part of Canada, southern
British Columbia, was evidently settled principally by Individuals or Europeans, with
little direct immigration from beforehand settled areas of Canada, because the
heart of the nation was nonetheless largely unpopulated, as mentioned within the “Do some geographic
features coincide with dialect boundaries or areas?” part below the dialogue of the bite-bout line.
And but all of those settlers adopted the Canadian elevating, and the road
follows the U.S.-Canadian border all the way in which to the Pacific. Why did this
occur until a minimum of some folks felt that this was a badge of identification for Canadians?
15-Apr.-2011
Nonetheless, there may be one exception
to this rule about Canadian elevating and the nationwide border: Newfoundland and
Labrador should not have Canadian elevating.
Once more, since they’re nowhere close to the nationwide border, in a manner this doesn’t
matter, however it’s surprising, given how strong the function is all through the
remainder of Canada and even within the Maritimes!
Nonetheless, contributor Bob Goudreau has identified that there’s actually a easy
clarification that really bolsters my badge of identification idea: “The province
of Newfoundland and Labrador didn’t even be part of Canada till 1949. ‘Newfies’
would have had no cause to sound self-consciously Canadian, as a result of they have been
NOT Canadian till then (only a British colony a la Bermuda, and so on.).” Cool.
(Components of Baffin Island additionally appear to comply with the Newfoundland / Labrador accent,
as might be seen by the varied traces on this space. This presumably resulted from
higher affect from this space than different components of Nunavut.) Adj. 2-Oct.-2017
For some time I had thought that there was a second exception,
as a result of I believed I had discovered an space in Southeastern Quebec the place Canadian
elevating didn’t apply, particularly the cities of Montreal and Sherbrooke.
Nonetheless, the samples I had chosen have been ethnic French audio system, and though
their English confirmed no hint of a French accent, Chris Harvey says that ethnic
French audio system are usually not the most effective samples of the native English Montreal accent.
Take a look at the two samples I’ve now included for
Montreal. It appears my total concept was mistaken that, as a result of the Stanstead space
was settled by Individuals, they might nonetheless converse like Individuals relatively than
Canadians. Chris Harvey assures me that they don’t. Apparently the “Badge of
Identity” applies right here, too! Nonetheless, I’m nonetheless on the lookout for good
sound samples for Sherbrooke and Stanstead. Please ship me some in case you have
them! 17-July-2010
As a result of native French audio system don’t usually have the
Canadian elevating, I’ve now explicitly proven the pink Canadian-raising line as
excluding the French-speaking space in Canada. (Earlier I had merely not proven
it on this space, however the outcome was complicated even to me, so I put it in.) Adj. 4-Oct.-2017
This isn’t to say that that is the one function that
distinguishes Canadian from American English: The Canadian shift, mentioned in
element in ANAE Ch. 14, impacts many Canadian vowels. Nonetheless, the
Canadian elevating is what most individuals have a tendency to note, which is why I feel that
it has turn out to be the badge of identification. 29-Dec.-2010
Learn the subsequent part for extra perception on this query. 15-Apr.-2011
Shared Options Throughout the U.S. – Canada Border
One other factor that implies that Canadian elevating is a badge of identification is that loads of different dialect
options cross the border freely. If we have a look at the map we see that within the west
a number of dialect function traces cross the border, particularly the bite-bout
line, making components of British Columbia sound extra just like the neighboring
Individuals than the neighboring Canadians, besides in fact that they do have
the Canadian elevating. Within the Nice Lakes space the bite-bout line once more crosses
the border thrice, making Windsor just like its neighbor Detroit in solely
this one function, and farther north making the dual cities of Sault Ste. Marie
share this function as properly, however on the opposite facet of the road.
However in fact the massive factor shared by Canadians with many
Individuals, in each the east and west, is the cot-caught merger. Actually, this
function is shared alongside the western two-thirds of the border, and it appears
virtually sure, just by a fast have a look at the map, that the North Central
dialect borrowed this function from Canada, since that is the one function that
distinguishes North Central from the North. How a lot the West derived this
function from Canada is unsure, however it will need to have been important, since they
not solely share this function, but additionally the fronting of the lengthy /ōō/ [u] vowel.
Within the east there are two areas alongside the border the place this
function is shared throughout the border. Clearly the border shared by the
Maritimes and Quebec with New England is certainly one of them, and this can be very
possible that this function was shared throughout this border very early within the
historical past of the 2 nations, and even earlier than they break up into two nations in 1776!
The opposite space is Lake Erie, the place there are a line of cities on the American
facet which have the cot-caught merger. Was this resulting from Canadian affect? It
would appear unlikely, besides that one other dialect function crosses into Canada at
this similar level: one of many long o fronting traces of dots (the pink ones), and one other dialect line is break up
at this level, the bite-bout line. So who is aware of? Alternatively, the ANAE Ch. 14, pp. 203-206 means that there was no such
affect, because the metropolis of Erie, Pennsylvania was initially a part of the
Inland North (and presumably Ashtabula and Painesville have been additionally, although these
are usually not talked about within the ANAE), and solely later turned Allegheny Midland.
Due to this I’ve not proven the cot-caught line crossing Lake Erie. 12-Mar.-2013
Nonetheless, even with varied options crossing the border,
this doesn’t imply that cities on reverse sides of the border will sound
significantly related. As talked about above, Windsor and Detroit sound extraordinarily
totally different, sharing just one essential function. However even cities sharing extra
options don’t actually sound that shut: Tammy Faye Bakker Messner from
Worldwide Falls, Minnesota, and Duncan Keith from throughout the river in Fort
Frances, Ontario pronounce their /ō/ [o] vowels the identical, and likewise
their /ou/
[ɑʊ] vowels in phrases like “down”, however lots of
their different vowels are very totally different. The truth that they’re neighboring cities
in a distant space doesn’t appear to matter: one is American and the opposite
Canadian, and that issues extra! 8-Aug.-2014
The data in most of those layers is described within the
legends on the map and elsewhere on this website.
You may make every layer seen or invisible by clicking the
checkmark for that layer within the Layers window. It’s best to normally maintain layers
1, 2, 3, 13, and 15 seen (these outlined in purple beneath),
besides if you actually need to see one thing with out the litter. Nonetheless, even
then it’s best to go away stage 1 seen, as a result of in any other case you get a bizarre cross-hatching which is the “invisible
shade”. Degree 10 (outlined in blue) is essentially the most
essential information on the map, however it may be made seen or not relying on
whether or not you need the primary dialect traces over or below the opposite
traces, since the entire information in stage 10 can also be included in stage 2. This information
can solely be made utterly invisible by making each layer 2 and layer 10
invisible. 12-Aug.-2014
(Oops, I solely just lately, 20-Oct.-2016, realized that I had
swapped the order of layers 10 and 11 on the map, although the supposed order was
appropriate within the chart above. I don’t understand how lengthy I had it mistaken. I’ve now
adjusted these.) 20-Oct.-2016
I’m knowledgeable linguist and a Christian missionary,
working in indigenous Amerindian languages. My work has nothing to do with
English, so that’s the reason this mission is only a passion.
Just a few readers have requested the place I’m from, and what dialect I
converse. Truly, I’m the full reverse of the sort of folks I’m on the lookout for
for the sound samples on my map: They
have every been born and raised in a single particular place within the U.S. or Canada. I
was born in Mexico Metropolis, the son of Christian missionaries, and moved again and
forth between Mexico and varied locations within the U.S. all through my childhood,
spending most of my time within the U.S. within the Oklahoma Metropolis space. My dad and mom met
in Mexico. 6-Nov.-2015
My father was born and raised in Port Chester, New York. He
spoke various totally different languages. He didn’t have a Port Chester accent
(Jap North; take a look at the 2 sound samples I
have listed), however as an alternative spoke primarily Common American, the one relic of
his Jap North upbringing being that he distinguished phrases like “merry” /mĕrē/
[ˈmɛɹi] and “marry” /mărē/ [ˈmæɹi].
My mom had an much more fascinating background. She was
born in Sydney, Australia, of oldsters who emigrated there from Scotland. When
she was 10, the household moved to Berkeley, California. When she arrived, she had
a powerful Australian accent, however as a result of ridicule of her friends, she shortly adopted
a Bay Space accent, and sounded completely American for the remainder of her life.
Nonetheless, the Australian system had apparently established itself in her
unconscious, as a result of after I obtained eager about English dialects, I requested her
if the phrases “father” and “trouble” rhymed for her (see The
Father-Bother Distinction above).
She stated, “Oh, no, they’re fairly totally different!” “Actually?”
I stated. “Say them for me.” And when she stated them, they each had the exact same
vowel, rhyming completely, following the Bay Space sample. However they nonetheless felt totally different to her, as a result of in her
childhood she had pronounced them with very totally different vowels, and that phonemic
system was apparently nonetheless there, although coated up by a Bay Space floor
system. She additionally clearly distinguished “merry” and “marry”, which isn’t a Bay
Space function, however evidently a remnant of her Australian childhood. She additionally
rhymed “on” with “Don”, which matches each Berkeley and Australia. (For different
circumstances wherein a phonemic system might be fastened by the age of 10, see the
footnote for John Hoeven). 12-Aug.-2014
So, what accent do I’ve? I seems that I converse pretty
pure Common American, most likely as a result of all of my education was in English in
an American type college, even after I lived in Mexico. For essentially the most half I
don’t comply with my dad and mom’ speech patterns. As an example, they each distinguish
“merry” and “marry”, and I don’t. Particularly, in my dialect “cot”≠“caught” (with a transparent Central Midland
sample, not the raised /ô/ [oə] of the northeastern
U.S.), “pin”≠“pen”, and “on” rhymes
with “Don”. Though I spent seven years within the Oklahoma Metropolis/Norman space
between the ages of seven and 18, I didn’t decide up any affect there, since in
this space “pin”=“pen” and “on” rhymes with “Daybreak”.
8-June-2011
The one space wherein I appear to have adopted my dad and mom,
and differ from most Individuals, is that I don’t pronounce the “l” in “calm” or
“yolk” or “speak” (see The Pronunciation of “-alm” and “-olk” and “-alk”). 8-June-2011
So what space matches my dialect? No space matches my dialect
precisely, although the closest appears to be South Florida, particularly the southern
half beneath the “on” line, although I feel my native pronunciation of the lengthy /ō/ [oʊ] vowel is a little more backed, and
I don’t know but how South Florida handles the phrases in The Pronunciation of “-alm”
and “-olk” and “-alk”). (I had beforehand thought that Canton, Ohio
was additionally an in depth match, however it has a strongly raised “bat” vowel, whereas I do
not.) I believe that many others who moved continually of their youth, akin to
“military brats” or missionary youngsters like me, could have an identical sample, which
could possibly be known as one thing like “Transient Common
American”. (South Florida was populated by transients, particularly the
southern half, so the truth that it has this dialect shouldn’t be shocking.)
Alternatively, most individuals who develop up in these Central Midland areas which
have a Common American accent as their native dialect usually rhyme “on” with
“Daybreak”, not “Don”. 12-Aug.-2014